Fracture Characteristics of Entrapped Head Impacts Versus Controlled Head Drops in Infant Porcine Specimens,,

In many forensic cases, the job of forensic pathologists and anthropologists is to determine whether pediatric death is due to an abusive act or an accidental fall. The goal of this study was to compare the cranial fracture patterns generated on the parietal bone of a developing, infant porcine (pig, Sus scrofa) model by a controlled energy head drop onto a plate versus previous data generated by blunt force impact at the same energy onto the head constrained to a plate. The results showed that blunt force impacts on a head constrained to a rigid plate produces more fracture, but the same general pattern, as that for a head dropped onto the plate with the same level of impact energy. The study suggests that head constraint may be an important factor to consider in the evaluation of death causation for blunt force impacts to the pediatric skull.     

European national news

The regular article tracking developments at the national level in key European countries in the area of IT and communications – co-ordinated by Herbert Smith LLP and contributed to by firms across Europe. This column provides a concise alerting service of important national developments in key European countries. Part of its purpose is to compliment the Journal's feature articles and briefing notes by keeping readers abreast of what is currently happening “on the ground” at a national level in implementing EU level legislation and international conventions and treaties. Where an item of European National News is of particular significance, CLSR may also cover it in more detail in the current or a subsequent edition.     

试论卫生应急“机制”建设中不容忽视的几个问题

卫生应急工作要迈上科学发展轨道,应多关注从"机制"建设上找寻亟待解决的问题。本文拟从突发公共卫生事件特点及应急机制建设重要性入手,探究卫生应急机制建设过程中尚存的"拦路虎",找寻卫生应急机制建设应对之策,即:关口前移,建立应急预案动态更新机制;瞄准实战,建立突发疫情应对处置机制;筑牢"后墙",建立突发事件储备保障机制;紧盯"重心",建立医院危机攻关应急机制。     

Conservation and modern information technologies: The global register of migratory species (GROMS)

Abstract

The present paper reviews the state of knowledge of migratory species protected under the Bonn Convention (Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals) and presents first results from the “Global Register of Migratory Species” (GROMS). GROMS summarises our knowledge on migratory species within one relational database in combination with a geographical information system (GIS). GROMS will reveal information deficiencies, support the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals, and contribute to the Clearinghouse Mechanism under the Convention on Biological Diversity. At present, GROMS contains 412 species distribution maps in GIS format. As an initial example of the potential of GIS‐analysis, GIS‐maps of birds and mammals were intersected with administrative borders, and the number of species was calculated for each province. The resulting map shows a high diversity in temperate regions, which is in contrast to maps that usually show most “biodiversity hotspots” to be in the tropics. Consequences for conservation policies are discussed and future prospects for GIS analysis are outlined.     

Confidence in the police: Balancing public image with community safety – A comparative review of the literature

Examining the evolution of British and Australian policing, this comparative review of the literature considers the historical underpinnings of policing in these two countries and the impact of community legitimacy derived from the early concepts of policing by consent. Using the August 2011 disorder in Britain as a lens, this paper considers whether, in striving to maintain community confidence, undue emphasis is placed on the police's public image at the expense of community safety. Examining the path of policing reform, the impact of bureaucracy on policing and the evolving debate surrounding police performance, this review suggests that, while largely delivering on the ideal of an ethical and strong police force, a preoccupation with self-image may in fact result in tarnishing the very thing British and Australian police forces strive to achieve – their standing with the public. This paper advocates for a more realistic goal of gaining public respect rather than affection in order to achieve the difficult balance between maintaining trust and respect as an approachable, ethical entity providing firm, confident policing in this ever-evolving, modern society.     

A Deeper Look at the Relationship between Political Knowledge and Political Participation: Evidence from Presidential and Legislative Elections in Taiwan

This study examines the effects of political knowledge on various types of political participation by focusing on five recent presidential and legislative elections in Taiwan. The empirical findings indicate that political knowledge has positive effects on some types of political participation but the effects of political knowledge on different types of political participation vary by the types of electoral systems and elections. Besides, although the interviewer's assessment of the respondent's level of information has been widely used as an effective indicator of political knowledge, this study shows that the interviewers tend to rate men and partisans as politically knowledgeable, which might lead to a biased estimate of political knowledge. Overall, this study provides insight into the relationship between political knowledge and political participation in Taiwan.     

Elite Messages and Source Cues: Moving Beyond Partisanship

According to previous studies, women in the U.S. Congress are often cast by the media and by voters as quite distinct from men, with a unique focus on women's issues and an outsider approach to governing. Contrary to the media's depiction and voters' expectations, however, an analysis of Congressional web sites reveals that women members, just as men in Congress do, portray themselves as having diverse interests and participating zealously in the Washington power struggle. Thus, women's self-presentations on the web do not support the notion that the images proffered by members contribute to media and voter stereotypes of women representatives.     

加强党校图书馆信息服务保障工作——基于重点学科建设的视角

党校重点学科建设是一项事关党校教育事业科学发展的战略性任务,而党校图书馆作为党校教学和科研服务的文献信息中心,虽然拥有为重点学科建设提供信息服务保障的优势,但其仍然存在一些与重点学科建设所需求的信息服务不相适应的问题,如数字资源服务的内容有待拓展、整体素质有待提高等。因此,党校图书馆必须通过加强纸质文献资源建设、拓展数字资源服务内容、重构图书馆组织架构、加强人才队伍建设等途径加强信息服务保障工作,以期更好地为党校重点学科建设服务。     

浅谈高校图书馆与信息素质教育

信息素质,是指一个人的信息需求、信息意识、信息知识、信息道德、信息能力方面的基本素质.伴随着信息时代的到来,社会的发展要求全民提高信息素质以适应时代的变化,大学生作为国家未来的建设者更应注重其综合素质的培养,尤其是信息素质教育.因其在学校特殊的优势,高校图书馆在实施信息素质教育方面理所应当地成为主角,针对学生信息素质培养中应采取相应的策略,以充分发挥职能作用.     

从“权利规范模式”走向“行为控制模式”的数据信托——数据主体权利保护机制构建的另一种思路

单纯通过立法赋予当事人权利并不能改变"强权即正确"的残酷现实。相比于传统赋权模式,信托机制以信义义务实现了数据控制人与数据主体之间权利义务的不均衡配置,通过凸显隐私保护、降低举证难度、提高数据泄露时公民获得救济的机率,保护了数字时代数据主体的脆弱性,进而发挥私法救济的功效,间接促成信托机制在数据保护与责任规则相互作用下的一次完美嬗变。