司法谦抑：司法权威的道德基础

树立司法权威对于法治国家具有重要意义,司法权威不仅需要司法独立的外部制度保障,而且需要司法谦抑作为内在的道德支撑。司法谦抑的品性源于司法机关的特殊地位、司法权的行使方式和法官的职业特点。司法谦抑能够弥补司法权民主性的不足,增强司法裁判的说服力,消减公众对司法骄横的疑虑,从而为树立司法权威提供道德基础。     

死刑限制而废止的程序之维--兼论"不杀不足以平民愤"

死刑制度是我国重要的刑罚制度,关于死刑存废问题学界一直都有诸多争论,大致可分为"限制"和"保留"两派观点.持保留观点的学者认为,目前废除死刑的社会物质条件尚不具备,新刑法从实体和程序两个方面对死刑做出的限制性规定,足可以最大程度上减少死刑的负面影响.然而在我国刑事司法程序保障严重缺失的情形下,加之舆论的牵制以及对民意的"高度重视",司法机关时常会作出"不杀不足以平民愤"回应.死刑的限制性规定在强大民意的压力下很难发挥出立法者们所期望的保障"少杀、慎杀"的功能.由限制而废除才是我国死刑制度的必走之路.     

当事人权利与法官权力的均衡分配——兼论民事诉讼的本质

程序自由主义之局限要求在当事人与法院之间重新分配程序控制权。当事人自主与法官职权在程序控制中的动态均衡 ,决定了不同诉讼结构、模式及其功能的差异。本文以英国民事诉讼中法官的职权作为考察模型 ,通过分析英国法官在民事诉讼中职权的强化、构成及特点 ,阐明了有关对抗制诉讼及程序控制权的普遍性误认 ,并就法官职权强化意味着对抗制终结之主张提出质疑 ,揭示了二大诉讼模式自我修正、不断靠近的融合趋势 ,并初步论及民事诉讼的本质。     

Moral Convictions Often Override Concerns About Procedural Fairness: A Reply to Napier and Tyler

Napier and Tyler (this issue) question whether moral convictions about outcomes really override the influence of procedural fairness (PF) on fairness judgments and decision acceptance. The empirical answer to this question is “yes.” When people have strong moral convictions about outcomes, perceptions of outcome fairness and decision acceptance are primarily shaped by whether the morally “correct” outcomes are achieved. Pre-decision perceptions of PF have surprisingly little or no effect on these judgments. That said, pre-outcome perceptions of PF sometimes predict post-outcome perceptions of PF, even when people have morally vested outcome preferences. We provide further details supporting the validity and superiority of our data analytic approach and argue that our original conclusions were justified.

Does procedural fairness matter for drug abusers to stop illicit drug use? Testing the applicability of the process-based model in a Chinese context

ABSTRACT

This study examined the influences of procedural fairness on Chinese drug users’ efforts to stop substance abuse, with a primary goal to test the applicability of the process-based model in the Chinese context. According to Tyler (1990 Tyler, T. (1990). Why people obey the law. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. [Google Scholar], Why people obey the law. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press), the core theoretical argument underpinning the process-based model is that if citizens consider the police to be fair in using their powers, they will view the police as legitimate and accordingly cooperate with the police and comply with the law. Using data from a sample of 202 Chinese drug users, this study found that procedural fairness has an indirect effect on drug users’ efforts to stop illicit drug use. Specifically, procedural fairness used by the police increased Chinese drug users’ efforts to stop substance abuse through its prior effects on drug users’ perceptions of police trustworthiness. These findings provide some support for the key arguments of the process-based model of regulation, and have important implications for the direction of efforts to encourage desistance-related behavior among substance abusers.     

职务犯罪案件中监检衔接的主要障碍及其疏解

我国监察体制改革后,监检衔接问题成为理论界和实务界共同关注的课题。监检衔接既是监察机关和检察机关“相互配合、相互制约”原则的基本要求,也是形成反腐合力、落实法律监督、保障被调查人合法权益等的现实需要。当下监检两机关提前介入的衔接、留置与强制措施的衔接、证据的衔接以及被调查人辩护权利保障等方面存在的问题较为突出。在监察体制改革初期,宜在贯彻“引导为主、监督为辅”、“规范为主、灵活为辅”的原则下,推动监检两机关之间的衔接机制建设,同时以进一步优化调查(强制)措施、证据等衔接为目标,通过设置“过渡条款”等措施,推动监检衔接顺畅以及被调查人(犯罪嫌疑人)的权利保障,促进监察体制改革的顺利进行。     

Mind the gap(s): Winning,losing, and perceptions of electoral integrity in mixed-member proportional systems

This study investigates whether and how experiences of winning and losing at the ballot box shape voters' views about the integrity of the electoral process in Germany's mixed-member proportional system. Relying on comprehensive data from the German Longitudinal Election Study (GLES) 2021, the analysis provides evidence for a consistent winner-loser gap in voters' electoral-integrity perceptions, with electoral losers evaluating the electoral process systematically more negative than electoral winners. Moreover, the analysis shows that the winner-loser gap is particularly pronounced for voters who lost in two consecutive federal elections (‘repeated losers’) as well as for those who suffered electoral defeat with both their list and district votes (‘double losers’). These findings provide novel insights on how voters in mixed-member proportional systems cope with winning and losing at the ballot box, highlighting that electoral losers place (part of) the blame for their electoral defeat on the electoral process and procedures as such. In addition, the findings point to the relevance of specific features of electoral systems in shaping winner-loser gaps in electoral-integrity beliefs.     

公共管理职业活动中的三个伦理问题

公共管理是一种新型的社会治理模式,是政治文明发展的最新成果。研究公共管理问题,需要从职业活动的角度出发,因为,这样就会把伦理的视角引入到对公共管理的认识中来。通过研究公共管理者的道德能力问题、道德行为选择过程中的道德判断问题以及公共管理活动中的权威与自由的实现问题,就能够对公共管理获得一种全面的认识,从而在构建公共管理这一服务型社会治理模式中得到科学的支持。     

排他性法律实证主义——兼评拉兹的权威理论

当代法律实证主义内部的一大理论争议是排他性法律实证主义与包容性法律实证主义.对它们的介绍与研究不仅可以帮助我们切出法律实证主义今日之脉动,而且可以帮助我们窥测其未来之风向.     

罚没收入使用制度研究

我国在罚没收入的使用方面缺乏统一的规定,这与我们对罚没收入的性质缺乏准确的把握有直接关系。罚没收入是基于他人违法而给财政增加的收入,它不宜用于公权力机关的经费和福利;它作为公权力主体制止违法而带来的副产品,还应该用于制止违法和预防违法,以及用于对因他人违法而得不到充分救济的公民;它作为解决因社会深层矛盾而产生的违法问题的措施的副产品,还应该使用于对产生违法现象的根源治理上。