Performance Management and Deficit Adjustment in U.S. Cities: An Exploratory Study

Performance management or PM has been promoted as a tool to transform government. Claims that PM will enable governments to “do more with less,” “increase efficiency,” provide “value for money,” and make “rational budget decisions” abound. Has PM helped city governments in the United States cope with the effects of the 2007–2009 Great Recession? Theory suggests that PM can provide the informational and analytical foundation necessary for city officials to implement comprehensive but conflictive budget-cutting and revenue-raising strategies. By facilitating deep expenditure cuts and tax increases, PM can indirectly influence budget deficits. Using data from a national survey of city governments and multiyear audited financial reports, the empirical analysis shows that PM cities favored what are essentially decremental responses to fiscal crises that lead to marginal changes in revenues and expenditures. Not surprisingly, there is no evidence that PM influences the size and change in budget shortfalls.     

我国农村城市化滞后的相关分析

从发展模式、发展程度和所处的发展阶段三个方面判断,我国农村城市化水平偏低,其原因既有资源性约束,也有体制性约束,这对我国经济社会发展带来了一系列的影响。     

试论美国纽约市法庭科学工作

纽约市是美国第一大城市,人口众多,经济发达,其法庭科学在国际上也享有声望。纽约市法庭科学部门主要分布在警察局(NYPD)和法医局(OCME)两大机构,警察系统的法庭科学机构主要负责毒品、微量物证、指纹、痕迹、枪弹及文件检验,法医局则进行DNA、毒化、法医病理、法医人类学方面的检验。本文首先介绍美国的警察制度及纽约市警察局概况,然后分别从警察局和法医局两个部门对纽约市法庭科学的部门隶属、部门设置与工作职能情况进行介绍。     

超大城市精细化管理的地方实践与反思

当前,以精细化管理引领超大城市发展已成为重要战略导向.相关研究表明,有必要对超大城市精细化管理面临的内在风险和困境进行深度反思,如精细化管理与"过制度化"之间的关系有待商榷,"熟悉式"治理并非尽善尽美,对秩序和确定性的过度追求存在内生性风险与局限,"技术至上"与系统施策之间存在冲突,精细化管理面临"应用条件"的约束.从...     

Upward mobility implications on the aspirant middle class in emerging economies

This article unearths the salient factors that trap the aspiring middle class in their progression towards a stable middle class in the City of Johannesburg, South Africa. The study utilises a quantitative case study design, drawing on a sample of 449 aspirants and 578 middle-class heads of households from the 2021 Gauteng City-Region Observatory Quality of Life Survey. A binary logistic regression model was used to analyse these salient factors (key determinants) and their impact on the social mobility of the aspirant middle class. Findings reveal a significant relationship between social mobility and education, racial inequality, asset ownership, access to economic opportunities and proximity to amenities. We suggest local government policies that positively influence the conditions of these determinants for sustained mobility of the aspirant middle class over time.     

对我国城市规划进行环境评价的必要性及其技术思路的探讨

本文通过对国内外城市规划的发展及其对环境的影响分析,阐述了城市规划与可持续发展的关系,以及对城市规划进行战略环境评价的重要性.文中介绍了几个发达国家开展城市规划环境评价的情况,探讨了中国城市规划战略环境评价的技术路线及工作重点并提出了相应的建议.     

溧阳市创建环保模范城市工作初探

分析了创建环保模范城市的现实意义及溧阳市创建环保模范城市的优劣条件 ,提出了溧阳市争创环保模范城市的具体措施     

苗疆旧州古城在近代繁荣的原因讨论——山林农业与大田稻作农业交汇研究

旧州在贵州黄平县,地处苗疆重镇,清末民初是旧州文化经济发展较繁荣的时期。今天留下来的古城依稀可见当年的繁华情形,旧州的繁荣是汉苗价值由冲突转入平衡的体现。最直接的表现是汉族大田农业(单一的稻作农业),同苗族的山林农业有效地结合。诞生出一种生命力更强的文化生态,旧州古城的繁荣是两种农业文明碰撞、交汇的结果。     

城管制度中主客体二元对立的困境与突破

今日中国,城市管理是一个非常艰难的问题,特别是在这几年,城管和流动摊贩之间的冲突与日俱增,愈演愈烈。然而,富有戏剧性的是城市生活的保障,离不开流动摊贩的存在,但同时一旦存在流动摊贩,城市环境和生态就相应被损害,这个悖论在现有制度框架体系内好像不容易被改变或者规避。城市管理制度中主客体二元对立的困境是否能够打破,需要我们从二元对立的本质入手进行分析,探究对立的原因,在此基础上,探索突破的路径所在。     

世博期间道口涉外查控及外管工作的有关启示——以沪昆高速枫泾道口涉外查控工作为例

在2010上海世博会期间,上海公安在道口涉外查控中,创新了战地培训新方式,充分发挥警务联动机制,有效形成道口涉外查控合力.同时积极推进社会管理创新,建立出入境区域警务合作;通过统筹各方面资源,构建大外管工作格局;整合内部资源,加强外管工作的诸警联动.