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341.
Early pubertal timing (PT) increases the risk of adolescent delinquency, whereas late development reduces this risk; however, the mechanisms explaining PT effects on delinquency remain elusive. Theoretically, the PT–delinquency relationship is as a result of changes in parental supervision, peer affiliations, and body-image perceptions or is a spurious reflection of early life risk factors. Using intergenerational data from the Millennium Cohort Study, a prospective sample of children followed from infancy to age 14 years in the United Kingdom (N = 11,556 parent–child pairs), we find that for both boys and girls, early PT is associated with heightened risks of delinquency, relative to on-time puberty, whereas late PT is associated with lower risks, even after controlling for a large share of childhood confounders. Mediation test results indicate that changes in parental supervision, peer affiliations, and body-image perceptions from ages 11 to 14 partly account for associations between off-time PT and delinquency. Our findings are most consistent with criminological theories in which the psychosocial, familial, and peer group changes that accompany off-time pubertal development are emphasized. Changes in peer substance use, in particular, were the primary explanatory factor for the relationships between early and late PT and delinquency, for both boys and girls. 相似文献
342.
《Asia & the Pacific Policy Studies》2017,4(2):225-236
Much has been written about China's grand project of the twenty‐first century, the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road—or the Belt and Road Initiative. It is set to lift living standards through the provision of infrastructure and better connectivity where these are lacking. While economic resources are enumerated, and the maps of roads and corridors have been drafted, the cultural dimension is understudied. Beijing has not helped in this regard. Apart from vague slogans like ‘win–win cooperation’, ‘mutual respect’ and ‘community of common destiny’, there has been no concerted effort to showcase China's thought culture that is eminently suited to precisely this type of venture. If collaboration, even more than connectivity, is the necessary glue for bringing the regions of the Belt and Road together, then China needs to heed the advice of its own great philosophers. 相似文献
343.
Lauren A. Johnston 《Asia & the Pacific Policy Studies》2019,6(1):40-58
China's outbound investment exceeded inbound investment for the first time in 2015. In years leading up this transition, a maturing demographic transition alongside slowing internal migration and diminishing returns to physical capital investment, all had a role in China's diminished competitiveness in low‐wage manufactured exports and the fading of the related growth model. In that context, the 2013 launch of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) took place in two stages in two developing countries, Kazakhstan and Indonesia. These launch choices, and the BRI in general are herein elaborated in terms of economic history, geography, and demography. The BRI in turn is considered to be aiming to foster the ongoing development of China, and in doing so also seeks to instigate new era development opportunity for other developing countries. One facilitation channel for the latter is China's concept of “patient capital,” essentially concessional capital, or foreign aid. For China that offers a means via which to internationalise the financial sector and also the Renminbi. Lessons from China's own use of foreign aid and economic development hence serve as an important reference for ongoing scoping of the shape and trajectory of the BRI. To that end, this article sheds light on what is in the BRI for China. 相似文献
344.
Marco Bünte 《当代亚洲杂志》2018,48(2):230-251
ABSTRACTThe Extractive Industry Transparency Initiative is a set of transnational rules that aims at improving governance in the oil, gas and mining sector. Several resource rich countries have joined the initiative since its inception in 2002. The question is why and with what effect? The article explores the case of Myanmar and argues that both state and non-state actors use the transnational regulations of the Extractive Industry Transparency Initiative framework for their own ends. While the government attempts to attract broader foreign investment and increased foreign aid, civil society tries to address the human rights situation in the country. While this ultimately leads to conflict and confrontation in a society shaken by a long period of authoritarianism and civil wars, there is potential for the Myanmar Extractive Industry Transparency Initiative to provide an opportunity to improve state–society relations and build inclusive governance structures with an improved human rights record. However, the challenges are massive given the weakness of the state, ongoing armed conflict in ethnic minority areas and low trust between political actors. 相似文献
345.
路明兰 《新疆警官高等专科学校学报》2004,(3):58-60
当今社会科学技术日新月异,知识更新迅速,只有不断地学习,才能适应时代发展需要.因此,需要倡导终身学习观念,营造学习氛围,调动一切力量加大教育投入,健全终身教育保障制度,为建设"学习型"社会构建可行性平台,促使我国"学习型"社会早日到来. 相似文献
346.
中国的联合国研究起步较晚 ,其发展过程与中国对国际事务的参与程度及中国对联合国和多边外交重要性的认识不断加深密切相关。自 2 0世纪 90年代以来 ,中国的联合国研究取得重要进展 ,出现了硕果累累的可喜局面。中国联合国研究的领域和视野逐步扩展 ,角度日益多样化 ,已有一支学术队伍和若干重点课题。但与其他学科 ,甚至与国际问题其他领域研究相比 ,中国的联合国研究还存在许多不足。只有清楚地认识到不足 ,这一学科才能取得更大发展。 相似文献
347.
美国出于政治和经济需要提出了"发起东盟事业倡议"计划,其实质是美国准备与东盟国家签署一系列的自由贸易协定.美国与东盟关系中存在着显而易见的"中国因素".美国"发起东盟事业倡议"是要巩固美国在东盟的存在,抵消中国的影响.在东盟的对外经贸关系中,美国占据重要地位.美国希望借助"发起东盟事业倡议",与东盟国家签署一系列自由贸易协定,来进一步扩大与东盟经贸关系.新加坡是东盟国家和亚洲国家中第一个与美国签署自由贸易协定的国家,目前美国还正在与泰国和马来西亚进行自由贸易协定的谈判.本文的目的是通过这一情况的介绍使我们更加深刻理解中国与东盟建立自由贸易区的必要性和急迫性. 相似文献
348.
349.
邓绍基 《江苏行政学院学报》2004,3(1):109-113
在魏晋南北朝"志怪"小说中就已出现的女主人公"离魂"、"还魂"故事,大多与爱情、婚姻问题联系在一起.细加区分,大致可分三种类型离魂型、还魂型和纯一的人鬼相恋型.这三种类型故事在发展过程中多有演变,也有交叉.以民间深层文化背景作观照,从各种视角来研究它们的演变和交叉,人们将会进入一个丰富的文化世界. 相似文献
350.
崔洪涛 《山东行政学院学报》2005,(6):87-88
不当得利制度的功能和构造也经由社会的演进、理论的发展和立法的变迁而被赋予更新的内容。不当得利制度在我国表现在立法中,条文设计极其简略,没有可操作性。故而对不当得利的法律构成、法律效果及法律研究进行探讨。 相似文献