‘Catching’ and ‘Targeting’: Risk‐Based Policing,Local Culture and Gendered Practices

The aim of this article is to explore cultural and practical aspects of the growing use of information and communication technology (ICT) in policing. By using empirical research on policing in Norway, the focus will be on how ICT is used as a crime prevention instrument in everyday police work and culture. The transition, which the new technologies mediate, will be explored by focusing on concepts of risk and materialization of risk‐based policing at the practice level in two cases: 1) a special unit fighting serious and organized crime utilizing proactive policing methods, police informers, crime profiling and databases, and 2) a police station focusing on low‐level crime by using a problem‐oriented policing model, transmitting responsibility for personal security onto identified ‘problem‐owners’.1 ‘Problem‐owner’ is a notion used by the police in the two cases. It is referring to the POP‐model, and whom they identify as important to participate in the risk‐management. According to Wright (: 121): “Partnership refers to a purposeful relationship between the police and the public or between the police and other agencies in the field.” Based on an examination of risk phenomena as contextual, embedded in practice and cultural settings, various stories about risk management will be told. The stories reflect different control strategies in the crime control discourses, and point to how risk‐based technologies are shaped and adapted in occupational culture and practice. The article illuminates the importance of studying the empirical complexity ICT is used in, and looks towards, to paraphrase O'Malley and Palmer (), ‘firewalls of resistance’ in the local occupational culture, that are preventing full integration of risk tools.     

Confidence in the police: Balancing public image with community safety – A comparative review of the literature

Examining the evolution of British and Australian policing, this comparative review of the literature considers the historical underpinnings of policing in these two countries and the impact of community legitimacy derived from the early concepts of policing by consent. Using the August 2011 disorder in Britain as a lens, this paper considers whether, in striving to maintain community confidence, undue emphasis is placed on the police's public image at the expense of community safety. Examining the path of policing reform, the impact of bureaucracy on policing and the evolving debate surrounding police performance, this review suggests that, while largely delivering on the ideal of an ethical and strong police force, a preoccupation with self-image may in fact result in tarnishing the very thing British and Australian police forces strive to achieve – their standing with the public. This paper advocates for a more realistic goal of gaining public respect rather than affection in order to achieve the difficult balance between maintaining trust and respect as an approachable, ethical entity providing firm, confident policing in this ever-evolving, modern society.     

A Deeper Look at the Relationship between Political Knowledge and Political Participation: Evidence from Presidential and Legislative Elections in Taiwan

This study examines the effects of political knowledge on various types of political participation by focusing on five recent presidential and legislative elections in Taiwan. The empirical findings indicate that political knowledge has positive effects on some types of political participation but the effects of political knowledge on different types of political participation vary by the types of electoral systems and elections. Besides, although the interviewer's assessment of the respondent's level of information has been widely used as an effective indicator of political knowledge, this study shows that the interviewers tend to rate men and partisans as politically knowledgeable, which might lead to a biased estimate of political knowledge. Overall, this study provides insight into the relationship between political knowledge and political participation in Taiwan.     

Elite Messages and Source Cues: Moving Beyond Partisanship

According to previous studies, women in the U.S. Congress are often cast by the media and by voters as quite distinct from men, with a unique focus on women's issues and an outsider approach to governing. Contrary to the media's depiction and voters' expectations, however, an analysis of Congressional web sites reveals that women members, just as men in Congress do, portray themselves as having diverse interests and participating zealously in the Washington power struggle. Thus, women's self-presentations on the web do not support the notion that the images proffered by members contribute to media and voter stereotypes of women representatives.     

信息时代的新计划经济论

计划经济和市场经济是当代两种主要的也是相互竞争的经济体制。在20世纪末期以来的经济全球化中,市场经济几乎一统天下。然而,一些左翼学者以迅猛发展的信息技术为支点,提出了新计划经济论。他们认为计划经济具有优越性,运用现代信息技术对传统计划经济进行革命性改造,可使计划经济更客观、更具有反应性。新计划经济论总体上还是带有乌托邦色彩的构想,存在一些本质性的缺陷。但新计划经济论提醒人们,信息时代的市场经济不等同于新自由主义,要注意市场经济和宏观调控相结合,运用信息技术完善市场经济。     

我国《信息网络传播权保护条例》制定的几个问题——从陈兴良索赔案谈起

陈兴良索赔案促进网下出版专有权向网上延伸,数字图书馆则通过个人作品授权变相夺取信息网络传播权。现实生活中所存在种种侵权事件,至今未见理论上的辨正;作者为作品评估机制所驱动,一般不会理会被侵权者的合法权益。这一些问题的解决,寄希望于《信息网络传播权保护条例》的早日出台。而该条例的制订,尚有待理论界对传播权进行定义,对传播权与传输权,网上传播权与网下著作权等关系进行廓清。     

治安管理部门实施社区警务战略的治安对策

当前治安管理部门在实施“社区警务”战略中的治安对策是:建、防、治三位一体,松紧适宜,管放适当;立足于点,点面结合;审时度势,因势利导;专群结合,强基固本;提高素质,适应需要。     

浅析社区民警考核奖惩机制的建立

建立社区民警考核制度奖惩制度,必须确保考核内容科学、考核标准合理。其考核内容有治安防范工作、治安管理工作、民警的群众工作能力。     

社区警务中的人口管理研究

社区警务中的人口管理,包括社区常住人口的走访调查式管理、社区流动人口的规范化管理、社区重点人口和帮教监改对象的特殊控制管理。