我国食品安全监管问题研究

食品安全问题成为我国政府十分关注的重大问题。我国食品安全监管现状和监管中存在很多问题。借鉴国外先进监管经验,加强我国的食品安全监管,必须做到：改革现有的监管体制,建立完善的食品安全监管体系;改革现有的市场准入制度、实施食品卫生监督量化分级管理制度、推行良好生产规范（GMP）管理和危险分析关键控制点技术（HACCP）管理体系;完善食品安全法律法规、安全标准、检验检测体系;建立从农田到餐桌全过程监督制度,确保人们吃到安全放心食品。     

我国食品安全监管之检讨

我国食品安全立法体系已经初步建立,但仍然存在法律规范之间不够协调等问题,需要尽快完成《食品安全法》配套法规的制定,修改不符合《食品安全法》要求的现行法规。《食品安全法》确立的“分段监管为主,品种监管为辅”的监管模式符合我国国情,是合理的选择,但各监管机构之间应当加强协调与配合。我国的食品安全监管制度与措施较为严密,但应当注重科学在监管工作中的运用。     

India 2025: the public distribution system and National Food Security Act 2013

The Government of India introduced the National Food Security Act (NFSA) 2013 to strengthen the public distribution system (PDS) in India. Extending the PDS service network is a contentious issue, especially for India’s rural regions. This article aims to estimate the level of expansion of the PDS network, additional food grain requirement, and increased storage facilities required to serve the growing population of India up to 2025. The statistical analysis highlights the need for significant changes in the PDS to meet NFSA, and the findings can aid policy-makers to design a more robust PDS.     

Mobilising faith-based and lay leaders to address antenatal care outcomes in northern Ghana

ABSTRACT

Despite the benefits of antenatal care, evidence from sub-Saharan Africa suggests that women often initiate these services after the first trimester of pregnancy and do not complete the recommended number of visits. This study examines the impact of mobilising faith-based and lay leaders to address the socio-cultural barriers to antenatal care uptake in northern Ghana in the context of a broader child survival project. A quasi-experimental design was used, and data were analysed using a difference-in-differences approach. The results presented in this article indicate the potential for faith-based and lay leaders to promote uptake of maternal and child health behaviours.     

New Public Management Reforms in the Italian Universities: Managerial Tools,Accountability Mechanisms or Simply Compliance?

Since 2009, a cross-sectorial reform based on the New Public Management (NPM) principles introduced a performance management system in Italian universities. On the basis of the analysis of the documents regarding the performance management system produced by 60 public Italian universities as a result of the reform implementation, the paper investigates the performance management tools in relation to both completeness and use of them. The analysis highlights that the universities have implemented performance management tools in an unstructured and nonhomogeneous way. This allows formulation of hypotheses on the main determinants of this unsatisfactory result.     

What are the strategic and economic implications for South Asia of China's Maritime Silk Road initiative?

This article focuses on South Asia's role in China's Maritime Silk Road (MSR) initiative. Given the saliency of this MSR enterprise as part of ChinesePresident Xi Jinping’s “One-Belt-One-Road” strategy, how this ambitious scheme impacts China’s relations with South Asian states along the MSR’s route, i.e. India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives and Bangladesh, merits investigation. The fate of the MSR will be determined by China’s relations with these states, since South Asia is in the middle of major sea-lanes between East/Southeast Asia and Middle East/Europe. The study examines the intentions and executions of China’s MSR projects in South Asia, evaluates the political and economic calculations of participating in the MSR for regional states, and identifies actions taken by them that can decide the initiative’s success. Politically, reactions of South Asian states to the MSR are explained as: fear of expanding Chinese influence in the Indian Ocean for India; and attempts by which Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives and Bangladesh use China to counteract possible domination by India. Economically, two MSR pathways for South Asian states are analyzed: increases in Chinese infrastructure investments; and expansion in South Asia-China trade; both of which are reducible by loans owed to China, or “strings”/conditions attached.     

Follow-up study of improved cookstoves in the Cuzco region of Peru

Approximately three billion people use traditional biomass cookstoves. These stoves contribute to indoor air pollution, notably affecting women and children, and to deforestation and climate change. Improved cookstoves have been offered as a solution, but low rates of adoption are common among stove programmes. This paper is a follow-up study of a stove programme run by the NGO Proworld Service Corps in Cuzco, Peru. A survey was administered in 43 households in three communities. The results indicate an adoption rate of 70% and identify the characteristics of the stoves that contribute to their adoption and sustained use.     

中国经略周边的机制化路径探析——以中缅经济走廊为例

在美国的战略压力下,周边国家对于中国崛起的重要性越来越凸显,经略周边也成为中国崛起的重要战略支撑。中美战略竞争的阶段性与中国和周边国家关系的密切程度,影响着中国经略周边的模式和路径。在现阶段,中国经略周边的机制化路径能够统合中国有限的外交资源,借助机制激励、约束及塑造等功能提升中国经略周边的质量和成果,维持在周边部分国家已经取得的优势地位。本文以中缅经济走廊建设为案例,从中国经略周边的机制化视角分析其对提升中缅两国内在合作动力、维持中国在缅甸影响力优势地位的重要性和可行性,进而就中缅经济走廊机制化建设可能面临的问题和挑战提出若干对策。     

孟加拉国参与“一带一路”倡议:利益与问题

2007年全球金融危机爆发之后,中国和世界经济增长放缓。为此,中国提出了对外开放的宏大战略。这一战略的核心是丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路,即后来的"一带一路"倡议。"一带一路"倡议是真正意义上的全球合作,其影响远远超出了中国的范围。孟加拉国是孟中印缅经济走廊的一部分,孟中印缅经济走廊被列入"一带一路"倡议下的六大经济走廊之一。从孟加拉国的角度分析参与"一带一路"倡议的利益所在,并讨论孟加拉国在孟中印缅经济走廊中的作用,对研究"一带一路"倡议如何影响孟加拉国具有重要意义。另外,也需要从孟加拉国的角度审视"一带一路"倡议中提出的"五通",重点分析"一带一路"倡议可能面临的挑战,从孟加拉国的角度提出中国回应挑战的建议,为推动未来的相关研究提出若干建议。     

中国特色大国外交的传承与创新:命运共同体的视角

新中国成立70年来,中国外交经历了革命外交、经济外交、和谐世界外交到命运共同体外交等不同时期,这一过程同时也显示了从道义共同体、利益共同体、区域发展共同体到人类命运共同体的逻辑发展。党的十八大以来,中国特色大国外交全面铺开,构建人类命运共同体成为新时代中国外交的新旗帜、新任务和新目标。构建人类命运共同体既是对前几任领导人外交思想的传承和延续,更是新一代领导人奋发有为的开拓与创新:开启了大国外交新时代,开垦了全域外交新空间,开发了主场外交新形式,开辟了“一带一路”外交新平台,标志着中国外交的跨越性升华,彰显了新时代大国外交的中国特色、中国风格和中国气派。