论危害结果与死刑的限制适用

危害结果在很大程度上反映出行为社会危害性的大小,在我国死刑裁量中发挥了重要作用。危害结果在很多情况下是作为酌定量刑情节的形态存在的,其对于死刑的限制适用具有重要意义。充分发挥危害结果情节在限制死刑适用中的作用,应当力戒死刑适用"唯后果论"的倾向;物质性的危害结果不是特别严重的,可以不判处死刑立即执行;危害结果的发生系存在介入因素的场合,应当慎用死刑立即执行。     

检察机关在违法所得没收程序中的地位和职责

我国新《刑事诉讼法》规定的“犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃匿、死亡案件违法所得的没收程序”具有刑事审判程序、对物程序、缺席审判程序及无刑事定罪程序的法律特征。检察机关在该程序中作为公诉机关向人民法院提出申请,其权力性质仍属于公诉权,同时作为法律监督机关依法履行法律监督职责。     

河南公安信息化建设研究

河南省公安机关紧紧围绕公安信息化引领实战的本质要求,加快信息化建设步伐,在信息化应用方面做出了积极有益的实践和探索,但在应用水平、实战效果、系统建设、专业队伍等方面还需完善提高,结合目前河南公安信息化工作现状和存在的主要问题,共同探讨推进信息化建设的若干对策。     

对查缉战术思想理论基础的思考

查缉战术是指导警察执法战斗自我保护和防止袭击的理论基础。缉控行动具有正义性、法律性、危险性、合理性、秘密性等特征,警察使用武力等级可划分为六级,需根据实战状况审慎使用。     

Low Self‐Control and Contact with the Criminal Justice System in a Nationally Representative Sample of Males

Prior research on law enforcement and court system actions suggests that offender demeanor influences practitioner decision making. However, few studies have examined a key implication of this body of work—namely, criminogenic factors associated not only with offending but also with demeanor may result in a greater likelihood of contact with and formal processing by law enforcement and the courts. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, we test the hypothesis that low self‐control, which is associated with a range of characteristics that might influence practitioner perceptions of individual offenders’ demeanors, will predict greater contact and formal processing. Briefly, we found that low self‐control was consistently related to criminal justice system involvement as measured by police contacts, arrests, age at first police contact, and arrest onset. The implications of the findings for theory and research are discussed.     

Searching for Equilibrium: The Tenuous Nature of the Outcome Test

Based on Engel's critique of the outcome test and Persico and Todd's response, the underlying assumptions critical to the outcome test are summarized and discussed. It is argued that many of these assumptions are not met when applied to police search data. The key underlying assumption—the principle of equilibrium—is examined in detail, and several additional concerns are raised. Thereafter, the proper interpretations of outcome test analyses are reiterated, and discussion regarding the types of racial bias demonstrated by these analyses is further explored.     

Examining Police Effectiveness as a Precursor to Legitimacy and Cooperation with Police

Numerous studies by Tyler and colleagues, as well as other scholars, support a normative, process model to account for variation in the public’s cooperation with police in the USA and other developed nations. However, a recent study in Ghana suggests that in developing countries fraught with high levels of violent crime and corruption, cooperation may instead be accounted for by a utilitarian, rational-choice model. Our study examines whether public cooperation with police in the developing nation of Trinidad and Tobago is associated with the process model or rational-choice model. Using in-person structured interviews with residents, we examined whether victims’ decisions to report to police were related to individuals’ perceptions about police effectiveness or police legitimacy. We found support for the process model. We discuss possible explanations for the divergence with Tankebe’s research in Ghana and suggest avenues for future research.     

我国土地征收市场化改革研究论纲

土地征收制度中出现的农民与政府、用地单位之间的多重矛盾,是近期学者关注较多的一个问题。对比西方国家的实务工作,我国的土地征收制度既存在问题,也有符合历史发展趋势的一面。为了缓解建设用地供应过程中的多重矛盾,我们倡导以市场调节为主导,以政府管制为辅助的改革方向,提出以公平待遇制度为基础,解决土地征收替代机制中五个主要矛盾的建议。     

法国重罪陪审制度的启示与借鉴

陪审制度具有重要的政治意蕴与司法功能。在法国,对于法定刑较重的重大案件,实行以随机方式抽选一般国民担任陪审员,由陪审员与职业法官组成合议庭,共同审理案件,一起决定定罪量刑的制度。法国重罪陪审制度对于完善我国人民陪审员制度,如构建重罪、复杂案件由陪审团审理的制度,取消对陪审员学历的要求、确立科学的陪审员遴选程序与陪审团评议表决程序方面具有重要的借鉴意义。     

土地征收审批的正当程序改革

程序正当是土地征收理应遵循的原则,实践中的改革已使报批前的准备阶段包含正当程序要素,然而公告之前的征收审批是否也应遵循该原则却有争议。征收审批内部程序运作的技术性设置不能改变其具体行政行为的属性,而其在实质上还具有对土地权利变动进行裁决的功能。征收审批的行为属性和功能属性理论上均要求引入正当程序。现行征收审批是由申请机关单方主宰信息的封闭决策过程,这导致审批机关缺乏第三方信息对报批材料进行验证。提高审批实效的要求呼唤引入正当程序作为信息传导机制。审批机关可利用拟被征收人表达异议或抗辩的信息弥补无法观测到申请机关行为的局限,增强对报批材料的核实能力。