从歧视走向平等——非婚生子女法律地位的变迁

非婚生子女作为社会的弱势群体,对其加强法律保护已成为世界各国婚姻家庭法的一个重要课题。综观世界各国亲子立法的发展史,非婚生子女的法律地位经历了受虐待和歧视的“无亲之子”阶段、被消极肯定的“形式平等”阶段、以至于发展到当今一些国家对子女的完全平等保护———实质平等。我国亲子立法应顺应世界先进亲子法的立法趋势,摒弃“非婚生子女”这一不平等称谓,制定统一的自然血亲子女制度,以子女认领制度作为确定无婚姻的父母与自然血亲子女身份关系的证明方法,保护子女的最大利益。     

摹仿签名笔迹特征的识别及鉴定价值分析研究

摹仿签名笔迹鉴定在司法实践中比较常见,它是笔迹鉴定中较难的一种。结合图片说明对摹仿签名笔迹特征的识别及其鉴定价值,以期在司法实践中,对提升鉴定人鉴定水平和能力,提高摹仿签名笔迹鉴定结论的准确性与客观性提供一定的参考依据。     

走之底笔顺识别方法

目的：建立走之底笔顺的科学识别方法。方法：收集实验笔迹样本,由样本书写人报告笔顺,依据形态对样本字分类,归纳各种形态与笔顺间的规律。结果：共获得188份有效样本,书写人报告了3种走之底笔顺,走之底折笔的收笔动向、被包围部件的位置、点笔与折笔的联系等方面可以作为识别笔顺的依据。结论：建立了走之底规范笔顺、通用笔顺和特殊笔顺的识别规则。依据这套规则。可以准确识别40％以上的不连笔走之底的笔顺。     

A Two‐Year Study of Δ 9 Tetrahydrocannabinol Concentrations in Drivers; Part 2: Physiological Signs on Drug Recognition Expert (DRE) and non‐DRE Examinations,,

Whole blood samples were examined for ?⁹‐Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) over 2 years in drivers suspected of driving under the influence. Part one of the study examined the link between [THC] and performance on field sobriety tests. This portion examined objective signs, eye examinations and physiological indicators; and their relationship to the presence of THC. Several objective signs were excellent indicators of the presence of THC: red eyes (94%), droopy eyelids (85.6%), affected speech (87.6%), tongue coating (96.2%), and odor of marijuana (82.4%). About 63.6% of THC positive subjects had dialted pupils (room light). THC positive subjects had either rebound dilation or hippus in 88.8% of cases. Pulse and blood pressure (BP) were evaluated to determine any correlation with [THC]. An increased pulse rate correlated well to the presence of THC (88.5%), but not [THC]. BP did not correlate to [THC] and was also a poor indicator of THC in the blood (50% high).     

Custody and Visitation in Families With Three (or More) Parents

New technological and legal developments have enabled the formation of three‐parent families. Now that these families have arrived, families—and family law—must adapt to allocate responsibilities among the responsible adults.     

Compliance and non-compliance as sources of recognition: Slovakia and NATO

This article argues that there is a difference in what constitutes the sources of recognition prior to countries' membership in the Euro-Atlantic community represented by NATO and after countries become its members. While prior to membership, countries are recognized for their compliance with NATO standards and policies, upon membership countries get the opportunity to promote specific interests legitimately and may seek recognition via non-compliance with NATO mainstream.The paper explores this dynamic of recognition on the issue of Kosovo independence where Slovakia went from supporting NATO in its effort to protect civilians in Kosovo in the late 1990s to non-recognition of Kosovo in defiance of the majority of NATO member states less than a decade later. The crucial point proposed here is that there was a shift in how recognition by NATO worked prior to Slovakia's membership and upon membership in these frameworks. While prior to membership recognition was achieved by compliance and identification with NATO standpoints, policies and actions, upon membership, recognition is achieved by differentiation from these patterns. More generally, the study shows that NATO membership is a powerful source of conditionality in relation to future members and a powerful source of legitimacy in relation to current members' actions. While this has been discussed in the literature, the point here is that recognition in its various forms is an important driving force in these conditionality processes.     

非营利组织专职人员身份认同与专业化研究

基于非营利组织在我国经济与社会发展中的功能与面临的挑战,该文采用定性与定量分析相结合的研究方法,对非营利组织专职人员的专业化现状进行大量的问卷调查与个案访谈,将专业水平操作化为基础知能、专业知能和专业精神三个变量进行测量,发现专职人员普遍存在着低学历,专业技能缺乏和专业精神错位,即整体的专业水平较低的问题.采用SPSS分析软件对影响专业水平和专业身份认同程度的各因素进行频数和相关性分析.通过探讨当前非营利组织专职者专业水平较低的原因和专业化发展需要解决的问题,提出建议:一是完善高校非营利组织工作专业人才的培养机制;二是强化非营利组织专职人员的技能培训;三是树立科学的非营利组织工作专业理念;四是提高非营利组织专职人员的待遇.     

浅论企业财务风险的防范

企业在生产经营过程中难免出现财务风险，利用“阿尔曼”模型建立预警系统。同时对企业财务风险指标进行判断，可以有效的辩识企业的财务风险。积极采取财务防范措施并利用相应的技术手段。对企业财务风险进行防范控制，企业才能在激烈的市场竞争中立于不败之地。     

中越机电产品技术性贸易措施状况及互认合作探讨

随着中国与越南贸易的快速发展，我国进出口机电产品不同程度遭受技术性贸易措施的影响。本文介绍了技术性贸易措施及其影响，分别阐述了中国与越南机电产品的技术性贸易措施状况及其差异，探讨了旨在促进双方进出口机电产品贸易健康发展，开展互认与合作的有效途径。