完善公安信访制度促进政治文明建设

公安信访工作是保障人民民主权利的重要形式,为促进改革开放、经济发展和社会稳定发挥了极为重要的作用.但是,随着我国民主政治的发展,公安信访工作运作体系暴露出了一些问题和薄弱环节.在新形势下,完善公安信访规范,进一步畅通信访渠道,对促进社会主义政治文明有着重要的意义.     

云南新型毒品滥用群体朋辈行为因素实证分析

新型毒品滥用群体朋辈的日常行为从总体上而言,偏常是较为明显的,有三类滥用新型毒品群体与日常行为指标不同而呈现出不同的特征。一是"h igh"妹朋辈群体大部分指标值高于公司职员朋辈群体,在"与人发生非婚性关系"上,甚至高于无业者群体朋辈;二是公司职员朋辈群体整体指标平均值最低,接近于正常水平,但在"喝酒"指标上赋值最高。三是无业者朋辈群体偏常行为最为明显,在"偷盗"、"抽烟"、"打架斗殴"、"谈论过自杀"、"尝试过自杀"几个指标上赋值最高;因此,要加强对上述三类群体接触新型毒品的预防教育。     

Analysing Parliamentary Debate with Computer Assistance

The analysis of parliamentary debates is at the confluence of a number of developments in political science. What light can automated and semi‐automated techniques throw on such analysis? In this paper we compare two such approaches, one semi‐automated (Hamlet) and the other fully automated (Alceste). We use both approaches to identify the prominent themes in debate and to assess how far speakers who favour different positions adopt a distinct pattern of discourse. We seek to assess how far the two approaches yield convergent or divergent analyses. Selecting a second reading debate from the UK House of Commons on a private member's bill on abortion in July 1966, we are able to show similarities of analysis despite the detailed differences between the two approaches. In particular, the analysis in Hamlet al.lows identification of the extent to which individual speakers employ one type of vocabulary rather than another. Alceste is able to provide a statistical basis for the different classes of vocabulary that occur in the debate. However, the two programs rest upon quite different assumptions about the relationship between syntax and meaning, with implications for the practice of political science.     

颠覆型民主化:菲律宾民主转型的力学博弈及依靠力量

通过"二月政变"率先实现颠覆型民主化,是菲律宾政治和社会长期发展的产物.在转型的博弈过程中,菲律宾未能形成体制内改革派集团,体制和反体制势力间的势力平衡急速地倾向于后者,在野党缺乏动员大众并使政府让步的能力.军队的反叛和教会的介入是民主转型最重要的依靠力量,这使得菲律宾颠覆型民主化的实现成为可能.     

The Impact of Fiscal Decentralisation on Education and Other Types of Spending

Scholars have argued about the impact of fiscal decentralisation on public spending for a long time without coming to any firm theoretical and empirical conclusions. In contrast to earlier studies, this paper looks at the impact of fiscal decentralisation across different types of spending. The conventional wisdom of a “race to the bottom” in taxes and spending as a consequence of fiscal decentralization is juxtaposed to the recent literature on expenditure competition, which posits that expansive local competition results in higher spending in fiscally decentralized countries. We argue that the effects of fiscal decentralization should be seen most clearly for those types of policies which are provisioned mainly on the local/regional level. Empirically, we find a robust and positive association between fiscal decentralization and aggregate levels of education spending. However, when looking at public policies provided at the national level (e.g. pension policies), fiscal decentralisation is associated with lower levels of aggregate spending. The argument is tested empirically by means of cross‐sectional regressions as well as a pooled time series analysis of education, pension, social and total public spending in OECD countries from 1980 to 2001.     

蒙自“8．01”特大杀人案犯罪心理痕迹探析

犯罪心理痕迹是犯罪行为的客观反映,是一种客观存在的能被认识的特殊形态。从侵害对象、作案工具、现场的特殊环境等方面,特别是被害人的损伤分布、损伤特征来分析蒙自"8.01"特大杀人案的犯罪心理痕迹,以刻画作案人心理、生理身份及其社会身份特征,从而划定犯罪嫌疑人范围并进而锁定犯罪嫌疑人。     

家兔玻璃体液微量取样与一次取样的比较

目的比较微量取样与一次取样的优劣。方法36只家兔分为4组(每组9只),于死后12h取样:I组于一次取出所有VH;II组微量取样50μl,连续取15次;III组左眼一次取样。右眼微量重复取样。IV组双眼第1次微量取样,剩余一次取出。检测Ca2 、Cl-、K 、Na 和P等含量,数据统计分析。结果III组左右眼、(IV)组先后两次取样配对t检验无差异(P>0.05),各组微量取样样本的变异系数、双眼差较小。结论微量取样的操作影响较小、稳定性和重复性好,更适合法医学研究和应用。     

批评与反思：师生冲突的社会学分析

社会学的分析无疑为师生冲突研究提供了重要的认识视角。但既有的研究,却存在着明显的不足：师生冲突界定理应是“有限定的”而非“宽泛的”,师生差异只是构成师生冲突的一个必要条件,并不必然导致师生冲突;师生冲突的产生尚需对合法性的消解这一充分条件的支撑;师生冲突功能的定位必须是具体的而非抽象的。     

The identification of credit card encoders by hierarchical cluster analysis of the jitters of magnetic stripes

The relative bit density variation graphs of 207 specimen credit cards processed by 12 encoding machines were examined first visually, and then classified by means of hierarchical cluster analysis. Twenty-nine credit cards being treated as 'questioned' samples were tested by way of cluster analysis against 'controls' derived from known encoders. It was found that hierarchical cluster analysis provided a high accuracy of identification with all 29 'questioned' samples classified correctly. On the other hand, although visual comparison of jitter graphs was less discriminating, it was nevertheless capable of giving a reasonably accurate result.     

Disaster documentation: improving medical information-sharing in sudden-onset disaster scenarios

Abstract

This study investigates clinical practitioners’ use of medical documentation during sudden-onset disasters in order to better understand how we can improve practice. Thirteen participants, representing nine nationalities and six clinical disciplines (with the collective working experience of at least 15 different organisations providing disaster response), underwent semi-structured interviews using an inductive approach based in grounded theory. The initial codes and themes were analysed over four coding rounds and developed into selective codes. The findings suggest that documentation is overwhelmingly de-prioritised in disasters due to competing demands; there is little incentive to complete documentation at an organisational or government level; practitioners acknowledge the importance of and need for adequate documentation; paper documentation still has its place whilst electronic approaches have both benefits and drawbacks; and disasters require bespoke documentation solutions. Development of the emergency medical team (EMT) ‘data management’ role within EMTs may be one way to focus teams on key areas of improvement.