民法自助行为制度立法刍议--兼评我国《民法典(草案)》侵权编第23条

自助行为是民法中的一种私力救济手段,在性质上属于事实行为.它的实施条件是须为自助的目的,须因情势紧急来不及请求公力救济.它的实施原则是须依法定方式,须在必要的限度内.它的实施方式是扣留债务人财物,毁损债务人财物,扣留债务人人身,制止债务人对有义务容忍的行为进行抵抗.在实施自助行为后,行为人应立即申请有关国家机关处理.在错误实施自助行为的情形下,行为人应当承担过错的赔偿责任.     

“香烟”弥漫的青春:作为一种“过渡期仪式”的青少年香烟消费

青少年吸烟不仅是一种健康风险行为,也是一个备受争议的学术话题。本文将青少年男性的吸烟行为视为一种"过渡期仪式",并从仪式道具、仪式剧本、仪式表演角色和仪式观众四个维度分析了青少年男性是如何借助仪式实践而顺利实现青春期的角色转变和身份认同。文章最后对过渡期仪式实践的起始与终结、男性气质与健康风险行为的内在关联进行了深入的思考。     

论行政私法行为的法律性质——兼及金融危机背景下政府救市行为的分析

应对当前国际金融危机时,我国地方政府机关采取了包括政府补贴在内的政府救市措施和行为。政府补贴等行为实际上属于行政私法行为,政府机关这类行为的正确使用与否涉及到该类行为法律性质的科学界定。行政私法行为最大的特点是结合了行政和民事的双重因素,具有行政法、私法的双重性质。而混合说可以作为重要标准以识别行政私法行为的行政私法性。这种特殊性质的行为与纯粹意义上的民事行为、行政行为等相邻行为都存在重大区别。     

现实选择与理性诉求:地方政府自身利益的实践逻辑

在现实生活中,地方政府自身利益是客观存在的。地方政府通过追求任期内政绩工程来实现官员的个人利益,通过机构扩张和预算最大化来实现机构利益,通过获取辖区财政资源来实现辖区共容利益。这种利益的实现是地方政府基于外在监督和内在收益而做出的现实选择。在外在监督缺失的情况下,地方政府对自身利益的追求导致政府行为的异化和扭曲,需要采取有效措施予以治理。     

Assessing the Television Campaign: The Impact of Party Election Broadcasting on Voters' Opinions in the 1997 British General Election

Although paid television and radio political advertising is banned in the United Kingdom, parties fielding sufficient candidates are entitled to free air time during election campaigns for a fixed number of party election broadcasts (PEBs). Over the years, parties have experimented with a variety of different PEB formats. But the impact of PEBs on voters is underresearched. This article therefore analyzes the influence of PEB viewing in the 1997 British General Election. Though a majority do not view PEBs, those who do are influenced by them, especially in terms of their evaluations of parties and their leaders: Other things being equal, viewers of a party's PEBs become more favorably disposed to the party and its leader than those who do not see the broadcast. Labour and Conservative PEBs have no impact on vote intentions, however. But viewers of Liberal Democrat broadcasts become more likely to support that party. We speculate that this reflects different background levels of media exposure for the major parties as compared to the third party.     

Sexual Attitudes and Behaviors Among Adolescents

The purpose of this article is to examine the self-reported sexual attitudes and behaviors of adolescents living in the Midwest. A survey was administered to 463 African American youths ages 11–19. The results indicate that intent to have sexual intercourse, reported likelihood toward having sexual intercourse, and whether participants felt that they would have sex in the next 3 months were predictors of whether they had sexual intercourse at the 3-month follow-up. The results also revealed that the opinions of referent others did not predict sexual intercourse at 3 months. Negative attitudes toward condoms did predict condom use at 3 months and the opinions of referent others also predicted condom use at 3 months. Limitations as well as future research are also discussed.     

城市化进程中的空间挤压与行动者策略——关于城管执法研究的文献综述

过去10年的城管执法研究,在城市化进程与社会结构变迁的大背景下,呈现了城市街头空间一幅生动的行动者策略互动场景,揭示了其背后隐藏的行为机制与深层原因,展现了“空间矛盾——行动者策略——策略效应——秩序建构”的研究脉络。综合来看,城管执法行为体现了空间维度的多层次性。从微观情景来看,街头官僚使用信息权力形成执法行为差序格局,与被执法者之间博弈演进,通过试错空间形成场域转换的默契互动,以执法吸纳政治、模糊性治理等策略平衡议题争议性;从中观情景来看,城管摊贩冲突发生在过渡型边界与灰色空间;从宏观情景来看,城管执法行为的空间矛盾本质上则是城市化进程中的空间挤压。     

网络犯罪共犯行为的正犯化与定量评价

信息时代网络空间中的共犯行为发生了"异化","一对多"的共犯模式成为常态,导致共犯的从属性降低。司法实践逐渐摸索出了共犯行为正犯化的定性解释模式,并且逐步为共犯行为构建了独立的定量评价规则,这在"发起"多人、帮助多人、针对多人的"不作为""事后"共犯中都可参照借鉴。     

掩饰、隐瞒犯罪所得及其收益罪的行为样态分析

本文从民法的角度界定了掩饰、隐瞒犯罪所得及其收益罪的犯罪对象和行为样态:前者包括犯罪所得及其收益,犯罪所得为民法上的原物,犯罪所得收益为原物产生的孳息;后者包括隐瞒行为和掩饰行为,隐瞒行为包括窝藏、转移、收购、代为销售以及其他隐瞒行为,掩饰行为包括加工等。