社会主义实践世纪的回眸

列宁的“一国胜利论”开创了社会主义的现实制度,由此也产生了社会主义建设发展历程的“苏联模式”和“中国特色”社会主义的不同建设实践形态。二者虽然表现形式不同,但都是特定历史条件下的产物。社会主义的本质是实践的,实践的观点是社会主义首要的基本的观点。因此,社会主义必须随着社会实践的发展而发展,随着客观现实条件的改变而“更新”存在的形式,才能永葆生命之树常青。     

关于乡级政府行政模式创新途径的思考

目前,我国乡级政府行政模式受多种因素的影响,行政服务意识欠缺,行政职能越位、缺位和错位等现象比较严重,行政目标忽视社会效益、行政方式单一、监督体制不健全等问题比较突出,这必然会影响到我国农村社会的和谐发展。因此,乡级政府必须转变行政理念,创新财政来源、评价机制、行政方式和协调机制,完善监督机制,以期实现农村社会的和谐发展。     

基于多媒体网络的大学英语教学评估模式架构

目前在我国强调多媒体网络学习的大学英语教学改革中,实施客观、有效的评估模式至关重要。然而,大学英语教学评估研究现状调查、分析表明以测试为主的评估模式已无法适应新的教学模式,成为新一轮大学英语教学改革的瓶颈。因此,从理论层面上建构一种具有评估内容全面化、评估主体多元化、评估过程动态化和评估方法多样化为基本特征的教学评估模式已成为当务之急。     

关于可持续发展战略的价值认识

可持续发展战略和模式自问世以来，受到世界各国的普遍关注和研究，这一战略的确立是人类发展史上的一个重要里程碑，对人类走向现代化具有重要价值，也是中国走“全面、协调、可持续发展”道路的必然选择。     

强化两个依靠意识 提升法院执行品质

＂执行难＂已成为困扰法院发展的＂瓶颈＂,只有内外齐修建立长效机制,借助合力,在法院内部强化＂两个依靠＂意识,即强化依靠科学技术意识和依靠人民群众意识,才能破解执行难,从而提升法院执行品质。     

Scenes from a mall: Retail training and the social exclusion of low-skilled workers

In this article we examine how post-industrial Britain and Denmark undertake vocational training for low-skilled retail workers. Specifically, we evaluate whether leaders in training skilled industrial workers are also doing the best job with low-skilled service workers. While Danish retail is increasingly becoming a haven for low-skilled workers, British workers are gaining in skills levels with the transition to services even in the retail sector. While some suggest that social democratic countries have sacrificed the political interests of low-skilled workers in order to protect core manufacturing workers, we find no evidence of this. Rather, the high expectations of vocational training in Denmark have forged barriers to the easy admission of low-skilled service workers, while the British system provides more entry points for vocational training at different levels. The structures of coordination that had narrowed the gap between white-collar and blue-collar manufacturing workers during the industrial age are creating new cleavages in the post-industrial economy.     

Unitary regulatory supervision or multi-entity supervision? A computational approach to a numbers problem in financial regulation

Policymakers globally have debated (and often implemented) the idea of consolidating numerous financial regulatory supervisory entities into one unitary entity. This article uses a computational model to explore the effect such a decision would have on supervisory performance. Using insights from organizational scholarship on consensus-making among individuals within organizations, the simulation suggests that under most conditions a unitary supervisory entity yields lower performance than smaller, numerous entities with unique mandates, keeping the number of regulatory inspectors constant. This result arises from the heterogeneity of perspectives being shared within the entity and the influence of precedent actions. The results also show a decreasing utility to disaggregation: performance decreases when too few inspectors share among themselves in building consensus. When insufficient heterogeneity within supervisors exists, unitary frameworks outperform multi-entity frameworks. These findings have implications on the design of supervisory frameworks and contribute to research on consensus-building, heterogeneous group membership, and computational modeling.     

法官解释之方法智慧重述

审判的过程,需先对案件事实进行法律上的裁剪,继而以法律事实为据解释法律,重构审判规范。法官解释法律的方法智巧虽多,归根结底应服从于终极之目的解释。结合具体案件中的法律事实,法律经由文义、体系、法意、目的解释可以构造出适合个案的审判规范。     

Assessing Readiness to Change among Perpetrators of Intimate Partner Violence: Analysis of Two Self-report Measures

Recent interest in the construct of motivation to change among male perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV) has led to development of two self-report measures of this construct: the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment for Domestic Violence (URICA-DV; Levesque et al. 2000) and the Safe at Home Inventory (SAH; Begun et al. 2003). We examined the internal structure of these instruments using confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses in a sample of 199 male IPV perpetrators waiting to begin court-mandated batterer intervention programs. Results indicated that the scales had adequate internal consistency. However, using confirmatory factor analyses, the hypothesized structural models of each instrument fit the data poorly. Subsequent models suggested by a series of exploratory factor analyses failed to improve model fit substantially for both scales. For the URICA-DV, a 3-factor model including items from the Precontemplation, Contemplation, and Action subscales fit the data adequately. No acceptable model fit could be found for the SAH. Intercorrelations among similar subscales across the two inventories suggested only a modest degree of intercorrelation (r’s = 0.16–0.52), and a factor structure more dependent on scale of origin than item latent content, suggesting that the scales assess different facets of the readiness to change construct. These results suggest that before the stages of change construct can be fully applied to the IPV area, more research and evaluation are needed on how to accurately assess abuser readiness to change.     

新中国成立初期国家与社会关系模式初探

国家与社会之间的关系问题是一个重要的社会理论和实践问题。新中国成立初期 ,国家政权通过财政汲取、社会关系的调控及合法性资源的开发等三条途径建立起了国家与社会关系的独特模式 :超强国家——极弱社会。