论服务行政条件下的行政私法行为

行政私法行为是行政机关于服务行政条件下所采取的一种行为方式,它属于国库行政的一种特殊形式。就行政私法行为的性质而言,它既不绝对地是一种公法行为,也不绝对地是一种私法行为,而是新形势下出现的一种兼具公法、私法双重属性的行为。对行政私法行为的法律调整,应该坚持公法优先、兼顾私法的准则。     

对不动产征收的私法思考

不动产征收已成为频频发生的社会法律现象。但是 ,作为公权力行使之一的不动产征收行为与人们享有的财产所有权和他物权利益之间的冲突日益凸现。解决这一冲突的基本思路应当是在从私法的角度正确认识不动产征收行为的法律性质的前提下 ,在正确理解不动产征收与不动产征用关系的基础上 ,在重新审视现行不动产征收的制度的理论反思中 ,重新设计一个具有法律制约的不动产征收制度体系。     

WTO与我国国际私法的建设

世界贸易组织要求我国必须有完善的国际私法。虽然我国国际私法经过 5 0年的发展 ,取得了令人瞩目的成绩 ,但也存在着诸多问题。新科学技术革命与全球化为中国国际私法的发展带来了巨大的挑战和机遇。我们必须抓住良好的机遇 ,在稳定的国际环境和国内环境中 ,努力建设好我国的国际私法。     

小议知识产权的私权和人权属性

现代知识产权制度主要构建在对财产权或私权认识的基础上,而《世界人权宣言》赋予了知识产权人权意义。正确认识知识产权私权和人权属性,有助于在兼顾个人利益和社会公共利益的基础上,重建或优化全球知识产权制度,并防止知识产权人滥用知识产权垄断市场的行为。     

Polygraphs: Erosion of the privacy right

The polygraph is a machine which invades previously private regions in the human being. Its operation is often viewed simplistically and lacking in danger. Such naivete is the subject of this comment. The paper considers the mechanics of polygraph operation, and its theoretical basis; the legal admissibility of the polygraph in a variety of settings, and lastly the impact the polygraph has upon our private lives.Clearly, the polygraph intrudes on the private regions of each individual, and this frightening fact is cause enough to consider the human, social and constitutional implications of its use. The project considers the reliability factor of the polygraph and its questionable use in personnel and business settings; its use in disciplinary procedures and labor arbitration, as well as reviews its place in judicial process and criminal review.Most critically the paper attempts to arrive at a constitutional basis for restrictions on its use in the private sector. Ingenious arguments have been made by opponents of the polygraph, and this paper reviews the substance and content of these constitutional arguments.     

轻伤害案件之刑事和解应何去何从——由一起轻伤害案件引发的法律思考

实践中,轻伤害案件的刑事和解中存在一种不合理的现象：在公诉程序中,在被羁押的状态下,加害人会处于非自愿地选择刑事和解的艰难处境。产生这种现象的根本原因在于轻伤害案件按法律规定既可走公诉程序又可走自诉程序,直接原因在于轻伤害案件的刑事和解实践中存在一些不良因素。解决问题的办法就在于使轻伤害案件自诉程序实现理性回归。     

From porn to cybersecurity passing by copyright: How mass surveillance technologies are gaining legitimacy … The case of deep packet inspection technologies

Recent coverage in the press regarding large-scale passive pervasive network monitoring by various state and government agencies has increased interest in both the legal and technical issues surrounding such operations. The monitoring may take the form of which systems (and thus potentially which people) are communicating with which other systems, commonly referred to as the metadata for a communication, or it may go further and look into the content of the traffic being exchanged over the network. In particular the monitoring may rely upon the implementation of Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) technologies. These technologies are able to make anything that happens on a network visible and recordable. While in practice the sheer volume of traffic passing through a DPI system may make it impractical to record all network data, if the system systematically records certain types of traffic, or looks for specific patterns in all traffic, the privacy concerns are highly significant. The aim of this paper is twofold: first, to show that despite the increasing public awareness in relation to the capabilities of Internet service providers (ISPs), a cross-field and comparative examination shows that DPI technologies are in fact progressively gaining legal legitimacy; second to stress the need to rethink the relationship between data protection law and the right to private life, as enshrined in Article 8 of the European Convention on human rights and Article 7 of the European Charter of fundamental rights, in order to adequately confine DPI practices. As a result, it will also appear that the principle of technical neutrality underlying ISP's liability exemptions is misleading.     

The Mandatory Bid Rule: Efficient,After All?

The mandatory bid rule has its origins in the UK and now applies throughout the EU and in many other jurisdictions. Under a mandatory bid, an acquirer of a controlling stake in a listed company has to offer to the remaining shareholders a buy‐out of their minority stakes at a price equal to the consideration received by the incumbent controller. While the rule warrants that no value‐destroying control transfers take place, it is often criticised for preventing value‐increasing transactions. This paper challenges some of the claims made by critics of mandatory bids. Highlighting the effects of synergy gains in private sale‐of‐control transactions, it is shown that mandatory bids prevent inefficient control transfers, where minority shareholder protection rules provide inadequate protection. Furthermore, mandatory bids help facilitate transfers to the most efficient bidders in multi‐bidder settings. The mandatory bid is justifiable, on economic grounds, in wider circumstances than is commonly assumed by law and economics scholars.     

《反垄断法》私人实施之难题及其克服:一个前瞻性探讨

我国反垄断法的私人实施面临受害人数众多,原告资格难以确认,被告违法行为难以证明,损害赔偿数额难以计算等诸多难题,而竞争文化的缺失,法律工具主义的流行,可能使私人实施反垄断法变得更为困难。将反垄断诉讼之原告限定为直接受违法行为影响的人,以反垄断执法机关或法院作出了被告违法的有效决定或判决作为受理案件的条件,实行因果关系推定原则,统一规定损害赔偿数额的计算方法,重视竞争文化的培育和传播,可有效地克服这些困难。     

论我国民事自助行为制度的建构——兼评我国各民法典草案中自助行为的规定

自助行为是相对于公力救济而言的一种私力救济行为。自助行为制度的确立,有利于我国民事权利保护制度的完善。我国目前的民法通则和物权法对自助行为没有设明文规定,因此在实践中我们应借鉴国外有关自助行为的立法和我国目前各民法典草案中有关自助行为的规定。至于我国未来的民法典,当在总则中设立“权利保护”一章规制自助行为,以建构体现现代民法精神的自助行为制度。