Executive control of bureaucracy and presidential cabinet appointments in East Asian democracies

This article examines the role of cabinet appointments in controlling the bureaucracy in presidential democracies. I demonstrate how administrative challenges stemming from the structure of the bureaucracy shape presidential choice of ministers. Analyzing a sample of four East Asian cases from 1986 through 2013, I find that presidents are more likely to select ministers from the civil service as bureaucracies are more professionalized, controlling for several political factors. Further evidence from qualitative interviews and case studies suggests that, in professionalized systems equipped with a sizable pool of talent but lacking responsiveness, presidents tend to promote ideologically aligned senior civil servants. However, in politicized systems, where presidents easily obtain responsiveness but face a low level of competence, policy experts tend to be selected from outside the bureaucracy. My findings have important implications for the regulatory governance and state capacity of East Asia, demonstrating the value of balancing between responsiveness and competence.     

俄罗斯的行刑社会化制度

根据俄罗斯现行刑法典和刑事执行法典的规定 ,俄罗斯的行刑社会化制度 ,包括不将被判刑人与社会隔离的刑罚的行刑社会化、剥夺自由刑的行刑社会化 ,假释和缓刑四项内容。规定行刑社会化制度的目的 ,在于组织社会力量参与对服刑罪犯的惩罚与改造 ,使其回归社会后能够适应正常的社会生活 ,不重新犯罪     

谈高等学校中层干部执行能力建设

高等学校中层干部的执行能力,是推进高校改革、建设和发展的重要因素,在我国高等教育已经进入大众化阶段的新时期,高校只有做到公平竞聘,确保能者有位;科学分工,确保上者可干;不断历练,确保上者能干;规范考核,确保上者愿干,才能使中层干部的执行能力得到不断提升。     

更腐倡廉制度建设的几点思考

加强反腐倡廉制度建设,既是提高我们党执政能力的迫切要求,也是完善惩治和预防腐败体系的核心内容,更是从源头上预防腐败的治本之策和必由之路。制度建设在惩防体系中处于核心保障地位,是建立健全和有效发挥惩防体系作用的关键因素。改革开放以来,各地各部门积极探索反腐倡廉制度建设的新路,形成了一大批制度规定,但仍然存在一些不足。反腐倡廉制度建设需要上升到国家战略层面,要在全党进一步形成动手抓制度建设的生动局面。同时,制度建设还需要进一步增强层次性、针对性、创新性和执行力。     

Responsive Aggression Regulation Therapy (Re-ART) Improves Executive Functioning in Adolescents and Young Adults with Severe Aggression Problems: A Pilot Study

This pilot study (N = 25) compared the effects of a short, four-month version of Responsive Aggression Regulation Therapy Outpatient (Re-ART Compact) and the entire, ten-month intervention (Re-ART Complete) on specific executive functioning (EF) and the risk of violent recidivism in adolescents and young adults (13–23 years). Re-ART is a cognitive behavioral-based intervention for adolescents and young adults with severe aggression problems. The Re-ART Compact and Re-ART Complete groups were comparable on the EF measures inhibition, flexibility, emotion regulation, self-evaluation, and self-control, but the Re-ART Complete group showed more improved risk of violent recidivism. We conclude that Re-ART Compact can be used as a compact, short intervention for EF, which is a valuable addition to the field of forensic mental health care where many problem behaviors relate to poor EF.     

Notes on the Canadian exception: security certificates in critical context

This paper attempts to place the Canadian security certificate program in critical context. The program is a mechanism of arbitrary detention targeted to non-citizens the state has certified as ‘threats’ to national security. As a mechanism of arbitrary detention the program fully locates Canadian policies inside of, and not in some manner external to, the worst abuses and ‘exceptional practices’ associated with the ‘global war on terror’. To place this program in critical context, the author draws upon the notion of ‘exception’. Although the security certificate program does invoke an exceptional practice in the terms made legible in recent discussions in critical security studies, it also points to ways in which critical discussions of ‘exception’ might be deepened and complicated. To this end, the paper put forwards the notion of the ‘legal complex’ to highlight the mundane and often contested ways in which the exception is invoked to certify which racialized bodies might be governed as political citizens and which will be governed as ‘bare life’.     

关于党执政能力的宪政思考

党的执政能力是指中国共产党依据现代宪政的本质要求、按照民主政治的价值取向、依法行使和控制国家权力、最大限度地实现和保障全体人民的基本权利的能力。党要加强执政能力建设,就必须按照现代宪政的要求,坚持人民主权原则、基本人权原则和法治原则,努力实现、维护和保障公民的基本权利。     

法治视野下的我国行政机关权力之争

当前,我国行政机关之间的权力争议现象大量存在,由于缺乏制度化、规范化的解决渠道,这些争议往往很难得到及时有效的解决.我们必须不断完善行政法律体系,一方面明确规定各行政机关的权限、尽可能减少行政机关之间权力争议的发生;另一方面通过赋予权力争议机关寻求争议解决的法律责任、建立制度化和规范化的行政系统内部权力争议解决机制、完善行政机关第三人诉讼制度和构建机关诉讼,将行政机关之间的权力争议"绳之以法",以促进法治政府的早日实现.     

国外政府机构设置的做法和经验

世界各国中央政府机构的设置情况,既有各自特点,也有一些共同做法。考察分析这些共同做法,有助于了解国外政府机构设置的经验,为我国的政府机构改革提供参考和借鉴。本文选取了九个国家作为分析对象,对各国中央政府的机构设置进行了梳理,尤其对美国、英国、日本和德国的做法进行了较为详细的介绍,探讨了各国中央政府机构设置的一般做法和趋势。     

试论行政行为道德化的制度建设

行政行为道德化建设需要制度的支撑,行政制度的道德选择是行政行为道德化的保障。行政行为道德化要坚持公正和正义,诚实和信誉,惩恶扬善等价值取向。在行政行为道德化制度建设中,必须深化行政体制和用人制度的改革,建立监督约束机制,完善法制环境。