论阐明权的界限

规范阐明权的核心问题之一就是明确阐明权在民事诉讼中的适用范围,在我国阐明权的界限应当如下第一,对于大部分民商事案件,都应当适用阐明权;但是,对有关身份关系的诉讼、有关公益的诉讼、特别程序案件不适用阐明权。第二,阐明权适用的诉讼事项主要应是实体事项或者可以决定实体权利归属的程序事项。第三,阐明权适用于当事人,当事人的诉讼代理人,特殊情形下的案外人,以及有权启动再审程序的人。第四,阐明权的基准时通常应当是言词辩论终结时。     

浅论政府对投资风险产业的政策取向

由于风险投资产业在经济发展中所起的作用日益突出,政府有必要在政策上对他们予以扶持。本文从创造有效竞争的制度环境,建立高效率的价格管理体制,注意产业的整体规划和协调发展等几方面论述了政府应起的作用。     

经济法的价值取向和基本原则

经济法作为国家协调社会经济的基本法律 ,其价值取向体现在 ,经济法追求的一般价值取向———实质正义和社会公正。经济法直接将维护社会经济总体效益作为自己追求的目标和遵循的原则 ,这是经济法价值取向的独到之处 ,以人性的全面实现和人的全面发展为最终价值目标。经济法的三大原则 ,简明地表达了经济法的价值取向。     

论民事起诉权

民事起诉权是当事人一项重要的诉讼权利,是公民的基本权利在民事诉讼领域的重要体现。它具有启动民事诉讼程序、维护当事人合法权益、制约法院审判权的滥用等多方面的功能。我国现行的一些制度诸如起诉和受理制度等对于民事起诉权的保障还存在许多不足,有待于进一步完善。     

论弱势群体的社会经济权利

弱势群体是现实社会的客观存在。处于社会弱势地位的人群并不是社会的弃儿,他们同样是社会共同体的平等成员。对弱势群体权利的关注和保障,奠基于基本的社会价值和人性立场。在诸多权利中,对于弱势群体而言,最重要、最具实质性的是社会经济权利。     

浅谈村民自治进程中的干群关系

村民自治作为一种直接的民主形式 ,是现阶段中国农村社会的基本政治制度。干群关系作为维系农村社会的基础 ,是推进村民自治进程的关键。正确认识村民自治进程中干群关系出现的新变化 ,并且采取切实有效的措施加以改善和发展 ,不仅是农村社会稳定和发展的基础 ,更是推进民主政治建设 ,开创农村工作新局面的重要保证。     

Data Protection: An Opening Door?

Swedish public law has incorporated a general rule of public access to documents, and to information in the wider sense, since the Freedom of the Press Act of 1766. On the Community level, the relationship between Regulation (EC) 45/2001 on data protection and Regulation (EC) 1049/2001 on public access to documents exemplifies the tension between the public's interest in scrutinising the administration carried on in its name, and the integrity of the individual. However, a similar tension exists between Sweden's Personal Data Act of 1998, implementing Directive 95/46, and the Freedom of the Press Act. A misuse model of data protection law, by seeking to concentrate on serious rather than technical infringements of privacy, might serve to ease the tension. The views expressed in this article are solely those of the author and are not attributable to any Community institution. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Managing commercial risks in open source software licensing

Legal context: The article reviews the commercial risk allocation clauses intypical open source licence terms and discusses their enforceabilityand implications. Key points: The enforceability of warranty disclaimers and limitation ofliability clauses in common open source licence terms is questionable,particularly in a cross-border context, and commercial licensorsshould take additional steps to protect themselves from down-streamrisks. Practical significance: Open source software presents a number of unusual commercialissues, because it is available free of charge and the providerstry to disclaim warranties and liabilities. End users and resellershave to adjust their own in- and out-licensing models to accommodatethis situation.     

Four Lessons for Developing Countries from the Trade Negotiations Over Access to Medicines

After the Agreement on the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) came into operation in 1995 developing countries have found themselves in a process of continual negotiation over intellectual property rights and access to medicines. These negotiations have taken place in the World Trade Organization and in the context of free trade agreements. The paper suggests that the only real win for developing countries has been the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health in 2001. What have been the lessons for developing countries in a decade of negotiations over access to medicines? Drawing on themes of rule complexity and regulatory ritualism the paper discusses four key lessons for developing countries. It concludes by arguing that developing countries will do better if they adopt a networked governance approach to negotiation rather than continuing to rely on traditional coalition formation.     

转变治理理念 构建和谐社区——试析社区治理中的居民参与问题

社区治理的主体既包括政府部门,也包括社区自治组织和居民个人。在以往的社区治理模式中,都过分强调政府的作用而忽视了居民个人对社区公共政策的参与,这就造成了当前我国城市社区中居民参与水平低下、参与机制缺乏的状况。因此,采取积极稳妥的政策措施,转变政府治理理念,改进治理模式,全面理顺政府与社区关系,为居民参与社区治理创造有利条件,大力构建和谐有效的社区治理体系乃是当务之急。