Homicide and serious sexual offences committed by children and young people: Findings from the literature and a serious case review

This article is based on the findings from a Part 8 Case Review (Serious Case Review) conducted by The Bridge Child Care Development Service, and the subsequent overview report entitled ‘Childhood Lost: A Part 8 Case Review Overview Report DM’ (2001). The review concerns the case of a young male aged 18 (DM) who was convicted for the rape and murder of a child aged 11 (WN). The article highlights the key themes that have emerged from the case review. These include the complex issue of predicting and managing risk; effective inter-agency collaboration in reducing the risk of serious sexual and violent offending in young people; and the provision of specialist residential treatment facilities for serious juvenile sexual offenders. The key issues are located within the broader context of contemporary literature and research. It is established that children and young people who commit homicide and other very serious offences are highly likely to have experienced multiple and severe traumatic events during childhood. In addition without appropriate intervention, children with persistent risk characteristics have a high likelihood of committing further acts of aggression and violence. The review into the case of DM recommends that there should be a national strategy for the management and treatment of serious juvenile sexual offenders, and other young offenders at significant risk of serious and violent offending.     

论放任

在确定间接故意的诸种见解中,容认说基本上是合理的。放任的存在与否,必须结合行为人对构成要件结果的发生是否有高度盖然性认识,是否存在认真的估算,是否对结果的实现毫不在意并认可、接受这一结果这三个层次的内容进行递进式判断。在区别放任和轻率时要考虑行为人对客观危险的认识、对结果是纵容还是有防止结果的真挚努力。     

叶圣陶审美视野的拓展

西方文学的东渐，拓宽了东方民族的审美视野。西方近现代文学高扬人文精神，淡化情节、渲染情绪和富于诗趣的描写，“促醒”了青年叶圣陶“对于文学的觉悟”。这种“真气扑鼻”的写当下感觉和情绪体验的文学作品，使读者如历其境、如闻其声，如见其人。它们“唤起”并不断地增强了青年叶圣陶的审美“感受”能力和审美的“创作”能力，那高扬的人文精神更启迪了青年叶圣陶沿着“为人生”的创作大道稳步前进     

略论认定绑架罪“情节较轻”的几个理论问题

当前绑架罪“情节较轻”的判断．主要集中在对其外延，即具体情形的探讨上，但对“情节较轻”的内涵。即一些基本理论同题则探讨不多。在理论上，绑架罪“情节较轻”属于规范性构成要件要素，需要司法者进行一定的价值评判。评判的基础是能够影响绑架罪罪质轻重的事实要素，评判的标准则是法益侵害的层次和程度。     

量刑情节的立法完善与技术完善

该文客观分析了中国刑法典对量刑情节规定的主要瑕疵，提出了对量刑情节的立法完善建议，指出电脑量刑技术的弊端、提出改进方向，并对颁布量刑指南的必要性和前提条件作了分析，为中国刑法典的修订提供参考。     

Investigators and Prosecutors or, Desperately Seeking Scotland: Re-formulation of the 'Philips Principle'

Prosecution in England and Wales, traditionally private, was captured by the 'new police', creating an 'English tradition' unlike those of the rest of the United Kingdom. To overcome consequent problems, the Royal Commission on Criminal Procedure recommended the 'Philips principle', whereby investigator and prosecutor were separate, but co-ordinate, on which basis the Crown Prosecution Service was set up. However, the principle was in fact compromised by the 'English tradition', most obviously by permitting continued police prosecution. Moreover, the Serious Fraud Office, set up shortly thereafter, contradicted the principle. Yet, HM Customs and Excise addressed its serious problems by applying the principle. The CPS itself encountered difficulties flowing from the compromises. Reports (Runciman, Narey, Glidewell) recommended various devices, straining the principle, until the Auld Report recognised that reformulation was necessary, along the lines adopted elsewhere in the United Kingdom, that is, by recognising that there should be investigator subordination to prosecutor.     

刑法修正案（八）中入户盗窃问题研究——以彭某入户盗窃案为例

中华人民共和国刑法修正案（八）对盗窃罪进行了修改，新增入户盗窃行为以盗窃罪论处，且对入户盗窃没有数额和情节的规定。那么是否入户盗窃行为就没有数额和情节的限制了，只要是入户盗窃都一律按盗窃罪论处呢？文章从一个典型案例入手来探讨入户盗窃是否需要数额和情节的问题。     

关于制定《治安管理处罚法》“裁量标准”的几个问题

制定《治安管理处罚法》中关于“情节较轻”、“情节较重”等情形的“裁量标准”，是公安机关开展执法规范化建设的一项重要内容。为此，应当明确“裁量标准”的意义、原则、结构、主要内容、效力等问题。     

Involuntary outpatient treatment in patients with severe mental illness: A one-year follow-up study

Introduction

Involuntary outpatient treatment (IOT) aims to ensure adherence to therapy in patients with serious mental disease who are unaware of their illness and for whom treatment discontinuation carries a high risk of relapse.

Objectives

To evaluate the effectiveness of IOT in preventing relapse among patients with serious mental disease.

Method

A retrospective observational study was carried out on all of the patients (n = 140) receiving IOT in the city of Valencia, Spain. Hospital service uses (emergency care, admissions and mean stay times) during the 12 months before and after the introduction of IOT were compared.

Results

Patients with schizophrenia, delusional disorder or schizoaffective disorder showed a significant reduction in the number of admissions and days spent in the psychiatry ward during the year of IOT. The reduction in the number of visits to the emergency department was only significant for the patients with schizophrenia.

Discussion

We conclude that involuntary outpatient treatment may be effective for patients with serious mental disease who are unaware of their illness and for whom treatment discontinuation carries a high risk of relapse.     

中国传统量刑制度的近代化——以《大清新刑律》为对象

中国传统的量刑制度在清末修律中发生了很大的变化,清末刑律在法定刑的设定方面采取了相对法定刑制度,增加了关于酌定量刑情节的规定,从而扩大了法官量刑的权力。另外,传统法律中影响量刑平等的情节也大都被废止。民初的司法实践也能表明清末刑律中的量刑制度得到较为严格的遵守。