理论内涵与规范功能——民法典法人定义之解析与建议

法人定义涵纳了法人本质、团体性特征等重要理论问题,并具有标示立法政策、提供法人判断标准等规范功能。民法典应摒弃传统法人定义,修正发展“有机体说”作为法人本质理论,将法人“团体性”定位为“人与财产的有机结合体”,以“权利能力”揭示法人人格的伦理和法技术基础,并以新法人定义确立法人登记的同时辅之司法确认审查法人资格的新机制。     

新形势下公安宣传工作新认识

公安宣传工作是公安工作的重要组成部分,关系到公安工作和队伍建设的全局。应该根据当前公安宣传工作面临的新形势,分析公安宣传工作存在的问题,探寻公安宣传工作新思路和对策,以树立良好警察形象。     

民营化:消防管理体制改革的一种路径

城乡二元对立结构基础上的乡村巨变、消防事务治理结构内在的可分解性以及公共部门消防服务供给能力的不足,使得消防事务的民营化具有客观必要性。我国消防服务民营化改革宜采取通行的合同承包方式,通过委托民营部门生产部分消防服务实现,政府角色向事前决策者和事后监管者的嬗变,从而在维系政府公共责任的前提下向全社会公平地供给消防服务。     

我国个人所得税法律制度的重构——基于个人所得税的功能分析

税收兼具财政收入与社会宏观调控二重功能,个人所得税也是如此.在现阶段,社会宏观调控功能应在个人所得税制中居于优位;但是,我国现行的个人所得税法律制度与这一价值目标的背离.重构我国的个人所得税法律制度,就是社会宏观调控功能由"抑制"状态到"回复"状态的过程.     

(Non)Regulable avoidance and the perils of punishment

Efforts to avoid punishment are generally deemed undesirable and therefore punished or otherwise regulated. In reality, however, not all avoidance efforts are punishable or regulable, at least not to the same degree. For practical or sometimes constitutional reasons, certain efforts to avoid punishment, such as non-creation of incrementing evidence or zealous criminal litigation, are non-punishable. This paper examines whether and under what conditions it is wise to deter avoidance efforts in a setting with multiple avoidance activities, some of which are non-regulable/punishable. The main results of this paper are that deterring certain avoidance activities does not necessarily: (i) decrease the extent to which offenders engage in avoidance activities; and (ii) more importantly, improve deterrence of the principal crimes. Normatively, then, it might be better to let certain punishable avoidance activities go unpunished or, more surprisingly, even to subsidize them. This calls into question recent responses by lawmakers after evidentiary fouls, such as those at Enron, WorldCom and HealthSouth, to stiffen penalties for obstruction of justice.

美国诊所法律教育精神在中国的本土化解读

诊所法律教育在美国1960年代兴起,发展到现在已深深地扎根于美国的法学教育制度中,并为美国的正义法律事业作出了杰出的贡献,它的精神在于通过法学教育培养合格的法律人和实现法律人的将对人类的苦难不能遏制的同情心转化为帮助苦难人们的法律事业的愿望。20世纪末,中国的部分法学院在美国福特基金会的鼎力资助下,开始了中国的诊所法律教育的事业历程,这一历程既是美国诊所法律教育在中国的本土化,也是对诊所法律教育精神的解读。     

金融危机以来的欧盟银行法变革:立法修正与经验借鉴

金融危机再一次暴露了欧盟银行业法制的软肋。后危机时代,欧盟分别对金融监管体系、存款保险计划和资本需求三个方面立法进行了全面修正。修正以恢复金融系统稳定作为首要目标,以巴塞尔新资本协议为蓝本,将目标监管这一国际先进监管理念和宏观审慎监管措施纳入欧盟法,增强了欧盟银行业抵御系统性风险的能力,推进了欧盟银行监管一体化进程。危机后欧盟银行法的路径选择启示着中国加强系统性风险管理和宏观审慎立法的紧迫性。存款保险制度应尽快建立,巴塞尔协议标准也需认真采纳,以增强中国金融监管立法的前瞻性。     

The New Punitive Regulation

There is now some evidence of a potential drift towards 'punitive' approaches to regulation in which greater emphasis is placed on criminal sanctions. This new enthusiasm for punishment can be seen in government policy, legislation and some regulators' public stances. There is evidence, however, that companies (even top ones) deal with punitive regulatory risks in a confused manner and that even when they do act rationally, this may not lead to compliance. One response to punitive approaches and their limitations is to move towards greater reliance on stimulating the self-regulatory capacities of corporations. Such stimulation, however, has to be carried out with an awareness of the dangers of self-regulation – notably that it may lead to controls that lack legitimacy, prove unfair and are exclusive and inefficient.     

刑事证人证言认证规则刍议

证人证言是刑事诉讼中运用最普遍、最复杂的证据种类之一,对其认证需要证据规则的指导。我国刑事立法中应建立刑事证人证言的认证规则:优先证言规则、补强证言规则。     

试论“命案必破”防误体系的构建

有些人误认为公安部提出“命案必破”就是强调破案率，就是承诺100％的破案，就是宁可错究也不可错放，结果急功近利、造成冤假错案，从而对“命案必破”提出了质疑和否定。究其原因，主要是对“命案必破”理解把握不准所致，只有正确把握和应用好“命案必破”这把“双刃剑”，才能发挥和挖掘其应有的最大价值。