芪黄健脾滋肾颗粒治疗系统性红斑狼疮的疗效观察

目的 观察芪黄健脾滋肾颗粒治疗系统性红斑狼疮（systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE）的临床疗效及对患者生活质量的影响。方法 将60例SLE患者随机分成对照组和观察组,每组30例,对照组予以醋酸泼尼松片联合硫酸羟氯喹片口服,观察组在对照组治疗的基础上加芪黄健脾滋肾颗粒口服,疗程均为12周;观察两组患者治疗前后狼疮生活质量（lupus quality of life,Lupus QOL）量表评分、SLE疾病活动指数（SLE disease activity index,SLEDAI）和中医症状评分的变化,检测治疗前后中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio,NLR）、24 h尿蛋白（24 hour urine protein,24hUP）、免疫球蛋白（immunoglobulin,Ig）G、IgM、IgA及血清补体（complement,C）3、C4水平。结果 观察组疗效优于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗后两组患者SLEDAI、中医症状评分较治疗前均显著减少（P＜0.05）,NLR、24hUP、IgG、IgM、IgA水平较治疗前均显著降低（P＜0.05）,且观察组减少或降低程度均较对照组更为显著（P＜0.05）;Lupus QOL量表各项评分较治疗前均显著增加（P＜0.05）,C3、C4水平均较治疗前显著升高（P＜0.05）,且观察组增加或升高程度均较对照组更为显著（P＜0.05）。结论 芪黄健脾滋肾颗粒治疗SLE临床疗效显著,具有免疫调节和抗炎作用,能显著改善患者生活质量。     

Deliberative qualities in televised election debates: the influence of the electoral system and populism

Abstract

Concerns are raised repeatedly about the quality of televised debates. Both a country’s electoral system and the presence of populist candidates have been argued to influence the deliberative qualities of these debates. By using an extended version of the Discourse Quality Index, this study conducts a content analysis of 12 televised election debates in Germany, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom between 2009 and 2015. Against expectations, results show that politicians in multiparty systems do not justify their policy positions more and are not more respectful in the televised debates. Rather, this study uncovers a clear populist challenge to key deliberative debate qualities across party systems. Left- and right-wing populist politicians adopt more positions without proper justification, and the presence of right-wing populists in the televised debates increases the number of disrespectful interactions, lowering the deliberative qualities of the televised debates in different electoral contexts.     

Test for contamination in connection with renovation of post-PCR laboratories

The Teilum building housing the Department of Forensic Medicine at the University of Copenhagen was renovated in 2021/22. All windows were replaced, and the heating system was upgraded. During the renovation, the usual measures to prevent PCR products from escaping the post-PCR laboratories could not be maintained, since construction workers had to move in and out of the rooms carrying tools and debris. Instead, new measures were introduced, that included 1) the construction of a changing room for the workers with immediate access to the post-PCR laboratories, 2) clothing and shoes for the workers, that should only be worn inside the post-PCR laboratories, and 3) strict limitations on the areas the workers could enter, while renovating the post-PCR laboratories. Samples were taken before, during and after the renovation to monitor the possible spread of PCR products from the post-PCR areas. Mixtures of gDNA and PCR products were detected in only three of the 303 samples. All three samples were collected from the post-PCR areas prior to the renovation began, which indicated that the renovation did not cause wide-spread contamination of PCR products.     

DNA evidence in South Africa: Lessons learned to date

A trend was noted over the past 15 years in the South African courts. This trend has a multi-factorial origin and highlights the problems faced in the use of forensic science evidence in court. Although there have been improvements on how DNA evidence is gathered and presented in court, due to the fact that certain cases have been contested at the DNA evidence level, multiple issues remain that have not yet been addressed when DNA evidence is submitted to court. These issues include: accreditation, regulation of the forensic science profession, continued education, training of court officials, quality assurance, biased testimony, lack of transparency with regard to processes and procedures followed in the forensic community, incorrect interpretation of DNA evidence, lack of scientific knowledge (including the scientific method) by DNA experts, awareness by the legal profession and an over emphasis on the prosecuting perspective. These same aspects continue to plague current cases. Despite the above, the window of opportunity to address the above has not yet passed. However, it will take continuous and concerted efforts from the scientific and legal professions to bring about the appropriate change to facilitate justice for all in South Africa.     

News,Talk, Opinion,Participation: The Part Played by Conversation in Deliberative Democracy

Deliberative democracy can be defined as a political system based on citizens' free discussion of public issues. While most scholars have discussed deliberative democracy normatively, this study attempts to test the validity of a model of deliberative democracy through examining the interrelationships among its four components: newsmedia use, political conversation, opinion formation, and political participation. Sufficient empirical evidence was found to support the hypotheses that (a) news-media use is closely associated with the frequency of political conversation in daily life both at general and issue-specific levels; (b) willingness to argue with those who have different opinions is influenced by majority perceptions and by news-media use and political talk; (c) news-media use and political conversation have positive effects on certain measures of the quality of opinions (argument quality, consideredness, and opinionation) and perhaps on opinion consistency; and (d) news-media use and political conversation are closely associated also with participatory activities, but more so with "campaigning" than "complaining."     

新时期公安院校学员人文素质培养的路径探析

公安院校对学员进行人文素质的培养是公安教育本质的体现,将人文教育融入警务教学中,充分发挥人文教育功能,这也是公安学科素质教育不可或缺的重要内容.新时期,我国公安教育中人文素质培养还存在着一些问题.在公安教育中,公安职业技能培养和社会人文素质教育对学员成才的影响是互助关系,公安院校应以转变教育思想为先导,构建以人文素质为主的特色警务课程,通过加强公安专业课堂教学与对学员进行警察人文教育的有机结合,以全方位育人的理念来提升公安院校学员的综合素质.     

Forensic mental health assessment in France: Recommendations for quality improvement

The quality of forensic mental health assessment has been a growing concern in various countries on both sides of the Atlantic, but the legal systems are not always comparable and some aspects of forensic assessment are specific to a given country. This paper describes the legal context of forensic psychological assessment in France (i.e. pre-trial investigation phase entrusted to a judge, with mental health assessment performed by preselected professionals called “experts” in French), its advantages and its pitfalls. Forensic psychiatric or psychological assessment is often an essential and decisive element in criminal cases, but since a judiciary scandal which was made public in 2005 (the Outreau case) there has been increasing criticism from the public and the legal profession regarding the reliability of clinical conclusions. Several academic studies and a parliamentary report have highlighted various faulty aspects in both the judiciary process and the mental health assessments. The heterogeneity of expert practices in France appears to be mainly related to a lack of consensus on several core notions such as mental health diagnosis or assessment methods, poor working conditions, lack of specialized training, and insufficient familiarity with the Code of Ethics. In this article we describe and analyze the French practice of forensic psychologists and psychiatrists in criminal cases and propose steps that could be taken to improve its quality, such as setting up specialized training courses, enforcing the Code of Ethics for psychologists, and calling for consensus on diagnostic and assessment methods.     

融资租赁合同项下租赁物的质量瑕疵担保责任——从一起仲裁案例说起

融资租赁合同是集买卖、租赁、融资于一体的一种特殊类型的合同。1999年施行的《中华人民共和国合同法》将融资租赁合同规定为15类有名合同之一。近年来该类型案件诉至法院和仲裁的数量呈上升趋势。本文从一起案例入手,结合实务与理论,阐述在租赁物存在质量问题的情况下,合同各方的法律地位及应享有及承担的权利和义务。     

益气养阴汤联合厄洛替尼对中晚期肺腺癌患者生活质量的影响

目的 观察益气养阴汤联合厄洛替尼对中晚期肺腺癌患者生活质量的影响。方法 选取2016年12月至2018年2月六安市中医医院肿瘤放射治疗科住院部及门诊部中晚期肺腺癌患者60例，按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组和治疗组，每组30例。对照组患者单独服用厄洛替尼，治疗组患者服用益气养阴汤和厄洛替尼，疗程1个月。结果 两组基于体质量变化和食欲评分的疗效比较，以及两组白细胞、血小板计数降低和腹泻程度比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05），治疗组患者体质量增加、食欲改善程度明显优于对照组，白细胞、血小板计数降低和腹泻程度明显轻于对照组。结论 益气养阴汤联合厄洛替尼明显改善中晚期肺腺患者的生活质量。     

干部选拔任用工作中的民主质量问题探析

近年来，干部选拔任用工作逐渐扩大民主，但是扩大民主后民主质量却不高，原因是多方面的，从主观方面来说，参与主体民主意识不强，民主素养不高，从客观方面来说，民主渠道不畅通；文件规范不明确；监督实施不到位。基于这种情况，提高干部选拔任用工作民主质量应该从以下几个方面着手：教育和引导群众，提高干部群众的民主素质；疏通民主渠道，为信息畅通搭建平台；完善文件规范，为具体操作统一标准；健全监督机制，为民主的落实建立机制保障。