北京地区人群血清型α2HS频率调查与血痕中α2HS的检测

本文采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶等电聚焦和免疫固定技术,调查北京地区随机人群的α2HS糖蛋白(α2HS)的频率分布。在185名无亲缘关系的健康人中,发现3种常见表型,即α2HS1-1型(99人)、2-1型(74人)、2-2型12人。未发现稀有型。基因频率为:α2HS~1=0.7351,α2HS~2=0.6490。室温中保存6个月的血痕,可检出其α2HS表型。     

抗α-1酸性糖蛋白血清的制备

作者用分离纯化的α-1酸性糖蛋白免疫新西兰兔,制备抗α-1酸性糖蛋白血清。鉴定结果表明,制备的抗血清与进口商品抗α-1酸性糖蛋白血清特异性相同;与人血清其他蛋白无交叉反应。琼脂双向扩散法测得抗血清效价为128,检出α-1酸性糖蛋白的最低浓度为204μg/ml。     

重组猪源CD40L体外诱导猪肺泡巨噬细胞IL-1β和TNF-α的分泌

本试验旨在研究重组猪源CD40L蛋白(recombinant porcine CD40L,rpCD40L)的生物学活性。利用Alexa Fluor 488标记rpCD40L后,在体外与CD40+原代猪肺泡巨噬细胞(porcine alveolar macrophages,PAMs)作用,荧光显微镜观察rpCD40L与PAMs的结合,并通过qPCR、ELISA检测作用12 h和24 h后PAMs IL-1β和TNF-αm RNA与蛋白水平的变化。结果显示,荧光标记的rpCD40L与CD40+PAMs作用后,PAMs呈现绿色荧光,rpCD40L与PAMs作用后在基因和蛋白水平促进了IL-1β和TNF-α的表达。结果表明,课题组前期获得的rpCD40L能够与CD40+PAMs结合,且诱导PAMs IL-1β和TNF-α的分泌。     

大鼠皮肤切创愈合过程中Cygb及HIF-1α mRNA的表达

目的探讨皮肤切创愈合过程中Cygb及HIF-1αmRNA表达的相关性及时间变化规律。方法 60只健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为9个实验组和1个正常对照组,建立大鼠皮肤全层切创模型,实验组分别于术后0、1、3、6、12、24、48、72、96h脱颈处死大鼠,提取创周皮肤总RNA,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测Cygb及HIF-1αmRNA的表达,实验组与对照组及各组间进行比较分析。结果 Cygb与HIF-1αmRNA创伤后表达的总体变化趋势基本一致,均于伤后12h首次达峰,分别为对照组的1.6倍和5.4倍(P<0.05);随后下降,并分别于伤后48h、72h再次升高,至96h达对照组的2.8倍和5.6倍(P<0.05)。结论大鼠皮肤切创愈合过程中Cygb与HIF-1 mRNA的表达呈现时序性变化且有一定的相关性,可作为皮肤损伤时间推断的指标。     

大鼠软组织挤压伤后NO对肝组织TNF-α和IL-1β基因表达的影响

目的 探讨一氧化氮（nitric oxide,NO）在大鼠软组织挤压伤后肝组织TNF-α和IL-1β基因表达中的作用. 方法 将大鼠随机分成对照组、挤压组、挤压后氨基胍（aminoguanidine,AG）处理组、挤压后L-精氨酸（L-arginine,L-Arg）处理组,经实验处理后检测血清中ALT、AST活性和NO浓度,并利用RT-PCR技术观察肝组织中TNF-α、IL-1β基因表达情况. 结果 与对照组比较,挤压组肝组织中TNF-α、IL-1β mRNA表达明显上调（P＜0.05）,应用L-Arg后TNF-α、IL-1β mRNA表达进一步上调（P＜0.05）,而应用AG后上述指标明显下降（P＜0.05）;与对照组比较,挤压组血清ALT、AST活性以及NO浓度明显增加（P＜0.05）,应用L-Arg后血清ALT、AST活性以及NO浓度进一步明显增高（P＜0.05）,应用AG后上述指标则明显降低（P＜0.05）. 结论 大鼠软组织挤压伤诱导NO生成增多,内源性NO介导肝组织TNF-α和IL-1β基因表达上调.     

Background Levels of Salivary-α-amylase Plus Foreign DNA in Cases of Oral Intercourse: a Female Perspective

Saliva plus DNA from a suspect is commonly encountered in sexual assault cases on bodily swabs. However, without background knowledge, the weight of this evidence is unknown. It may indicate the presence of saliva resulting from cunnilingus, or it may represent indirect transfer. In this study, females who refrained from cunnilingus donated 43 items of underwear and 19 vaginal swabs. The samples were subjected to Phadebas^®, RSID^™-Saliva and mRNA profiling and were subsequently DNA-profiled to determine the prevalence of background saliva in the female population. The results report that 15.8% of females who refrained from cunnilingus were positive for saliva and a further 10.5% also had DNA from unknown source(s). These findings of the rate of indirect transfer were evaluated with the Bayesian approach, and it was found that the evidence of saliva plus a high foreign DNA source adds moderately strong support to the allegation of cunnilingus.     

实时定量PCR检测大鼠脑挫伤后HIF-1α mRNA的表达

目的研究大鼠脑挫伤后挫伤部位脑组织HIF-1α mRNA的表达随损伤时间变化的规律及其在脑损伤时间推断中的应用。方法以Feeney法建立大鼠闭合性脑挫伤模型,应用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测脑挫伤部位HIF-1α mRNA的表达,采用2-△△Ct法比较实验组与对照组脑组织HIF-1α mRNA表达的倍数关系。结果与对照组相比,HIF-1α mRNA的表达在伤后1h即达到高峰,随后下降,伤后24h出现一次较小高峰,3～14d逐渐恢复至对照组水平。结论脑挫伤后HIF-1α mRNA的表达随损伤时间的变化呈现出一定规律性,可作为推断早期脑挫伤经过时间的生物学指标之一。     

α_2HS-糖蛋白、α_1-抗胰蛋白酶和GC的同步分型与应用

作者应用等电聚焦技术,建立了同步检测α_2HS-糖蛋白表型,α_1-抗胰蛋白酶亚型和GC亚型的方法。本法累计个人识别机率为0.9701,累计非父排除率为0.5811、是国内外同步电泳分型史鉴别效率最高的方法。在11例亲子鉴定中应用本法取得了满意结果。     

Distribution and metabolic pathway of flualprazolam in rat

Objective To probe into the distribution and metabolic pathway of flualprazolam plus its main metabolite (α – hydroxylflualprazolam) in rat. Methods 40 SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups and fasted for 12 hours, with the first group being fed of flualprazolam by gavage as per 0.45 mg/kg and having their respective blood collected from tail vein at different time and each one’s urine received every day after administration. The second group was taken as the blank control to the first one. The third group was executed at 0.25h after drug administration, having their respective blood, heart, liver, lung, kidney, brain, spleen and muscle collected and extracted with rapid solvent extraction. The fourth group was the blank control against the third one. The distributing and metabolizing flualprazolam and α-hydroxyflualprazolam were detected through HPLC-MS/MS. Results Flualprazolam was found of rapid distributing and metabolizing in rats, reaching its highest blood concentration within 0.25h, having shown its sequential distribution in various organs as follows: kidney > brain > heart > liver > spleen > muscle > muscle > lung > blood. Yet, α-hydroxyflualprazolam demonstrated its discrepant organ-specific distributing order: liver > kidney > heart > spleen > lung > muscle > blood > brain. Conclusion The experiment has showed the distribution and degradation of flualprazolam and its main metabolite in rats who were administered of flualprazolam by gavage, capable of providing scientific basis for flualprazolam to test in vivo and have its metabolic pathway analyzed. © 2021, Editorial Office of Forensic Science and Technology. All rights reserved.     

大鼠脊髓损伤后HIF—1α基因的表达

目的观察大鼠脊髓损伤后低氧诱导因子-1α（HIF—1α）的表达规律，探讨其在脊髓损伤发生发展过程中的作用及法医学应用。方法建立大鼠静压脊髓损伤模型，采用RT—PCR和免疫组化SP法对伤后不同时间（0、3、6、12h和1、3、5、7、11、14d）HIF-1α和HIF-1α mRNA的表达进行检测，BI2000图像分析系统分析结果。结果正常及假手术对照组大鼠脊髓组织内有低水平的HIF-1α mRNA表达，但几乎检测不到HIF-1α阳性细胞；脊髓损伤后，HIF-1α及HIF-1α mRNA表达开始升高，其中HIF-1α mRNA表达在伤后3h开始增加，3d达高峰，14d时恢复正常；HIF—1α表达在伤后3h开始增加，1d达高峰，较HIF—1α mRNA的达峰时间（伤后3d）提前。HIF-1α免疫阳性产物可见于脊髓神经元、胶质细胞、室管膜细胞及间质内的血管内皮细胞。结论脊髓损伤后HIF-1α基因表达开始升高，对组织和细胞起低氧保护作用，其表达的时序性规律可望用于法医学损伤时间推断。