大陆、台湾地区的犯罪心理测试比较研究

对比两岸犯罪心理测试技术,大陆司法界仍然抱着怀疑态度,而台湾地区则持有谨慎相信的态度。在仪器引进研发上,大陆以仿制和自主研发为主,台湾地区以进口为主;在法律效力上,大陆是辅助侦查手段,台湾地区是辅助证据;在测试主体标准及培养方式上,大陆参差不齐,台湾严谨慎重;其他如测试技术客体标准,测试的实施条件、测试环境等方面,大陆和台湾地区基本相同,略有差异。海峡两岸均应更严格地对犯罪心理测试技术实施资质管理,提高准确率,以期为法制昌明而出力。     

论破产中尚未履行完毕的合同

尚未履行完毕的合同在破产中的处置,有不可自由选择和可自由选择两种。不可自由选择的合同的范围,主要是出于维护交易安全和保护合同当事人的预期而划定,如委托合同、附所有权保留的买卖合同、房屋租赁合同和知识产权许可使用合同等。对可自由选择的合同,完善的破产立法一方面应规定选择权,明确其性质,另一方面也应区别不同情形对其做适当的限制,在追求破产财产最大化的同时兼顾合同债权人利益的保护。在上述各个方面,我国《破产法》均有改进的余地。     

Targeted Neighborhood Sampling: A New Approach for Recruiting Abusive Couples

We conducted two studies to test the utility of a new strategy for recruiting couples experiencing intimate partner violence. This new strategy, Targeted Neighborhood Sampling, involves utilizing police reports of family fight calls to target particular areas within a city for recruitment efforts. Study I compared the efficacy of using this method to recruit a random versus a convenience sample. Results demonstrated that Targeted Neighborhood Sampling was most effective when recruiting a convenience sample of participants who responded to flyers left at their residences. Study II used a convenience sample and replicated the findings from Study I. Across the two studies, 40.4% of those who called after receiving a flyer experienced male-to-female partner violence within the past year. In addition, we combined data across studies and correlated types of violence the couples experienced with variables commonly associated with abuse. Psychological aggression, physical assault, and injury were all positively associated with reports of demand-withdrawal and mutual avoidance during conflict, as well as depression and symptoms of post traumatic disorder syndrome. Sexual coercion was associated with drug abuse. These results demonstrate the utility and validity of Targeted Neighborhood Sampling.

Doing Well vs. Feeling Well: Understanding Family Dynamics and the Psychological Adjustment of Chinese Immigrant Adolescents

Despite their average high levels of educational achievement, Asian American students often report poor psychological and social adjustment, suggesting an achievement/adjustment paradox. Yet, the reasons for this paradox remain unclear. Drawing on 5-year longitudinal qualitative interview data, this paper compares the family dynamics of two groups of adolescents from Chinese immigrant families: non-distressed adolescents (n = 20) who have high levels of academic achievement and high levels of psychological well-being; and distressed adolescents (n = 18) who have high levels of academic achievement but low levels of psychological well-being. Findings suggest that the two groups of families differed in parenting approaches after migration, parent–child communication, parental expectations, and parent–child relations. Implications for Asian American adolescent and youth development are discussed.

民法典视野下担保合同效力的制度变迁

从担保行为历史、担保合同效力立法、司法实践的角度考查,担保制度经历了从人格向契约、再由契约向政策的变迁,各阶段的效力规定均体现了特定的社会背景并具有时代适应性.民法典对保证及物权担保合同中主从合同的效力关系进行了统一规定,其法定主义立场重申了对担保秩序稳定性的价值追求,反映了立法者在面对日新月异的担保现实时追求公平的整...     

虚拟主体存在的多维审视

新时代互联网世界不断升级,网络空间随之不断走向无限领域,其包含内容愈加丰富.主体缺场或不在场的次数和机会逐渐增加,呈现为虚拟性.虚拟主体的存在不同于现实主体的逻辑性,而呈现出精神性、空间性、契约性、可能性、世界性、自由性的超越现实的虚拟性.深入理解虚拟主体的多维存在不能脱离现实基础,它同样具有创造性和正义性,亦即经历一个选择做什么样人的过程,是网络治理实现的目标.     

合并自杀的杀人行为研究(附40例分析)

目的　探索合并自杀的杀人行为的犯罪学特征、发生机理 ,为责任能力的评定提供依据 ,并提出进一步研究方向。　方法　采用回顾性研究方法 ,3名研究人员从 1997年 1月～ 2 0 0 1年 10月的鉴定案例中挑出符合研究条件的案例 ,进行统计学分析 ,并结合国内外相关文献进行讨论。　结果　符合条件者共 40例 ,男性被鉴定人较多 (2 8名 ) ,平均年龄 33.5 5岁 ,主要年龄段 30～ 40岁 ,妄想和情绪低落等症状具有明显的作用 ,精神分裂症和无精神病在疾病诊断中占有显著地位。　结论　合并自杀的杀人行为具有一定的特征 ,应引起司法精神病学的关注 ,并展开更深入的研究。     

试论合同诈骗犯罪的认定

合同诈骗犯罪应从履行合同的能力、履行合同的行为两方面来认定。对经济合同诈骗犯罪与经济合同纠纷认定的根据是当事人的履行能力及其主观心理状态和当事人的实际履约行为及其主观心理状态。合同诈骗犯罪的侦查重点要放在查清犯罪嫌疑人犯罪的故意、犯罪主体、犯罪行为及资金流向等方面。     

民警个性特征与心理压力关系探源

基层公安民警长期超负荷工作,使他们的心理压力越来越大。另一方面,民警自身个性特征方面的欠缺也是造成其心理压力的重要原因。     

劳动关系契约化与职工主人翁教育

与企业签订了劳动合同,职工还是不是企业的主人?是当前国有企业职工关心议论的热点。本文指出:必须通过新型主人翁教育对此予以澄清。要使职工认识到劳动合同的签订使企业主人由抽象变为具体,使职工民主权利由形式转向了形式与内容的统一,使工会维护职能进一步具体化、法制化。