当前我国袭警案件频繁发生的原因

当前,我国袭警案件频繁发生的主要原因有:社会治安形势的严峻性和复杂性;我国法律对警察执法缺少必要的保障;基层执勤民警的安全意识、自我保护意识不强;公安民警的警械装备不良和对使用枪支的困惑;舆论导向的负面作用;公安机关内部重义务轻权利的片面性教育。     

简论警察网络应对中的在线介入与离线防控——以美国为例谈网络作为维护社会稳定的重要"场域"

网络之于现实社会的巨大影响仍在快速发展和不断被认识中,其作为现实社会显现或潜在的巨大力量,也正被各国政府、营运企业及技术、法律各界高度关注。问题的焦点之一,即如何有效"规制"网络世界中那些与现实世界密切关联的方面,特别是那些于现实主流社会有巨大影响甚至是颠覆性影响的问题。以警察直接防范、打击的专业架构看,"在线介入"与"离线防控"的双重应对是一个思路。"在线介入",即"在线"的规制与干预,"离线防控",即落地的预防与控制。警察必须既作业于网络社会又作业于现实社会,既深入于"彼岸"又深入于"此岸",既是网络警察又是现实警察,既执行维护虚拟社会秩序的责任又执行维护现实社会秩序的责任!警察非于传统警务架构方面做出最大限度的跟进,才能适应这一全新的非传统的警务巨变。     

以“代位执法”解决警种分工过细问题

警种分工过细问题长期困扰着公安工作,它制约了公安机关整体合力的形成和发挥,加剧了警力不足,限制了民警的业务素质。实践中可以尝试实行“代位执法”,即在一定程度上允许跨职权处理一些事宜,同时设立相应的法规来规范这种跨职权处理行为。     

警察权力运行的规范与制约

警察权力是一项强大的公共权力,它一旦被滥用,会直接侵害公民的人身和财产权益,具有很大社会危害性。尽管近期我国对警察权力的运行作了进一步规范,但并未确立完善的警察权力的运行机制,导致警察权力侵害公民合法权益的事件频仍。任何权力都应受到限制,只有对警察权力的运行进行规范和制约,才能防止警察权力滥用,使警察权力能合法、合理地运行,更好地维护公共安全秩序。     

论《水浒传》梁山聚义的起因、性质和结局

《水浒传》中梁山英雄们进行的是一次自发的对上层统治集团的暴力反抗活动，不是一场有预先准备，精心组织的农民起义，他们被“逼上梁山”，从个体来看，大多并不是由于朝廷的压迫，而是由于自身的原因或为梁山集团所逼，但是从群体的角度来看，这么多人被逼上梁山，仍然反映了深刻的社会危机，从这一角度来看，《水浒传》仍然表达了“官逼民反”的思想，只是这“民”主要是流民阶层，正是由于其流民集团的性质，导致其最后走上失败之路，因此，梁山招安就具有必然性。     

建设高素质公安队伍要强化和完善三个机制

建设高素质的公安队伍 ,必须要有一个好的工作机制。这个工作机制就是强化和完善公开、平等的竞争机制 ,催人奋进的激励机制和全面严格的制约机制。     

COMMUNITY ACCOUNTABILITY,MINORITY THREAT,AND POLICE BRUTALITY: AN EXAMINATION OF CIVIL RIGHTS CRIMINAL COMPLAINTS*

A growing body of evidence shows that minorities are disproportionately the targets of police brutality, but important theoretical questions about the causes of that inequity remain unanswered. One promising line of research involves structural‐level analyses of the incidence of police brutality complaints; however, existing studies do not incorporate variables from alternative theoretical explanations. Drawing on the community accountability hypothesis and the threat hypothesis, we tested the predictions of two prominent structural‐level explanations of police brutality in a study of civil rights criminal complaints. The study included cities of 150,000+ population (n = 114). The findings reveal that two community accountability variables—ratio percent Hispanic citizens to percent Hispanic police officers and the presence of citizen review—were related positively to police brutality complaints, partially supporting that perspective. Two threat hypothesis measures of threatening people—percent black and percent Hispanic (in the Southwest)—were related positively to complaints, as predicted. The relative degree of support for the two hypotheses is assessed.     

事业单位人事法制建设的几点思考

建立完善的人事法律体系是我国民主法制建设的重要组成部分,是建设服务型政府、法治政府的需要。随着事业单位人事制度改革的推进,相关的法律法规建设也有待加强和完善,尤其是增加行政法规和部门规章的立法项目。尽快出台具有权威性的法律法规,对事业单位聘用制度、岗位管理、工资福利等方面进行全面规范。     

DOES CRIME JUST MOVE AROUND THE CORNER? A CONTROLLED STUDY OF SPATIAL DISPLACEMENT AND DIFFUSION OF CRIME CONTROL BENEFITS*

Recent studies point to the potential theoretical and practical benefits of focusing police resources on crime hot spots. However, many scholars have noted that such approaches risk displacing crime or disorder to other places where programs are not in place. Although much attention has been paid to the idea of displacement, methodological problems associated with measuring it have often been overlooked. We try to fill these gaps in measurement and understanding of displacement and the related phenomenon of diffusion of crime control benefits. Our main focus is on immediate spatial displacement or diffusion of crime to areas near the targeted sites of an intervention. Do focused crime prevention efforts at places simply result in a movement of offenders to areas nearby targeted sites—“do they simply move crime around the corner”? Or, conversely, will a crime prevention effort focusing on specific places lead to improvement in areas nearby—what has come to be termed a diffusion of crime control benefits? Our data are drawn from a controlled study of displacement and diffusion in Jersey City, New Jersey. Two sites with substantial street‐level crime and disorder were targeted and carefully monitored during an experimental period. Two neighboring areas were selected as “catchment areas” from which to assess immediate spatial displacement or diffusion. Intensive police interventions were applied to each target site but not to the catchment areas. More than 6,000 20‐minute social observations were conducted in the target and catchment areas. They were supplemented by interviews and ethnographic field observations. Our findings indicate that, at least for crime markets involving drugs and prostitution, crime does not simply move around the corner. Indeed, this study supports the position that the most likely outcome of such focused crime prevention efforts is a diffusion of crime control benefits to nearby areas.     

知识产权私权性质的变化及其与技术创新政策的协调机制探析

从知识经济时代知识产权传统私权性质的变化以及知识产权法律公法属性增强的现实出发,阐 明21世纪在作为重要生产要素的知识产权已经成为社会科技进步和经济增长的主要动力的前 提下,技术创新政策与知识产权法律的协调配合就成为整个激励智力创造和技术创新制度安排 的必须。对技术创新政策与知识产权法律的协调机制从总体上进行探讨,并就科技计划制定和 科技战略规划、科技成果界定及其知识产权归属以及科技成果的奖励制度等方面作了具体研究。