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101.
Kyle Conway M.D. J.D. Omar Rayes M.D. Theodore Brown M.D. Milad Webb M.D. Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2020,65(3):855-859
Residential fires are a significant cause for morbidity and mortality in the United States. Death is often the result of soot and smoke inhalation causing carbon monoxide (CO) toxicity. The approximate lethal level of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) in healthy adults has been well described. However, a significant number of medical examiner cases involve infirmed decedents, often elderly, with complex cardiovascular disease burdens. It is well known that death in these cases will occur at sublethal levels of COHb; however, increased lethality has been largely documented via anecdotal experience and lacks quantification. Fifty-five cases were identified where death resulted from smoke and soot inhalation suffered in a residential fire. The control group, with no cardiovascular disease, had an age-adjusted mean COHb level of 61.6% at the time of death. Presence of hypertensive cardiovascular disease showed a 30% reduction in COHb (age-adjusted mean 43.2%), atherosclerotic disease showed a 33% reduction (age-adjusted mean 41.5%), and combined disease presentation accounted for 41% reduction (age-adjusted mean 36.3%). When controlling for age, atherosclerotic and hypertensive cardiovascular diseases were each associated with statistically significant decreases in COHb (p < 0.01). Increasing age was associated with decreased COHb levels at 2.8% per 10 years of life (p < 0.01), even when modeled with hypertensive and atherosclerotic disease. These findings carry important public health significance, as well as practical significance for the medical examiner when interpreting COHb levels in cases of suspected deaths due to smoke and soot inhalation. 相似文献
102.
Serenella Serinelli M.D. Lorenzo Gitto M.D. Robert Stoppacher M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2019,64(6):1916-1920
Atrial septal defects (ASDs) are one of the most prevalent congenital cardiac anomalies in adults. These interatrial communications can produce changes in the right heart (remodeling and failure) and the lungs (pulmonary hypertension). Most adults with ASDs are surgically treated with excellent results. However, a small fraction of patients is at risk for postoperative complications, particularly the persistence of pulmonary hypertension. A case of a 47‐year‐old woman who was found unresponsive in the bathroom of her house and died despite resuscitative efforts is described. According to medical records, the woman underwent a surgical repair of an atrial septal defect at the age of 37. At the autopsy, macroscopic and microscopic signs of advanced pulmonary hypertension were detected, highlighting the importance for the forensic pathologists to recognize pulmonary hypertension as a cause of sudden death in adults with a history of late surgical closure of an atrial septal defect. 相似文献
103.
美国在中小学校园安全管理方面,注重校园安全立法,强调校园安全管理的系统性、有序性和事故防范的主动性。美国的各级教育行政部门都将学校安全保障作为自己的一项重要职责,为学校在人力、物力、财力等方面提供较为充分的支持,对中小学生的安全教育已经成为一种常态教育和生存技能教育。除开展演习之外,美国中小学校会聘请常驻校园警察,以帮助学校制订适合其自身特点的校园安全计划,处理校园安全事故,开展对学生的安全教育和技能培训。此外,美国的中小学校还重视发挥社区、家长和志愿者在维护校园安全中的作用。 相似文献
104.
新时期高校基层党建工作的现状分析与对策研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
高校基层党建工作是党的建设的重要组成部分,也是高校党建工作的核心和关键,必须以改革创新精神全面推进高校基层党建工作。当前高校基层党建工作面临着许多新问题、新挑战,对此只要正确地分析,找出解决问题的对策,在加强学生党员自身建设、发挥大学生党员主体作用、开拓网上党建等方面进行努力,就一定能把高校基层党建工作开展得有声有色,为高等教育事业又好又快发展提供坚强的政治保证和组织保证。 相似文献
105.
During the Jim Crow era, the American South developed a distinctive one-party political structure. One important feature of that structure was the primary runoff, which was adopted to require candidates to generate majority support in the nomination process and to stimulate competition within the Democratic Party (thus keeping the Republican Party irrelevant). In this piece, I argue that although the South has become a two-party region and the runoff has lived beyond its original purposes, it continues to do many of the things it was put into place to do. As in decades past, the runoff still has an impact on such things as candidate emergence, the competitiveness of primaries, and the ability for voters to reevaluate their choices. 相似文献
106.
目的 评价天麻钩藤饮联合卡托普利治疗原发性高血压的有效性和安全性,为动物实验和临床推广提供科学依据。方法 纳入天麻钩藤饮联合卡托普利与单纯卡托普利治疗原发性高血压的随机对照试验(randomised control trails,RCTs)文献,用Jadad量表对文献的质量进行评分,进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入8篇RCTs文献,均是Jadad评分小于3分的低质量研究。两组临床疗效、原发性高血压症状的合并效应量比值比(odds ratio,RR)分别为1.15、1.41;治疗后收缩压、舒张压的合并效应量分别为-5.37、-4.85 mmHg,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组的不良反应均较少。结论 与单纯卡托普利比较,天麻钩藤饮联合卡托普利治疗原发性高血压有更好的临床疗效,可改善症状,降压效果更佳,具有较好的安全性,适合临床的推广使用。由于纳入文献的质量不高,仍需要高质量的大样本双盲RCTs的支持。 相似文献
107.
目的 从细胞水平探讨芪白平肺胶囊通过磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(phosphatidylinositol 3-ki-nasePI3K/蛋白激酶B(protein kinas B,Akt)通路对低氧诱导的大鼠肺动脉平滑肌细胞(pulmona-ry arterial smooth muscle cells,PASMCs)凋亡的影响.... 相似文献
108.
目的:以望舌为主了解原发性肝癌并发上消化道出血的危险因素,为临床预防提供依据。方法:收集737例原发性肝癌患者的临床资料,并使用标准化舌象采集环境获取其临床舌象,由医学专家给出舌象诊断,使用条件Logistic回归对肝癌并发上消化道出血的危险因素进行筛选。结果:舌色按由淡白、淡红到红进行分类,结果显示上消化道出血的主要危险因素主要与肝癌临床分期(OR=3.607,P=0.000)、舌形异常(OR=3.295,P=0.005)、舌下脉形状(OR=1.558,P=0.008)和血清总胆红素水平(OR=1.008,P=0.015)有关;而舌色按紫与不紫进行分类,结果显示舌色也与肝癌并发上消化道出血密切相关(OR=1.989,P=0.047)。结论:舌体胖大、舌下脉增粗或迂曲、舌色见紫、肝癌临床分期进展和血清胆红素水平过高均为上消化道出血的危险因素,以舌象观察为主可望作为一种预测肝癌并发上消化道出血的简捷方法。 相似文献
109.
目的:探讨原发性高血压患者颈动脉粥样硬化程度与中医辨证分型的关系。方法:用高频(11.4 MHz)彩色多普勒超声检测了130例原发性高血压及心脑血管并发症患者的颈动脉,与37例非高血压心脑血管病患者作对照。结果:高血压各组颈动脉内中膜厚度及斑块检出率均高于对照组,以合并脑血管疾病组内中膜厚度高于单纯高血压组。高血压中医证型之间比较,以痰湿壅盛型内中膜厚度明显高于其他证型,斑块检出率以阴虚阳亢和痰湿壅盛型明显高于其他证型。结论:高血压是引起颈动脉内中膜厚度增加的重要因素。颈动脉粥样硬化程度可作为预测心脑血管病存在的参考指标。动脉硬化的病因病机与痰、瘀密切相关。 相似文献
110.
目的:建立原发性骨质疏松大鼠模型,探讨针灸督脉早期干预对原发性骨质疏松大鼠骨代谢和激素水平的影响及可能作用机制。方法:选用Wistar大鼠以去卵巢法复制大鼠骨质疏松模型,随机分为假手术组、模型组、针灸督脉组和西药组。针灸督脉组于模型复制后3d开始,观察骨代谢相关指标及激素水平改变特点。结果:模型组血清钙、磷、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)、骨密度(BMD)、雌二醇(E2)、降钙素(CT)水平均下降,而碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、甲状旁腺素(PTH)则升高。针灸督脉经3个疗程后对上述指标具有正常化调整作用。结论:针灸督脉早期干预下丘脑-垂体-巨隙轴可以防治原发性骨质疏松症。 相似文献