民国时期集体劳动合同立法述论 —— 以 1930 年《团体协约法》为中心

民国时期,通常将个别劳动合同称为劳动契约,而将集体劳动合同称为团体协约。中国劳工立 法较迟,团体协约立法则更晚。国民政府有关团体协约的立法最早可以追溯至 1929 年《劳动法典草案》的编纂, 其后在《工会法》起草过程中也有团体契约权的规定。延至 1930 年,国民政府正式颁行《团体协约法》,这是 中国历史上第一部有关集体劳动合同的专门法律。《团体协约法》的出台因应了当时中国工业化过程中劳资冲 突的实际需求,但也不可避免地存在历史局限。     

Trade Unions and Political Parties in Italy (1946–2014): Ideological Positions and Critical Junctures

The paper investigates party-union relationships in Italy (1946–2014) by hand-coding parties’ parliamentary speeches and trade unions’ congress motions. In line with the cartel party thesis, a time series analysis shows that the ideological closeness between the left-wing Italian General Confederation of Labour and left-wing parties deteriorated when the Italian Socialist Party (1980) and the heirs of the Italian Communist Party (1998) converged toward the centre of the ideological spectrum. Conversely, the closeness between the Catholic-inspired Italian Confederation of Workers’ Unions and the heirs of Christian Democracy increased after 1994, when the former party’s leftist factions became the major part of the Italian Popular Party.     

民事责任能力范畴分析

民事责任能力是民法中的基础性概念.任何法律关系的主体只要具备民事主体资格,该主体即拥有民事责任能力.民事责任能力隐含在民事权利能力之中,享有民事权利、承担民事义务和民事责任的资格三位一体,构成民事权利能力不可分割的要素.民事主体的民事责任能力状况,与该主体的民事行为能力和认识能力无关.民事责任能力制度贯穿于合同法、侵权法等民法分则的各个组成部分,将其局限于民法分则的任何一部分都是对民事责任能力的不当割裂.     

切实加强工会组织网络建设不断提升工会组织维权能力——大连开发区外企工会联合会建立10年的基本总结和启示

大连开发区外企工会联合会(简称外企联)是一个隶属于大连市开放先导区总工会的内部组织机构。外企联建立10年来,在加强工会组织网络建设,提升工会组织维权能力方面,进行了有益的探索,充分发挥"四平"、"四带"、"学校"、"顾问"、"创新"作用,取得一些有益经验。     

企业商业秘密的保护

商业秘密对于企业的重要性不言而喻,很多国家都制定了专门的法律法规对其进行保护。面对我国当前在商业秘密保护方面所面临的严峻形势,除了应借鉴国外大企业关于商业秘密保护的一些实际有效的措施之外,还应通过法律途径加强对商业秘密的保护和救济。     

试论唐至清初潮州的海外贸易与海上走私

潮州与海外诸国的贸易往来很早就有,但在唐至清初这一时段里,潮州诸港从未成为官府承认的、合法的、正式的对外贸易港口。潮州通番走私贸易从内容上看,有非法地从事贸易与非法地从事违禁物品贸易之分;从形式上看又有下海通番与坐地通番之别。长期从事违禁贸易进一步助长了潮州人蔑视官府,视违禁为快速致富之路的不良风气,此种风气可以说是于今余绪犹存。     

Rereading the Public: Isolationism and Internationalism Revisited

This is the first installment in what we hope will be a recurring series of Forums in ISP. In each segment we intend to provide an outlet for peer-reviewed dialogue and debate on important topics in the field and to allow our readers to discuss material previously printed in the pages of ISP. Below are two comments on "Challenging U.S. Policymakers' Image of an Isolationist Public" by Steven Kull and Clay Ramsay published in ISP 1:1. Both comments raise a number of important issues pertaining to the relationship of public opinion and foreign policy, and also address more general questions of domestic impact on foreign policy outputs and several significant methodological questions about approaches to polling. The Forum begins first with comments by Richard Clark and Kenneth Dautrich, is followed by comments from Shoon Murray, and concludes with a response from Kull and Ramsay.     

预置防范装置行为的法律性质

如何认定预置防范装置行为的法律性质在司法实践中是一个较常见的问题,但是我国刑法理论对此缺乏深入、系统的探讨。预置防范装置行为总体上可以分为正当的和不正当的两类。正当的预置防范装置行为可以成立正当防卫和一般违法行为,不正当的预置防范装置行为构成犯罪。     

对盗窃信用卡并使用行为的定性

我国《刑法》第一百九十六条第三款规定:盗窃信用卡并使用的,以盗窃罪论处。该款规定并不妥当,因为盗窃信用卡并使用的行为可能触犯盗窃罪、信用卡诈骗罪或诈骗罪。故应予以删除。     

International institutions and market expectations: Stock price responses to the WTO ruling on the 2002 U.S. steel tariffs

Many scholars assert that international institutions have little power to enforce laws, punish offenders, or force compliance. Others stress that international institutions are important actors, specifically in the regulation of international trade. In this paper, I show that the recent trade dispute over U.S. steel protection provides us with a critical case to evaluate the role of the World Trade Organization in settling trade disputes and specifically stabilizing expectations of market actors over future steel policy. I argue that stock prices can serve as an important tool in answering these questions. In an empirical analysis using daily steel stock prices, I find that during the 2002 WTO steel case, the WTO dispute mechanism helped market actors stabilize expectations of future trade policy.