Singing in “another” language: how pronunciation matters in the organisation of choral rehearsals

In this paper, I analyse the rehearsals of a choir and focus on sequences during which participants correct and practise the pronunciation of an item. In order to sing in a choir, singers orient both to musical relevancies (such as melody, pitch and rhythm) and to the linguistic features of the words they sing (such as articulation of consonants or vowels, cutting of the syllables, accent): these features are fundamental to singing and can be the object of correction. I hereby take into consideration “second language” singing and show that, during this activity, the correction of a word pronunciation can be initiated and realised either by the director or by the singers themselves. I analyse the structure of these sequences and show their implication for the organisation of the activity and for the participatory dynamics of the rehearsals. Based on the video-recordings of the rehearsals of the choir of a music school, my analyses take into account both the audible and visible resources participants orient to; they thus contribute to a conversation analytical and multimodal perspective on the interactional and institutional activity of music rehearsals.     

中日经济立法与理论研究之比较

中日两国都是当今世界上经济法最为繁盛的国家。两国的经济都经历三个非常相似的阶段,两国的经济法立法相应地分为三个阶段。纵观中日两国经济法立法史,中、日两国都十分重视经济法立法,强调政府对经济发展的主导作用,立法赋予了政府较多市场规制权限,“强政府”形象凸显于市场。但是,二者之间的差异也是十分明显的。中国的经济法学研究在短短的二十年之内经历了模仿、引进阶段,逐步形成了独具特色、成熟的经济法理论体系,流派纷呈。在日本,经济法学界的分歧较小,普遍认为反垄断法是经济法的核心和基本内容。     

以违法与责任为支柱构建犯罪论体系

对犯罪实体的认识不能仅停留在"客观"与"主观"两个概念上;犯罪论体系应当以价值或目的作为出发点,从而体现评价;以违法与责任为支柱构建犯罪论体系,具有充分根据与内在合理性。     

论中国特色社会工作理论框架的构建

在社会工作专业化发展的进程中，长期存在着理论研究相对滞后的倾向。这种倾向对我国恢复和重建中的专业工作及其教育产生了严重的影响。要适应我国社会结构转型的需要，促进专业化社会工作及其教育的健康发展，中国社会工作学界必须立足中国，善于创新，构建起有中国特色的社会工作专业理论体系，实现社会工作理论与方法的本土化。     

Negotiating Umbrella Agreements

Experienced negotiators know that it is often impossible to define all terms of a complex agreement. By negotiating umbrella agreements, the negotiating parties try to balance the need for certainty and calculability of give-and-take processes with the need to remain sufficiently flexible to embrace new or emerging business opportunities. Umbrella agreements describe a joint consent that explicitly articulates a framework of rules and principles that guides future agreements. It is argued that negotiators are better able to maximize their joint gains if they differentiate between agreements and the framework in which agreements are made.     

斯大林对中国大革命的功过是非

中国大革命能够蓬勃兴起又以失败告终,均为多种主客观因素所促成。远在异国他乡遥控指挥的斯大林,在理论指导和重大决策上均有正确和错误两种成分,产生的正负两种效应都对中国大革命曲折历程起了重大的作用。斯大林指挥失误具有多方面的原因和教训。     

中美政府购买服务模式比较——框架、要素及优化路径

作为项目制治理中的重要构件，政府购买服务在推动地方治理创新和提升治理能力方面发挥着重要的增量改革作用。然而，当前有关中外政府购买服务的制度、模式和结构等的中观比较研究较为匮乏。文章基于制度比较分析法，选择中美两国政府购买服务模式进行对照比较，从框架、要素和路径三个层面进行分析并借鉴“求同法”逻辑讨论制度模式问题。研究发现：美国政府执政中的效率观转向公共价值观的变化，成为具有系统性、延展性和多元性的政府购买服务制度的重要基础；中美政府购买服务政策过程中的购买领域、规模、方式、资金分配、支付、购买限制、监管等要素存在较大的差异性，但是两者在政社互动关系层面又存在一定的共性问题，需要从政府购买方式、过程和监管等方面进一步推动政社“良性”合作关系的形成。     

An assessment of the proportionality of regulation of ‘over the top’ communications services under Europe's common regulatory framework for electronic communications networks and services

‘Over the top’ communications services such as Skype and FaceTime are changing the way we communicate, carrying voice and video traffic over the Internet. Unlike traditional mobile and fixed line alternatives, these services fall outside the reach of the common regulatory framework. Whilst an absence of regulation is not appropriate, neither is subjecting these services to the full gamut of regulation the path forward: an analysis of the core elements of the regulatory frameworks reveals that, in respect of data retention and privacy, harmonisation of regulation is appropriate. The remaining challenge is determining whether effective regulation could indeed be imposed on services offered from outside the EU.     

中国与越南财务会计概念框架比较

中国和越南的会计改革都在走与国际会计趋同的道路，财务会计概念框架的制定，虽然都借鉴了国际会计准则概念框架的内容，但都与本国的经济和法律环境保持一致。因此，两国财务会计概念框架在会计目标、会计信息质量要求、会计要素的确认与计量等方面都反映了本国的要求，但是也存在一些差异。找出差异，再进行分析与协调，将是中国与越南及东盟国家会计趋同的路径。