以加强学习促进一流公安院校建设

习近平总书记《在中央党校建校80周年庆祝大会上的讲话》专门论述了学习问题，号召全党要加强学习。建设一流公安院校，需要努力学习，学习世界各国先进的教育管理经验，现阶段，最需要学习的是科学的发展定位、大学精神的培育、教育理念的更新和办学特色的构建。学习中要注重学思并重、知行相资、创新超越。     

Postclassical realism and Japanese security policy

The recent domestic constructivist studies characterize Japanese security policy as a serious anomaly to realism and a crucial case vindicating their approach to the larger study of world politics. The present paper challenges this view. It advances a postclassical realist interpretation of Japan's core security policy in the past quarter century. Japan's military doctrine expressed in the 1976 National Defense Program Outline (NDPO) is consistent with postclassical realism's predictions, as opposed to neorealism's predictions, which focus on the dynamics of the regional security dilemma and the question of financial burden resulting from military build-up. In addition, postclassical realism offers a more compelling theoretical guide for understanding Japan's core security policy than defensive realism or mercantile realism. This paper backs up its argument with the empirical evidence that Takuya Kubo, the author of the NDPO, himself intentionally based the NDPO on a postclassical realist line of thinking.     

东盟安全机制的有效性与局限性

东南亚地区具有重要的地缘战略地位,向来是大国政治和军事角逐的焦点地区。东南亚国家为了保障该地区的和平与稳定,在长期的实践过程中形成了其独特的安全机制"东盟方式",这一模式在稳定地区安全事务中发挥了重要的作用。1978 年东盟在解决柬埔寨问题中作出了积极的贡献,展现出东盟安全机制的有效性;但在 2008 年 7 月以来柬埔寨和泰国发生的边境争端中作为不大,则反映出东盟安全机制的局限性。"东盟方式"在这两次重大事件中发挥的作用截然不同,正反映出东盟安全机制的有效性与局限性。     

公安信息网安全保障技术建设分析

公安信息网的安全保障体系是实现公安系统信息共享、快速反应和高效运行的重要保证。安信息网安全保障技术重点工作是“三建”、“三防”、“一保障”技术的建设。“三建”即建立涉密信息安全保障系统、公安身份认证与访问授权控制系统、公安信息网安全监控系统。“三防”要建设防火墙、防病毒系统、灾备系统。“一保障”进行保障公安信息网无线接人安全、公安信息网卫星通信接人安全、公安信息网的拨号接人安全、严格控制与公网的互联的建设。     

基于贝叶斯网络的性别失衡风险传导研究

性别结构失衡已成为当前中国重要的人口问题之一.作为一种社会风险,其影响正通过特定途径扩展到社会其他领域,引发包括社会安全在内的一系列社会问题.本文基于风险传导理论和性别失衡问题的相关研究成果,通过文献整理等方式构建出了一个性别失衡风险传导理论模型,并以该模型为框架,经过节点确定、结构学习和参数学习等步骤构建贝叶斯网络模型.进而以专家问卷调查数据为基础,从预测推理、诊断推理、影响强度分析和敏感性分析等四个方面对性别失衡风险传导问题进行了详细的探讨.     

社会管理创新背景下的公安机关网络舆论引导——以“公安微博”为视角

进一步加强和完善信息网络管理,提高对虚拟社会的管理水平,健全网上舆论引导机制．是公安工作社会管理创新的迫切要求。日渐勃兴的“公安微博”正是公安机关用最“时尚”的方式搭建起的与民众沟通、倾听民声民意的互动平台。针对目前“公安微博”存在的问题,各地公安机关应从微博管理、提升微博互动性、整合微博功能等方面着手,使公安微博在舆论引导中充分发挥时效快、覆盖广的重要作用。     

21世纪的中国与俄罗斯:地区挑战与机遇—“瓦尔代”国际辩论俱乐部俄中分组讨论提纲

关于亚太地区当前格局问题,中俄双方学者均认为美国与欧洲先后陷入危机,未来5至8年将呈现收缩态势,在全球尤其是亚太地区的影响力全面衰落。俄方学者认为,在欧美因为经济危机陷入衰退的同时,以中国为代表的亚洲经济体却保持了蒸蒸日上的增长势头,国际经济中心已经向亚太地区转移,国际政治中心也将会向亚太地区转移。中方学者则认为,美国处于相对衰落的过程,而中国、俄罗斯、印度等新兴大国同时崛起,参与全球治理进程,国际权力出现扁平化,竞争的中心向亚太地区加速转移。在亚洲高速发展的现实情况下,美国主导的军事同盟体系已不适应亚洲经济一体化的进程。俄方认为,2011年,美国重返亚洲,利用中国与周边国家的领土争端,加强在本地区的军事同盟体系,大有围堵中国之势。俄罗斯融入亚太需要和平的地区形势,建议在中、俄、美之间建立三边安全机制,为本地区中小国家提供安全保障。中方认为,在新的地区形势下,应当建立与之相适应的地区政治、经济、安全秩序,欢迎并愿意协助俄罗斯在亚洲发挥积极的、建设性的作用。但是新的地区秩序应当是开放性的、包容性的,与亚洲国家多样性相适应的。在积极推动地区经济发展的基础上,逐步推进政治、安全议程。俄方学者认为,欧洲深陷金融危机,短期内不能解决,俄罗斯经济发展重心将向亚太地区转移,着力开发远东和西伯利亚地区,欢迎美国、欧洲、中国等世界各国和地区参与。中方认为,远东西伯利亚地区蕴藏着丰富的资源,并且与中国经济互补性较高,在两国政府的主导下,已经进行了一些合作。随着俄罗斯"东进"战略的逐步明确,双方可以在项目开发、投资等方面进行研究,发挥双方比较优势,深入合作。在中亚地区,美国撤出后的阿富汗将成为本地区新的安全威胁,加上原有的三股势力,中亚地区的安全形势令人担忧。俄方认为,应当发挥上海合作组织安全合作的优势,密切关注阿富汗形势,加强与印度等周边国家的合作。中方学者认为,应当发挥上合组织在安全方面的积极作用,但是解决中亚问题的根本,还在于通过经济合作使中亚国家走出贫困,从而实现长治久安。因此,应当积极推动上合组织框架下的经济合作进程,与欧亚联盟等本地区其他组织加强沟通与合作。     

Accountability for Private Military and Security Contractors in the International Legal Regime

Abstract

The rapidly growing presence of private military and security contractors (PMSCs) in armed conflict and post-conflict situations in the last decade brought corresponding incidents of serious misconduct by PMSC personnel. The two most infamous events—one involving the firm formerly known as Blackwater and the other involving Titan and CACI—engendered scrutiny of available mechanisms for criminal and civil accountability of the individuals whose misconduct caused the harm. Along a parallel track, scholars and policymakers began examining the responsibility of states and international organizations for the harm that occurred. Both approaches have primarily focused on post-conduct accountability—of the individuals who caused the harm, of the state in which the harm occurred, or of the state or organization that hired the PMSC whose personnel caused the harm. Less attention, however, has been paid to the idea of pre-conduct accountability for PMSCs and their personnel. A broad understanding of “accountability for” PMSCs and their personnel encompasses not only responsibility for harm caused by conduct, but responsibility for hiring, hosting, and monitoring these entities, as well as responsibility to the victims of the harm. This article provides a comprehensive approach for analyzing the existing international legal regime, and whether and to what extent the legal regime provides “accountability for” PMSCs and their personnel. It does so by proposing a practical construct of three phases based on PMSC operations—Contracting, In-the-Field, and Post-Conduct—with which to assess the various bodies of international law.     

论船舶优先权与海事赔偿责任限制的冲突和协调

船舶优先权与海事赔偿责任限制之间发生冲突,既有历史原因又有现实原因。船舶优先权和海事赔偿责任限制发生冲突的领域是船舶优先权优先保障实现的限制性海事债权。《海商法》规定海事赔偿责任限制优先于船舶优先权实施以协调两者之间的冲突,其理论根据在于:船舶优先权系担保物权,而海事赔偿责任限制是确定海事债权数额的一种制度,担保物权只有在确定债权数额后才能实现。     

The Ubiquitous Family Environment: Examining Emotional Insecurity in the Family and Adjustment in School

The present study examines adolescents' emotional insecurity and problem behaviors at school. Adolescents (n = 280; 136 boys, 144 girls, Median age = 13) and their parents reported on adolescents' emotional security and adjustment problems. Adolescents' teachers (n = 240) also reported on adolescents' school adjustment. Results support that emotional insecurity is related to adjustment problems in the home and at school. Emotional insecurity in the family system was a better predictor of adolescents' adjustment problems than emotional insecurity in the interparental relationship. Findings have implications for teachers, parents, school administrators and policy‐makers, as adolescents' problem behaviors at school can be explained by their emotional insecurity.