社会主义市场经济文化的界定

随着社会主义市场经济体制的建立,市场经济文化体现出新的内容,表现出新的特征,体现着时代发展的必然性,为我国理论界对经济文化研究打开了新视角。社会主义市场经济文化主要应包括:社会主义市场经济思想观念文化;社会主义市场经济行为文化;社会主义市场经济制度文化和社会主义市场经济伦理文化四个方面的内容。     

着力营造回族—穆斯林文化氛围——宁夏发展内陆开放型经济的一个视角

努力营造浓郁的回族—穆斯林文化氛围,是宁夏发展内陆开放型经济,把宁夏打造成中国面向穆斯林国家的经济文化交流中心的基础性工程,对于突出鲜明的回族特色和增强世界穆斯林国家的认同感有重要作用。为此,应当以显性化、普遍化、规模化、日常化为原则,以具有可视性的外在表现形式或载体为着力点,采取有力措施,从建筑风格、服装服饰、饮食居住、艺术文化、节日文化、文字语言等方面努力加强建设。     

中国传统官本位思想生发的文化生态根源

官本位思想是中国传统政治文化和政治实践的集中体现:农耕社会对权威的服从是官本位思想滋生繁衍的社会生活基础;血缘宗法制度和家国一体的社会结构进一步固化了社会尊卑等级关系;以等级特权为核心的官僚体制为官本位思想提供了体制上的安排和制度上的保障;官僚阶层对社会政治、经济资源的垄断和控制,形成了凭借官职等级控制、支配社会资源的利益驱动和价值导向;科举制度把社会各阶层特别是社会精英阶层的价值取向引导到追求功名利禄上来;中国传统文化对礼治的尊崇为官本位思想的发展提供了理论基石。     

现代传媒与监狱文化建设

现代传媒的充分利用是推动监狱文化建设的重要手段,对这一课题进行深入的理性思考和规范设计具有重要意义。社会与时代的发展要求我们对监狱文化进行全面的创新与提升,充分利用现代传媒的力量推动监狱文化的创新与提升可以收到事半功倍的效果。我们可以利用现代传媒改变监狱人民警察信息不对称现状,更新观念,拓展视野,倡导和贯彻科学精神;发挥现代媒体的开发功能,利用现代媒体宣介监狱,树立监狱良好的社会公众形象;利用现代传媒吸引和调动社会资源为监狱工作服务;利用现代传媒搭建监狱工作的信息平台;利用现代传媒扩大对外交流。     

The Death of Freddie Gray and Its Impact on Homicides in Baltimore and Maryland

This study evaluated the impact that Freddie Gray’s death on April, 19, 2015, had on homicides within Baltimore, Prince George’s County, and the rest of Maryland. The numbers of these deaths were compared in the 2 years prior and after his death. The average number of homicide per month in Baltimore and Prince George’s County, but not the rest of Maryland, showed a statistically significant increase in the 2 years after his death, with a sudden spike in homicides in Baltimore immediately following his death. Spatial density (“heat”) maps of homicides showed an increase in clustering of deaths after Freddie Gray’s demise in portions of Baltimore, particularly near his arrest site. Hot spot maps showed a massive expansion of statistically significant clusters of homicides in areas of West and East Baltimore after his death. An emerging hot spot analysis revealed consecutive hot spots in large areas of West Baltimore with new hot spots prominent along the southern edge of this area. A review of the history of Baltimore, as well as discussions with Baltimore homicide detectives, revealed that prior socioeconomic and political trends likely primed Baltimore for the protests and violence that occurred after Freddie Gray’s death. It is probable that a perceived “overcharging” of officers involved in his death by the State’s Attorney resulted in a “pullback” from policing that directly led to increased homicides in Baltimore.     

坚持网络舆论正确导向的路径分析

导向是舆论的根本性问题。坚持网络舆论的正确导向,就是要始终坚持舆论的社会主义方向,弘扬主旋律,传播正能量。实践中仍有一些因素影响着网络舆论的正确导向,因此应进一步加深对网络舆论正确导向的认识,依法加强网络空间治理,构建以中央主要媒体为主导的主流舆论格局,大力提高网民的媒介素养。     

Making sense of communitarianism: the Bolivian experience

In Bolivia, the state and society is undergoing radical transformations. The indigenous movements have revitalised traditions such as communitarianism, and ‘communitarian development’ has come to the forefront of Bolivian politics. The aim of this article is to identify what communitarian development means in the Bolivian context; how it is conceived and how it is practiced. I examine how communitarian development is conceptualised in the Aymara indigenous movement and in policy documents, and analyse what communitarianism might mean to people who uphold such values. I identify and discuss five different but intertwined significations; communitarian economy, communitarian work, communitarian management, communitarian law and communitarian values. I show that Bolivian communitarianism contains conceptualisations of cultural phenomena, which emerge at the nexus of experiences and expectations for the future, and argue that, despite tensions and pitfalls, communitarian development has the potential to increase indigenous wellbeing and agency and to contribute to a more nuanced understanding of what communitarianism is, or could be.     

Average,normal, and beautiful: representations of bodies in Brazilian biotypology (1930-1940)

Th present article deals with the visual culture present in the books and textbooks on biotypology in Brazil, in the 1930s and 1940s. It analyses the representations of bodies in images, all of which were employed to guide people on the reasoning and practices of bodily measurement and classification according to the main biotypology approaches. Images herein discussed expressed the following scientific modus operandi of biotypology in Brazil: anthropometry, biometry and the construction of an average body; categorisation of biotypes, physical culture and classic aesthetic; and the link between normality, beauty and moral conceptions applied to women’s body features. This analysis also seeks to shed light on some of the ways in which biotypology strayed from and was consistent with eugenic discourse in Brazil. The representation of bodies in Brazilian biotypology showed the efforts to construct normal and deviant bodies defined according to ideals of national and racial identity, perfection, symmetry, harmony, goodness, fairness, femininity and beauty.     

论公共理性及其生成——一个公民文化的视角

理性多元化是现代民主社会的既成事实,以能为理性公众都可以接受的方式,消解理性多元化造成的社会分裂和冲突的社会场景下,公共理性呼之欲出。我们认为公共理性不是理性的公共运用,而是从私人理性中生长出来的,是公民理性的一种重叠和交叉及其运用。基于对公共理性的这种理解,我们认为公共理性何以可能的条件寓于公民文化之中。     

Homeless Youth Seeking Health and Life-Meaning Through Popular Culture and the Arts

This pilot study demonstrates the roles of popular culture, media and the arts in the health and self-esteem of homeless youth. Reflecting focus group findings from a representative sample of street and sheltered youth, this article provides a qualitative assessment of what they advocated as an effective intervention that would promote the receipt of health services within their vulnerable community. Unlike alienating disease models where adverse health behaviors and outcomes determine intervention success or failure, a culturally-sensitive approach which provided skills mentoring and engaged the youth as health advocates seemed likely to produce important recovery incentives and enhanced health outcomes.