中学生对学校体育需求的研究——以济南市为例

考查了中学生对学校体育需求的状况,并对性别差异进行了比较分析,目的是为中学学校体育课程改革提供理论和实践依据。结果发现:一是济南市中学生对学校体育课学习需求共有情意目标学习需求等五个维度,其中对运动能力发展需求最高,在认知目标学习需求维度上男生显著高于女生。二是济南市中学生对校内体育活动比赛需求共有情意目标学习需求等四个维度,且在体育活动规划需求和竞技特殊价值需求两个维度存在显著的性别差异,男生在体育活动规划需求平均数低于女生,在竞技特殊价值需求则高于女生。三是济南市学生,对校外体育活动比赛需求共有运动竞赛利益需求、学生辅导需求、竞赛规划需求和情意目标学习需求等四个维度,不同性别的学生,并无差异存在。     

A Systematic Evaluation of Restorative Justice Practices: School Violence Prevention and Response

ABSTRACT

Despite its increasing recognition and use in U.S. schools, a limited amount of research has evaluated the effect of restorative justice (RJ) for school violence prevention and response. To date, there is no standardized method for RJ implementation. Therefore, this systematic literature review investigates peer-reviewed studies on the application of RJ practices in K-12 school settings. Ten articles were included in the review. Results of the review indicate a high degree of variability regarding the implementation and evaluation of RJ practices in schools. However, the majority of studies reported positive outcomes, including improved social relationships and reductions in office discipline referrals. The utility of RJ as a school violence prevention and intervention approach are discussed, along with future research directions.     

Averted targeted school killings from 1900-2016

Mass shootings, particularly those that occur on school grounds, often generate intense political debate. Following the 2018 shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglass High School, questions arose on how to prevent these tragedies. Typically, the response generated from these questions revolves around mental illness, bullying prevention, and gun control. Unfortunately, the views on these topics, especially gun control, are often rooted in a strong belief system which is unwavering. Resultantly, the debate on how to avert these incidents often stops at the debate phase. This study sought to better understand how these events can be prevented by examining targeted school killings from 1900–2016 in which the suspect was stopped before the attack. The analysis revealed that the majority of attacks were prevented by other students reporting the threat of an impending attack to school and law enforcement authorities.     

数据权属的逻辑结构与赋权边界--基于“公地悲剧”和“反公地悲剧”的视角

前互联网时代的既有数据确权立法无法有效映射信息时代对于数据权利的实质性诉求,现有学术研究亦对新型数据权属的阐释和论证力有不逮,数据确权已成为数字化转型亟待解决的基础性理论研究问题。数据权属体系的构建,应遵循数据产生及其市场运作的底层逻辑,以实现数据产业健康可持续发展、维护数据权益相关方利益平衡为目标,将数据权属赋权于在数据生成与利用中处于核心驱动地位方为准则,避免数据权利内容及界限过于模糊、笼统,以此缓解激励数据生产与降低个体隐私权侵害风险之间的内在张力,形成个人用户、平台企业、政府国家之间对于数据权属的内容和边界的合理界分,构建社会公众、网络平台、政府国家数据治理"共建共治共享"的格局。     

Adolescent Delinquency and Social Control in Finnish Schools: A Multilevel Analysis

The importance of local community in the prevention of juvenile delinquency has often been emphasized from the theoretical, practical, and political points of view. The role of the school in particular has recently gained attention along with the growing field of research on local communities and crime. This study examined the significance of school‐related social control in preventing adolescents' active delinquent behaviour. The study is based on a random cluster sample of Finnish 15–16‐year‐olds and conducted by employing multilevel logistic regression analysis. Results indicate that social control in schools, as a community characteristic, helps reduce boys' active delinquency even after crucial individual‐level characteristics have been taken into account. However, if there is wide variation in how social control is perceived, the positive effect diminishes. In the case of girls the meaning of the school‐level social control was insignificant. Both the average and standard deviation indicated that the effect would be similar to that of the boys, but statistically they were insignificant. The study affirms the earlier studies of the meaning of the school as a shared social environment and emphasizes the different dimensions in school‐level phenomena.     

Saving the Nation's Expendable Children: Amending State Education Laws to Encourage Keeping Students in School

Disciplinary codes are designed to govern the behavior of millions of students attending U.S. public schools. As currently implemented, a great majority of these codes afford school personnel expansive, if not full, discretion to impose any sanction they deem appropriate in response to a student's alleged misconduct. Suspension and expulsion are two frequently used exclusionary sanctions that result in a large group of students who are pushed out of their learning environments around the nation on a daily basis. These detrimental exclusionary punishments have been increasingly used to address minor misbehavior rather than be reserved solely for serious offenses. This Note will describe the harmful implications currently associated with suspending and expelling children as a means to address misbehavior in school. This Note will then propose that all states amend their current education laws to limit infractions that may be punishable by suspension and/or expulsion exclusively to felonies as well as discuss practical alternatives schools should consider as a response to student misconduct. Implementation of this proposal would minimize the high rate of children being removed from their classrooms and would ultimately heighten the opportunity for children to learn.     

The Political Economy of Myanmar’s Transition

Since holding elections in 2010, Myanmar has transitioned from a direct military dictatorship to a formally democratic system and has embarked on a period of rapid economic reform. After two decades of military rule, the pace of change has startled almost everyone and led to a great deal of cautious optimism. To make sense of the transition and assess the case for optimism, this article explores the political economy of Myanmar’s dual transition from state socialism to capitalism and from dictatorship to democracy. It analyses changes within Myanmar society from a critical political economy perspective in order to both situate these developments within broader regional trends and to evaluate the country’s current trajectory. In particular, the emergence of state-mediated capitalism and politico-business complexes in Myanmar’s borderlands are emphasised. These dynamics, which have empowered a narrow oligarchy, are less likely to be undone by the reform process than to fundamentally shape the contours of reform. Consequently, Myanmar’s future may not be unlike those of other Southeast Asian states that have experienced similar developmental trajectories.     

职专市场营销教学策略探讨

职专市场营销教学策略要以“提高素质”为着眼点，以“促进就业”为着力点。市场营销专业教学策略要“理论简明扼要，重在竞争技能，渗透周边学科，兼顾锦上添花”。