交通违章记分中存在的问题及其对策探析

交通违章记分在制度设计和管理实践中均存在一定的局限。主要表现在:《记分办法》第16条对将行政处罚的行政、司法审查前置于对违章记分审查的制度规定不尽合理;机动车驾驶员逃避违章记分管理心理较为严重;公安交通管理部门在违章记分管理中执法不严。其解决措施有:加强法制宣传,发挥违章记分的教育管理作用;端正行政机关的执法意识,严肃执法纪律;增强违章记分管理的法律救济性。     

A test of the effectiveness of speaker verification for differentiating between identical twins

This paper presents investigations into the ability of speaker verification technology to discriminate between identical twins. It is shown that whilst, in general, the genetic and non-genetic characteristics of voice are both of value to speaker verification capabilities, it is the latter which is highly beneficial in the separation of the speech of identical twins. It is further demonstrated that through the use of unconstrained cohort normalisation as a complementary means for the exploitation of such voice characteristics, the verification reliability can be considerably enhanced for both identical twins and unrelated speakers. Experiments were conducted using a bespoke clean-speech database consisting of utterances from 49 identical twin pairs. The paper details the problem in speaker verification posed by identical twins, discusses the experimental investigations and provides an analysis of the results.