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111.
刘小康 《上海行政学院学报》2008,9(6):45-52
本文首先概括了当代中国公共服务实践中存在的诸多“怪相”,并把“怪相”归为公共服务需求、供给和结果三类问题,而问题的根源在于公共服务体制缺陷。然后,从公共服务过程的角度,提出公共服务全程评估的概念,即对公共服务需求一供给一结果整个过程的评估,并认为公共服务全程评估,是既定公共服务体制下的一种可行的公共服务改革策略,也是改善公共服务的一种机制保障。 相似文献
112.
立法后评估是衡量或检验一部立法质量高低的基本制度.因立法后评估具有重要的制度功能和意义,其可操作性的理论设计较为详备,以及对一些前沿性理论和制度的容纳,使得该制度“看上去很美”.然而,可靠性与有效性是立法后评估走向“实际很有效”必须面对的两个问题.尽管汪全胜教授等所著《立法后评估研究》对立法后评估的基础理论及如何操作进行系统论述,但没有从理论上有力解答评估的可靠性与有效性问题,尤其是如何保证评估信息的可靠与评估回应的有效.立法后评估实践中出现的一些不良现象也表明我们对可靠性与有效性的担忧是有道理的.对此,可通过重构评估主体模式以及改进评估方法和技术等方式,来增进立法后评估的可靠性与有效性. 相似文献
113.
新型农村社会养老保险政策评估——基于土地流转制度背景下的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
面对人口老龄化加剧、劳动力乡城流动、土地流转加速、土地养老功能弱化、农村养老需求增长的严峻局势和新农保试点扩面迅速推进的整体性战略规划,以公共政策评估和政策外部性理论为基础,从政策执行主体、政策服务对象的双重视角评估土地流转制度背景下新型农村社会养老保险政策执行状况和实施效果,通过对东、中、西部新农保试点地区的实态调查,分别获取基层政府工作人员、新农保经办机构人员、农村常住居民三类群体共2779份有效问卷,综合运用描述性统计和通径分析方法,进一步探寻改善政策效果的有效路径。研究结果表明:政府一定程度存在职能缺位、越位,立法、财政、监管责任缺失等问题,而广大农民未能将土地流转潜在养老保障功能与新农保统筹考量,使政策难以达到预期目标,可通过发挥政府主导作用、增强农民土地流转意识、提升经办机构服务能力、有效整合养老政策等具体对策,进一步促进土地流转、提高新农保参保意愿、改善政策执行与实施效果。 相似文献
114.
随着现代生物技术的迅速发展,转基因生物安全立法越来越引起我国政府的重视。中国作为发展利用转基因技术及其产物的大国,不仅有义务去保护转基因生物安全,而且也有必要为转基因生物安全利益负责。目前,中国虽然制定了一些关于转基因生物安全的法规,但是就整体而言,这些法规无法从根本上满足转基因生物安全管理的需要。参考和借鉴国际和国外转基因生物安全立法,建立与时俱进而又适合中国国情的转基因生物安全立法,对于维护中国的政治与经济稳定,保障人类健康和生态安全,有着积极而重要的意义。 相似文献
115.
本文在对新疆地区非法宗教活动进行梳理的基础上,着力分析了非法宗教活动对新疆地区主流文化安全的威胁与破坏,把脉影响新疆稳定安全的重大现实问题,旨在引起高度重视,有效加以应对,维护边疆稳定与国家安全。 相似文献
116.
《Science & justice》2023,63(4):500-508
An inexpensive, commercially available doped strontium aluminate phosphor with long-lived afterglow has been prepared and assessed in the role of a luminescent fingerprint dusting powder. Blue, green, and aqua phosphorescence persisting for ca. 30 s was obtainable from treated fingermarks after charging the powders with the white light (400–700 nm) setting of a forensic light source. Imaging the phosphorescent afterglow enabled the elimination of background emissions encountered during latent fingermark examination. This was demonstrated by visualising fingermarks on substrates that possess inbuilt fluorescent security features and highly patterned substrate backgrounds, without any need for bespoke scientific equipment. 相似文献
117.
《Science & justice》2023,63(4):509-516
Knowledge of the number of fibres transferred during a particular activity is essential for the interpretation of findings in similar criminal cases. In this regard, violent contacts and physical assaults still present a challenge, due to a lack of robust published data. Hereby, we present the outcome of an empirical study where different assault activities were simulated by a Jiu Jitsu team and participants were asked to play either the role of an aggressive ‘assailant’ or a defensive ‘victim’, wearing cotton garments (i.e., Gi’s). Four different scenarios were simulated in replicates (n = 5), each of them involving different intensity levels (low and high) and duration times (30 and 60 s). Results showed that approximately 1,000 to 44,000 fibres were cross-transferred between the participants’ garments, with noticeable differences between the different scenarios. These values were significantly larger than those published in previous studies and, therefore, suggested the possibility of a current underestimation of the number of fibres transferred in physical assaults. Furthermore, statistical analysis by ANOVA indicated that the all the variables tested (i.e., intensity level, duration time, and participants role) had a significant effect on the number of transferred fibres (p < 0.001) and, consequently, that some knowledge of the case circumstances may be important to make more educated estimations. This is the first time that such a methodology has been applied for the quantitative assessment of fibre transfer between participants in assault activities. Data are expected to help practitioners with the interpretation of findings in real casework and lead to a more robust evidential assessment. 相似文献
118.
Multi-partner consortia have emerged as an important modality for knowledge generation to address complex sustainability challenges. Establishing effective multi-partner consortia involves significant investment. This article shares lessons from the Collaborative Adaptation Research Initiative in Africa and Asia (CARIAA), which aims to support policy and practice for climate change adaptation through a consortium model. Key lessons include the need to facilitate collaborative spaces to build trust and identify common interests, while accepting that this is not a guarantee of success; the importance of programmatic leadership to achieve synthesis; and the value of strategic planning in supporting motivation and alignment between partners. 相似文献
119.
This practical note highlights lessons learnt during the data collection of two large field surveys as part of the ongoing “Sindh Union Council and Economic Strengthening Support” (SUCCESS) programme in southern Pakistan. The experience is discussed in terms of language barriers, the educational status of households, dealing with people’s expectations and non-cooperation, and the weather conditions. The note also highlights the practice of public sharing of data in real-time to improve the design and implementation of future surveys, especially those measuring poverty and quality of life. 相似文献
120.
Jonathan Holslag 《The international spectator : a quarterly journal of the Istituto affari internazionali》2017,52(1):46-60
For all the promises of mutually beneficial cooperation, Chinese policy documents about the New Silk Road, also called ‘One Belt, One Road’, mostly testify to a strong ambition to unlock foreign markets and support domestic firms in taking on foreign competitors. This confirms China’s shift from defensive mercantilism, which aims to protect the home market, towards offensive mercantilism, which seeks to gain market shares abroad. In a context of global economic stagnation, this comes as a major challenge to Europe. As China’s market share grows spectacularly in countries along the New Silk Road, key European member states have both lost market shares and even seen their exports shrink in absolute terms. 相似文献