Exploring the Roots of Public Participation in the Controversy Over Embryonic Stem Cell Research and Cloning

In this study, analyzing nationally represented survey data collected in 2003, we consider the roots of issue-specific citizen participation in the controversy over embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning. Building on past research, we pay particular theoretical attention to the role of issue engagements, the impact of church-based recruitment, and the influence of news media attentiveness. Given the increasing emphasis in science policy circles on creating new forms of public engagement, we also measure citizen willingness to attend and participate in a proposed local deliberative forum on the stem cell debate. Results indicate that traditional forms of citizen activism in the controversy over embryonic stem cell research and cloning is rooted almost exclusively in direct requests for participation through religious organizations rather than socio-economic differences among respondents, though issue engagement (measured as opinion intensity) and news attentiveness also play an important role. In terms of deliberative forums, traditional resource factors are significant, as the citizens who indicate they are most likely to participate in such a hypothetical local town meeting are generally highly educated, white, and younger. Above and beyond these resource factors, however, citizens willing to participate are also likely to have received requests to get involved in the debate at church, hold more intense feelings about the issue, and are paying closer attention to news coverage. In the future, in order to ensure the normative goals of diverse and/or representative participation, if actual deliberative forums are employed, these findings suggest that organizers will need to focus heavily on purposive sampling and turn out efforts.

成年牦牛感染扩展莫尼茨绦虫的局部免疫细胞学反应

为明确扩展莫尼茨绦虫感染成年牦牛所引起的免疫细胞学反应及致病作用,对感染牛的寄生部位进行了观察与研究,并同正常成年牦牛进行了比较.结果表明,扩展莫尼茨绦虫成虫仅寄生于牦牛的小肠.寄生部位的黏膜可见少量出血点,表面附有较多黏液,散在直径2～3 mm的溃疡灶,小肠黏膜集合淋巴小结较对照组发达,数量明显增多.光镜下可见小肠黏膜出血,部分黏膜上皮坏死、脱落,局部黏膜相关淋巴组织增生明显,黏膜层嗜酸性粒细胞大量浸润,浆细胞、杯状细胞和嗜银细胞显著增生,黏膜下层血管周围肥大细胞增多.非寄生部位的组织及器官无明显病变.扫描电镜结果显示寄生部位的肠绒毛断裂或脱落,圆顶区的数量较对照组多,圆顶区滤泡相关上皮中M细胞的数量也较对照组多.研究证实,扩展莫尼茨绦虫感染可引起成年牦牛感染部位强烈的免疫细胞学反应,表明成年牦牛肠道黏膜的抗感染能力较强,故寄生虫对其致病作用较弱.     

钩藤碱在Caco-2细胞模型中吸收规律研究

目的 建立体外模拟体内肠道细胞——人结肠癌上皮细胞（the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line,Caco-2）的Transwell模型,以此研究钩藤碱在Caco-2细胞模型上的跨膜转运特征。方法 采用聚酯碳酸酯膜连续培养Caco-2细胞21 d,形成致密的单层细胞模型。然后对影响钩藤碱在Caco-2细胞模型上转运特征的因素(包括浓度、时间及跨膜转运蛋白P-糖蛋白)进行考察;同时采用液相色谱-质谱法对溶液中钩藤碱的含量进行测定。结果 钩藤碱在Millicell系统上的转运量具有一定的浓度-时间依赖性,主要以主动转运的方式进行吸收,且随着时间和药物浓度的增加,转运量明显增加。不同浓度钩藤碱从细胞基底侧（basolateral, BL）到细胞刷状缘侧（apical,AP）的表观渗透系数（apparent permeability coefficient, Papp）与AP侧到BL侧的Papp比值均在1.5以上,且钩藤碱从BL侧到AP侧的外排速率明显高于从AP侧到BL侧的吸收速率。当加入P-糖蛋白抑制剂后,药物由BL侧向AP侧的转运量显著减少,而由AP侧到BL侧的转运量显著增加。结论 钩藤碱在Caco-2细胞上转运存在一定的浓度及时间依赖性,且P-糖蛋白介导钩藤碱在Caco-2细胞上转运。     

血瘀证血细胞参数与血液流变学指标的相关性研究

观察５６例血瘀证患者（血瘀证组）及６０例正常人（对照组）的血细胞参数：平均红细胞体积（ＭＣＶ）、红细胞体积分配宽度（ＲＤＷ－ｃｖ）、平均血小板体积（ＭＰＶ）、血小板体积分配宽度（ＰＤＷ）及全血比粘度（ＢＶ）、红细胞变形能力（ＥＤ）、血小板聚集率（ＰＡＰ）、甲皱微循环速度（ＮＭＳ）。结果血瘀证组显著差异于对照组。相关分析表明：血瘀证组前４项指标与血液流变学呈直线相关性，探讨其内在联系，提示ＭＣＶ、ＲＤＷ－ｃｖ、ＭＰＶ、ＰＤＷ增高是血瘀证形成的红细胞与血小板形态学基础因素。     

抓住机遇，发挥优势，建设光伏大产业

太阳能光伏产业在世界和中国都迅猛增长，全世界的年均增长速度为30％以上，我们既要看到太阳能发电是清洁能源，又要看到制造太阳能电池片用的硅原料在生产过程中是高耗能、高污染，在发展太阳能光伏产业的过程中，要采取措施降低能耗、减少污染、提高纯度。桂林太阳能光伏产业，既要重视做大，上规模，更应当重视做强，掌握核心技术。做大做强的最终体现是降低成本，提高市场竞争力。     

Development of a one-tube extraction and amplification method for DNA analysis of sperm and epithelial cells recovered from forensic samples by laser microdissection

Laser microdissection can be used in forensic casework to isolate specific cell types from mixtures of biological samples. Extraction of DNA from selected cells is still required prior to STR amplification. Because of the relatively pristine nature of the recovered cells, laser microdissection is more sensitive than more traditional methods of DNA analysis, theoretically resulting in DNA profiles from less cellular material. A one-tube extraction and amplification method minimises loss of DNA through liquid transfers and reduces the potential for contamination events occurring. In this paper, the development of a one-tube method for the effective extraction of DNA from laser microdissected sperm and epithelial cells is described. The performance of the in-house method was compared to that of a commercial DNA extraction kit for extraction of DNA from sperm and the downstream compatibility with STR amplification was determined for both sperm and epithelial samples. Full Identifiler™ profiles after 28 amplification cycles were obtained from as few as 15 epithelial cells and 30 sperm.     

甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞DNA含量与死亡时间的相关性

目的探讨甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞平均DNA含量变化与死亡时间(PMI)的相关性。方法采用甲基绿-派洛宁(MG-P)染色法结合图像分析技术,测定尸体甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞平均DNA含量变化值,并对其数据进行统计学分析。结果甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞平均DNA含量随死后经过时间的延长而加速降解。平均DNA含量各指标(平均灰度、目标面积、目标面积比)与PMI之间的决定系数R2分别为0.960、0.987、0.988和0.990(P<0.001)。结论尸体甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞平均DNA含量与PMI之间具有明显相关性,甲基绿-派洛宁(MG-P)染色法结合图像分析技术测定在研究甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞DNA含量变化方面具有一定优势。     

毒害艾美球虫二次感染雏鸡外周血液免疫功能的变化

将180只14日龄雏鸡随机分为毒害艾美球虫(Eimeria necatrix)初次感染组、二次感染组和对照组,应用免疫SPA菌体花环、间接ELISA及细胞培养技术和四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)测定法对相关免疫学指标进行了检测,以研究毒害艾美球虫二次感染对雏鸡外周血液免疫功能变化的影响。结果显示,毒害艾美球虫二次感染雏鸡外周血液T、B淋巴细胞数量及其对ConA或PMA的增殖反应和血清IgG、IgM、IgA免疫球蛋白含量均不同程度地高于未感染毒害艾美球虫的对照组雏鸡。证实毒害艾美球虫二次感染雏鸡外周血液的细胞免疫和体液免疫功能均明显提高。     

大蒜素对卵巢癌细胞株HO8910生长的抑制作用

目的：观察大蒜素对卵巢癌细胞株HO8910的抑制作用。方法；用不同时间不同剂量大蒜素作用于HO8910，通过肿瘤细胞药敏试验。观察肿瘤细胞存活率，并通过透射电镜观察一定剂量的大蒜素作用于HO8910一定时间后，肿瘤细胞形态的改变。结果：50-100μg/ml大蒜素可显抑制肿瘤细胞的生长。且在作用2h时即出现显的抑制，随着作用时间的延长，抑制作用愈明显，72h害到高峰，透射电镜结果显示：50μg/ml的大蒜素作用HO891024h。细胞肿胀。细胞膜破碎，胞浆脱落。细胞核裸露；小剂量（25μg/ml)则HO8910呈现细胞凋亡样改变；细胞胞浆呈空泡，染色质边集，核仁固缩，胞质呈片状脱落。结论：大蒜素可显抑制HO8910的生长，且有明显的时间及剂量效应，大剂量的大蒜素对HO8910细胞呈直接杀伤作用。而小剂量则诱导细胞凋亡。     

鸡胚胎腺垂体促肾上腺皮质激素细胞的发生及其变化

为了研究鸡胚胎腺垂体促肾上腺皮质激素 (ACTH )细胞的发生及其在发育过程中的变化 ,分别在鸡胚胎发育的第 3.5～ 2 0 .5d采集鸡胚胎垂体 ,利用免疫组织化学方法对鸡胚胎腺垂体ACTH细胞的发生、数量和形态分布变化规律进行了研究。结果 ,鸡胚胎发育早期 (10 .5d)可观察到少量明显的ACTH细胞分布于腺垂体前叶 ,随着胚胎的发育 ,ACTH细胞的数量明显增多 ,分布于整个腺垂体前叶。早期ACTH细胞体积小、细胞浆少、细胞核较大、细胞界限不清 ,随着胚龄的增加 ,ACTH细胞体积增大、细胞浆增多、细胞浆浓染。结果证明 ,鸡胚胎腺垂体ACTH细胞发生于胚胎发育的中期 ,细胞的增殖和分化过程发生在胚胎发育的中期至出壳前 ,而ACTH细胞的分泌功能在胚胎后期最活跃