评析理性官僚制中行政人员的过程性管理

马克斯·韦伯理性官僚制中的人事行政管理活动是一个过程。这个过程由行政人员的选任，行政人员的定岗与培训，行政人员的日常管理三部分组成。每个部分都在理性官僚制这个大系统的影响下，形成了具有理性官僚制风格的独特内容。这种管理在保证行政人员训练有素完成各项工作，提高行政效率等方面具有积极意义，但是在满足行政人员自身的情感和需求，有效调动行政人员的积极性和主动性，充分挖掘行政人员的潜力等方面存在不足。     

Political Culture and the Study of Chinese Politics

It is both a truth and a truism that Chinese politics cannot be understood without reference to Chinese culture (a truth and truism that would apply to any other society as well). But within the academic discipline of political science political culture has lost status over the past generation as not conducive to the development of empirical political theory. The usual candidate for replacement is rational choice theory. But properly understood, political culture is compatible with rational choice, inasmuch as there is no single standard of rationality, but, rather, it will vary from society to society and era to era. Considerations of the cultural background are necessary to provide content to rational choice theory, since without consideration of culture context rational choice threatens to reduce to a set of colorless banalities.

论行政诉讼合理性审查的标准

我国的行政诉讼法只是粗线条、浅层次、轮廓式地规定了对行政行为的审查标准,这已经很不适应当前形势发展的需要,而且与国际上的通行理论和做法很不一致,差距较大。我们应该在合法性审查的基础上,借鉴国外先进理论和经验,发展合理性审查与合法性审查并行的行政诉讼审查标准理论,促进我国行政诉讼实践的进步。     

对“沉默权“与中国现实选择的理性思考

沉默权制度是一个典型的舶来品。在这一制度背后 ,自然渗透着西方的人文传统和价值观念。对沉默权的价值取向和制度功能进行探索和揭示 ,将有助于增加国人对这一制度的了解和把握 ,也是我们进行法律移植必须予以考虑的问题。本文正是从这个角度进行思考 ,通过对国内有关学者的不同观点分析 ,充分论证在我国确立沉默权规则的必要性与可行性 ,并结合现实国情提出了中国沉默权规则的完整的设计思路     

形式模型与国际关系研究

本文讨论了形式模型在国际关系中的应用,认为形式模型对国际关系研究能够产生助益,这主要体现在:通过明晰理论假设,使人们对结论的适用范围有清楚的认识;使研究人员能够对研究对象中涉及的机制进行清晰可靠的分析;通过模型序列,促进知识的积累;避免研究过程中的反复重新论证等等。在此基础上,本文沿着理性选择、集体选择和博弈论的发展线索对形式模型在国际关系领域的应用进行了讨论。     

Rational Choice,Agency and Thoughtfully Reflective Decision Making: The Short and Long-Term Consequences of Making Good Choices

Notions of human agency are a prominent part of some but not all criminological theories. For example, McCarthy (Annu Rev Sociol 28:417–442, 2002) argues that rational choice theory, which allows persons great involvement in decision making, is more congenial with notions of human agency than others. It would appear from his argument that rational choice theory offers fertile ground to develop a clearly defined role for human agency in criminal behavior. In this paper we have taken up McCarthy’s view and argue that an important part of what is human agency consists of thoughtfully reflective decision making. We outline four elements of thoughtfully reflective decision making, and claim that it is a characteristic that varies both across persons and within persons over time. It is in short the process by which good decisions are made because by using this process one increases the likelihood that choices made will be consistent with preferences. We develop a clear operational definition of thoughtfully reflective decision making and link it to the concept of human agency. We also articulate testable hypotheses about the short-term and longer-term implications of thoughtfully reflective decision making. We conclude with a discussion of what we think lies ahead for future conceptual and empirical work.

Selection Effects and Deterrence

The empirical question of how often deterrent threats issued during international disputes succeed has been hotly debated for years, with some researchers arguing that virtually no robust cases of success can be identified. I argue that what appears to be an empirical and methodological debate actually arises from the inadequacy of classical rational deterrence theory, which fails to comprehend the implications of states' strategic self-selection into international disputes. Rational self-selection is shown to imply that in a sample of crises, deterrent threats issued after an initial challenge will tend to fail in precisely those cases where they are relatively most credible signals of an intent to resist with force. The product of a selection effect, this paradoxical implication allows a resolution of the debate on the efficacy of deterrence in crises. And because selection effects can arise whenever a historical "case" is the product of choices by actors who also influence the outcome in question, this example from the study of deterrence has broad relevance for empirical research.     

经济学研究背景下的人学视野

在对人的理性和非理性的界定上,经济学离不开人学的思考。但是,从古典到新古典经济学对人性的假设有这样或那样的局限,只有到了马克思那里,经济学的研究才真正体现出对人的本质的关心,这包括了三方面的内容:对个体的只有全面发展的关注;致力于人的认识能力、实践能力和创新能力的提高;正确把握“以人为中心”与环境的关系。     

中国行政发展的文化战略研究

中国作为后发型国家,经历着工业化的过程,行政发展面临着深刻的困境和严峻的挑战。行政发展是一个艰巨而复杂的系统工程,文化战略的设计更为关键和困难。通过对中国行政发展进行文化战略分析、战略选择和战略实施,采取阶段创新的文化战略,有助于推进中国行政发展。     

欧盟制度运作的理性选择制度主义分析

当今的欧盟具有多层面、多中心的制度体系,为区域一体化提供了富于启示的制度建设样板。在欧洲制度研究中,作为新制度主义三大主要流派之一的理性选择制度主义是运用最为广泛的一个研究路径。理性选择制度主义将制度界定为一种正式的规则,以偏向于经济理性主义的方法分析欧盟制度的设计和运作,其独特的理论内涵和解释优势进一步丰富了欧洲一体化理论,也引发了学术界的广泛关注和探讨。