修改国家赔偿法应做到“与时俱进”

我国国家赔偿法的修改应与时俱进,应扩大赔偿范围,提高赔偿的标准,建立赔偿义务机关与赔偿金支付机关分离的制度,并解决国家赔偿确认难的问题。     

为境外窃取、刺探、收买、非法提供国家秘密、情报罪构成要件研究

为境外窃取、刺探、收买、非法提供国家秘密、情报罪的犯罪客体为国家安全和利益及国家秘密、情报管理秩序，前者为主要客体，后者为次要客体；犯罪客观方面为为境外机构、组织、人员窃取、刺探、收买、非法提供国家秘密、情报；犯罪主体为一般主体；犯罪主观方面为直接故意。     

当代国家治理模式的变革及其启示——对福利国家、发展型国家和转型国家当代发展的考察

20世纪80年代以来,全球化和新自由主义的兴起对国际政治经济环境产生了深远的影响,引发了有关国家和政府能力的激烈讨论。从发达资本主义国家福利改革、东亚政府主导型经济的衰退到苏东地区社会主义制度的垮台,全球范围内的国家治理模式发生了广泛而深刻的变革,国家解决国内问题的能力受到限制,国家和社会关系的平衡向着有利于市场和私有权力的方向转变。然而这些变迁也表明,并不是所有的制度都趋向"正统"的自由市场经济模式,相反,制度变迁表现出多元化的特征,与此同时,全球化也为国家和政府能力的增长提供了新的空间,战后以来的国家治理模式正在经历新的调整和重组。     

侦查环节刑事被害人国家补偿制度刍议

在侦查阶段，由于公安机关未破获案件或做出撤销案件决定，导致刑事诉讼中断，从而使犯罪被害人无法通过正常诉讼途径获得赔偿而身陷绝境，因此在侦查环节亟需建立刑事被害人国家补偿制度。建立刑事被害人国家补偿制度有其理论基础和必要性。当前，我国在侦查环节建立刑事被害人国家补偿制度必须以公安机关撤销案件或在法定期限内未侦破案件为前提，从补偿对象、补偿条件、补偿金额及其来源、补偿机构与补偿程序、国家追偿等方面予以规范。     

民营经济融资难的制度原因

民营经济虽然已经成为推动中国经济发展的重要力量之一,但中国民营经济的融资现状却不容乐观,民营经济融资难问题已经成为制约中国经济持续发展的瓶颈。民营经济融资难是和银行对民营经济的贷款偏小有关,其根本原因在于信用制度与监督制度的缺陷。这些缺陷造成了中国企业的“道德风险”、逃废债。另外,信用评估制度不完善导致银行难以得到企业信息,而在政府补贴国有企业与银行时,其结果就会是银行贷款偏好国有企业,引起民营经济融资难。解决民营经济融资难的问题需要完善相关制度,制度的完善有赖于提高国家的制度转型能力。     

Everyday forms of state decomposition: Quetzaltenango,Guatemala, 1954⋆

This essay explores how Guatemala's 1952 agrarian reform played out among Quetzalteco K'iche's. Much of the academic writing on the revolution is concerned with the way the agrarian reform affected indigenous communities. These studies either view the reform as creating bitter political conflicts within the community, thereby weakening or destroying local institutions of communal politics and identification, or else they understand the reform as deepening incipient class divisions. In all of these studies,‘conflict’is understood to be something antithetical to‘community’. Yet conflict is as essential to communal formation as are more visible identity markers, suggesting an intriguing correlation: the greater the degree of communal conflict, the greater the level of communal identification.     

民事检察的面相——一个研究性述评

作为一种国家干预,民事检察与法律监督有何关联,国家干预的正当性何在,干预到底限定在多大范围,这些问题无疑是民事检察的基础问题。回答这些问题既要面向我国现行法制,也要作返回原点式的考察,更需要结合民事检察改革进行必要的展望。     

Retirement pensions and gender： The Spanish case from the European perspective

The European Union in its task of coordinating the different social protection systems recommends member countries to take steps to prevent economic imbalances caused by ageing populations. Spain and other European countries-such as Sweden, Italy or Germany, follow the trends marked by the European Union with regard to pensions. In recent years, these countries have carried out reforms to be entitled to benefits, increase the proportionality between contributions and benefits and introduce formulas similar to private funded systems. These reforms will lead to retirement pensions linked to contributions becoming an airtight system, thus excluding the most vulnerable workers from them. This work aims to show that this type of restrictive measures despite being formulated in a neutral way, fail to correct-and actually increase-the differences between women and men in employment, since women are more affected by unstable working conditions than men. Lower wages for women and higher incidences of their careers being interrupted to attend to family duties will make access for women to retirement pensions even harder. The shortfalls in the protection of retirement pensions contrast sharply with a common European employment policy which aims to raise the employment rate of women. Having examined the incidence of this type of reforms from a gender perspective, the final aim of the work will be to show whether the European directive against discrimination regarding Social Security, headed by Directive 79/7 and displayed in the European Court of Justice＇s case law, constitutes an adequate regulatory tool to neutralize those reforms which lead to indirect discrimination.     

Persistence of innovation: stylised facts and panel data evidence

This paper investigates whether firms innovate persistently or discontinuously over time using an innovation panel data set on German manufacturing and service firms for the period 1994–2002. It turns out that innovation behaviour is permanent at the firm level to a very large extent. Using a dynamic random effects discrete choice model and a new estimator recently proposed by Wooldridge (2005), I further shed some light on the driving forces for this phenomenon. The econometric results show that past innovation experience is an important determinant for manufacturing as well as for service sector firms, and hence confirm the hypothesis of true state dependence. In addition, the results highlight the important role of knowledge provided by skilled employees and unobserved individual heterogeneity in explaining the persistence of innovation.

税收国家及其法治构造

现代国家源起于现代意义的税收,税所具有的公共对价性、非营利性与国家的民主法治性结合而成税收国家,税收国家必须反映公共目的及国家目的的两个面向。没有税收国家,就不可能有以经济自由为中心的实质法治国家;反之,税收国家须营造一个完善法治的构造。税收国家的法律主义、平等主义和人权主义原则起源于财政民主理念,以此为导引完善财政立宪制度、财政分权制度和相关程序制度,由此为税收国家权力运作设定一个起码的边界。