擒拿格斗教学训练中的心理因素探析

文章从心理学角度出发,对擒拿格斗教学进行了研究,提出了擒拿格斗课教学训练必须加强学生心理素质训练和信息反馈策略的新观点,为改进擒拿格斗教学,提高擒拿格斗课教学质量提供理论依据。     

农业水价综合改革政策绩效偏差从何而来? ——基于甘肃10个试点县(区)的实证研究

【问题】农业水价综合改革是推进节约增效型农业、保障国家水安全的关键改革。但地方政策实践中面临农户节水意识与用水方式尚未完全改善、政府部门水价形成机制和节水激励机制尚未良性运行、农业节水的经济和社会效应尚未充分彰显等系列问题,政策实际绩效与目标绩效间产生偏差。政策绩效偏差何以形成?关键影响因素及其内在关联是什么?如何矫正绩效偏差并增进政策绩效?【方法】以甘肃省10个试点县(区)农业水价综合改革为研究样本,对实地调研和深入访谈所获取的数据资料进行质性编码,建构我国农业水价综合改革政策绩效偏差的归因模型。【发现】农业水价综合改革政策绩效偏差的形成是涉及“利益相关者—政策执行—政策情境”交叠驱动的复杂过程,表现在:1.在主体层面,利益相关者政策认知、偏好和协同行动是决定政策绩效的关键因素;2.在行动层面,任务分解层层加码、政策落实困难是构成导致政策绩效偏差的核心变量;3.在场域层面,政策资源和改革需求等情境要素进一步催化了政策绩效偏差的形成。【贡献】相对于源自政府绩效管理工具性路径下对绩效悖论和绩效损失的关注,本研究的贯穿概念:绩效偏差,则可覆盖公共政策全过程,有更为广阔的研究价值与适用场域。本研究构建了基于农业水价综合改革政策绩效偏差的影响因素及相互间逻辑关联的理论模型,为解释公共政策绩效偏差提供新的视角;并从整合政策利益相关者认知与偏好、加强政策执行效能和优化政策环境三个维度提出农业水价综合改革政策矫正策略,为地方政府提升政策整体绩效提供参考。     

案例二则

通过对现场血迹分布情况的分析,成功破获了一起聋哑人故意杀人案;掌握“十字形”开锁器的原理,熟悉利用“十字形”开锁器作案的现场规律,注重现场勘验,便于判定作案手段,对案件定性和开展侦查具有重要意义。     

区域金融生态环境与金融资源配置的经验分析——以安徽省为例

运用典型相关分析与Granger因果检验等方法对安徽省区域金融生态环境与金融资源配置水平之间进行实证分析。两者存在Granger因果关系。但这种关系是单向的,是从金融生态环境到金融资源配置,而且表现为正向。建议从政府主导型市场经济向政府监管型市场经济的过渡,使两者相互促进的作用得以充分发挥。     

刑事案件现场中的悔罪行为初探

刑事案件犯罪中存在一类特殊的行为,它们是在犯罪行为完成后产生的,是犯罪行为人为了抑制或宣泄内在心理冲突而做出的行为,其重要性易被低估甚至忽视,得不到有效的利用。可以结合工作实践和理论知识,把它们抽离出来,归纳为"悔罪行为",并分析其基本内容、心理基础及其影响因素。     

Explanations for violent behaviour—An interview study among forensic in-patients

The alleged relation between mental disorder and violent criminal behaviour has been investigated mainly from an epidemiological perspective. Population-based registry studies have shown that violence occurs more frequently among people with mental disorders, like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, compared with control subjects, but that the increased risk is largely mediated by drug abuse and socio-economic deprivation. The aim of this study was to explore how patients who have committed violent or sexual crimes and have been sentenced to forensic psychiatric care by a Swedish court of law construed their criminal actions in terms of causes. Forty-six participants from six different Swedish forensic psychiatric clinics were included in the study. A semi-structured interview study was conducted and the data was analysed using a thematic analysis. A large group of the participants did not believe that the mental disorder played any role in the criminal events. Contributing causes that were mentioned were drug abuse and social factors.     

大湄公河次区域合作国内外研究：回顾与分析

1992年,大湄公河次区域合作（驻亚洲开发银行的倡导下正式启动。同时,国内外关于大湄公河次区域合作的研究也逐渐兴起。目前大湄公河次区域合作的国内研究以经济路径为主,涵盖诸多议题。国外研究则主要围绕大湄公河次区域的水资源安全、生态环境保护、区域治理3个议题开展。大湄公河次区域合作的国内研究需要“取长补短,拓展视野”,在研究路径和议题选择上有所突破和推进。     

QUESTIONING SEQUENCES IN CANADIAN POLICE INTERVIEWS: CONSTRUCTING AND CONFIRMING THE COURSE OF EVENTS?

A content analysis of 19 Canadian police interviews with adult witnesses revealed that several of the interviewing strategies used by officers ran counter to the recommendations in the literature. Specifically, interviewers interrupted the witness more than was necessary, rarely employed any cognitive techniques to enhance memory recall and asked far more closed than open-ended questions. Further, in terms of the sequencing of questions, a pattern emerged across interviews that suggested that officers first “help” the witness construct the event and then, through a rapid sequence of “yes/no” questions, seek to confirm the account. We argue that this pattern of questioning may suggest that officers are pursuing an assumed version of events and that exploring interviews from a sequencing perspective may prove beneficial in identifying possible biased versions of events.     

Tested Neutrality: Emotional Challenges in Qualitative Interviews on Homicide and Rape

The relationship between interviewer and interviewee in the qualitative research interview implies a power imbalance as the researcher possesses the authority to frame the interview and ask the questions. Many feminist researchers have thus emphasized the importance of establishing rapport with the informant. In this article the consequences of the researcher's sym/antipathies towards her informants are examined. Parts of two interviews are presented in order to show how the researcher's emotional reactions entail hers as well as the informants' verbal responses and consequently the generation of data. In the interviews the female researcher was particularly emotionally challenged as they were of a delicate nature in which gender interplayed: a woman doing interviews with male refugees convicted for homicide and rape against female victims. It is further discussed whether sympathy and rapport or antipathy and a confrontational interview style—the consequences of the researchers' emotional responses to the narratives of the offences and the attitude of the interviewees—produced the best data. The article concludes that good intentions about avoiding prejudice by not reading the men's files and verdicts in advance may have been a wrong decision as it left the researcher insufficiently emotionally prepared for the information revealed in the interviews and for the encounter with the informants.