国内学界的网格化管理研究:回顾、反思与展望

近年来,网格化管理不仅是地方实践热点,也是我国学术研究热点之一。基于对既有文献的回顾可以发现:网格化管理实践逐渐走上了管理与服务并重的发展轨道,并已成为国家治理基层社会的重要政策工具;随着实践的发展,网格化管理研究主题不断被扩展与细化,研究话语逐渐从管理话语体系转向了治理话语体系,研究议题的设置深受地方实践与国家政策话语的影响;作为一种行政主导下的社会管理创新实践,网格化管理虽然在权力下沉、资源整合、清晰化治理、精准化服务等方面具有优势,但其强烈的技术化与行政化属性,不仅不利于社区自治力量的成长,而且还暗含着基层治理的"内卷化"风险;网格化治理与网络化治理是当前学界重点讨论的议题。在未来的研究中,应综合运用规范与实证、定性与定量等研究方法,从理论与经验层面进行全方位学理分析,以期能够用丰富的经验材料与事实证据讲好中国基层治理故事,最终生产出能够指导社会发展的新知识。     

Applying frame analysis and reframing for integrated conservation and development: example from Mumbai

The way we frame a given problem structures the content that is brought into focus and thus the kinds of practical steps seen as necessary to alleviate it. This article interrogates two competing partial framings implicated in ongoing controversy over mangrove destruction in Vikhroli East, Mumbai, which have precluded integrated conservation and development. The article analyses the content of each particular framing, identifies their respective “blind spots”, and evaluates the validity of various frame components. It concludes with an exemplary alternative reframing arguably more conducive to social justice and sustainability in Vikhroli East and beyond.     

An analysis of well-being in urban Nigeria

Improving the well-being of Nigerians is the aim of Nigeria Vision 20:2020, the key development policy document in Nigeria. However, as well-being is an emerging and contested concept, this article explores how the well-being of urban citizens is understood in Nigeria, and identifies key trends affecting urban well-being as expressed by a selection of strategic elite stakeholders in Nigerian society. These included senior civil servants and politicians, and various senior members of civil society groups and academia. The analysis also reveals characteristics underpinning policies for urban well-being.     

Gender equality needs critical consideration in conflict-affected settings

The World Bank's 2012 World Development Report calls for gender equality on a global level but falls short on its analysis of conflict-affected contexts. It is critical that we understand the needs of vulnerable populations in these settings. This viewpoint draws on findings from research in health reform in conflict-affected contexts to highlight some opportunities and challenges for addressing gender equality in these settings, using the policy priorities outlined in the World Bank report. Drawing on this analysis we argue that more attention and action should be focused on addressing gender inequalities and inequities in neglected conflict-affected states.     

政策性与公益性:中部农村的双层治理结构与逻辑

村组两级组织分别建立在熟人社会-半熟人社会的社会基础之上,承担着政策性和公益性两种不同的治理功能。村级组织遵循现代公共规则和生活逻辑,通过内化自己人和精英吸纳与角色规约机制实现治理;而村民小组主要遵循生活逻辑,通过内化自己人的机制实施治理。     

An optional European contract law code: Advantages and disadvantages

Should the EU introduce an Optional European Contract Law Code and what should it look like? By applying economic theories of federalism and regulatory competition (legal federalism), it is shown why an Optional Code would be a very suitable legal instrument within a two-level European System of Contract Laws. By allowing private parties’ choice of law to a certain extent, it can combine the most important advantages of centralisation and decentralisation of competences for legal rules. Through differentiated analyses of three kinds of contract law rules (mandatory substantive rules, mandatory information rules and facilitative law), important conclusions can be reached: which kinds of contract law rules are most suitable to be applied on an optional basis (e.g. facilitative law) and which might be less so (e.g. a core of information regulations). Furthermore a number of additional general conclusions about the design and scope of an Optional EU Code and some conclusions in regard to sales law are derived.     

发达国家的流域水污染公共治理机制及其启示

发达国家在治理流域水污染过程中形成五种机制。借鉴发达国家流域水污染治理机制,汲取其成功经验,对于深化我国流域管理体制改革,完善流域水污染治理机制,提高流域水污染治理的效益具有重要的意义。     

构建和谐社会视角下的政府能力及其提升

构建社会主义和谐社会对政府能力提出了新的要求,政府要发挥在构建社会主义和谐社会中的主导作用,必须具备包括维护公平与正义的社会平衡能力等在内的一系列能力。政府有效提升其能力的基本途径包括:确立以人为本的政府管理理念、建设公共服务型政府、建立健全政府管理机制、提高公务员的能力和素质。     

Current developments in Open Source Software

Open Source Software (OSS) has hit the mainstream in recent years and its scope is set to increase. Best seen as a range of associated licensing techniques, there are many different types of OSS licences. Coupled with a lack of settled case law and rapidly developing market practice, legal interpretation of the OSS world presents challenges to lawyers. Of the ‘top 20’ OSS licences, the GPL is the most commonly used and among the most radical in legal effect. The GPL's legal radicalism centres on its Article 2(b) concept of ‘copyleft’. Copyleft is an inheritance requirement to pass on the GPL's terms to other software that ‘contains’ or is ‘derived from’ the initially used GPL software. I illustrations of Article 2(b) issues from the Linux and Java worlds are provided. Current case law (such as it is) is then overviewed. Finally, contractual and policy implications of OSS governance are then reviewed as the increasing uptake of OSS in the organisation is mirrored in the growing importance of OSS governance.     

规范村规民约 依法治理滨海新区新农村——从对滨海新区核心区塘沽农村的调查谈起

村规民约在社会秩序的构建中发挥了重要作用,是一项有中国特色的法律文化传统。认真分析研究村规民约,有利于进一步了解、熟悉滨海新区农村的乡民社会,有利于构建和谐乡村社会的法治环境,有利于加强党在农村基层的执政能力建设。在建设社会主义新农村的进程中,必须不断改革与完善村规民约,在规范村规民约的基础上推进依法治村。