刑事诉讼中的传闻证据规则探究

在刑事诉讼中,如果允许传闻证据无限地流入审判,则会对裁判者认定事实的准确性造成负面影响;同时也会损害当事人的程序参与权,并最终殃及当事人的实体权益。为了化解传闻证据所引发的风险,各国都努力设计相应的对策,其中堪称成熟者当属英美法系国家所制定的传闻证据规则。因此我国有必要对英美法系国家的传闻证据规则进行深入的域外考察,通过概念解构和规则分析的方式探究其传闻证据的深刻内涵和传闻证据规则发展中的经验启示,从而推进我国刑事诉讼中传闻证据规则的完善和发展。     

浅论我国表见代理制度的立法规定及司法适用

我国<合同法>正式确立了表见代理制度,但规定得比较简单、原则.关于表见代理有许多问题存在争论,而现行<合同法>中关于表见代理制度的规定存在明显缺陷,有必要对<合同法>规定的表见代理成立条件做出某些法律适用上的限制性解释.建议进一步完善表见代理的立法规定.同时,就表见代理在司法实践中的认定以及程序操作等常见问题也存有一些值得探讨之处.以期对表见代理的理论和实践有所帮助.     

From the Wembley Conference to the ‘McDonnell Amendment’: Labour's Leadership Nomination Rules

A recent change to the Labour party's nomination rules for leadership elections was the eighth such major modification of this brief clause in the party's rule book since 1981. These changes have provided a barometer of factional conflict over this period and indicate the importance of gate‐keeping powers in leadership selection. This article recounts the history of these eight rule changes. It shows how the proportion of Labour MPs (and later MEPs) required to nominate candidates in leadership elections has oscillated markedly, as the left has tried to reduce it while centrists have sought to increase it. The most recent change in 2017, when the threshold was decreased to 10 per cent of Labour MPs and MEPs, was a victory for the left. The article argues that the changes to Labour's nomination rules, while lower‐key than the extension of voting rights from MPs to ordinary members, have been just as significant.     

Hung Parliaments and the Need for Clearer Rules of Government Formation

The general elections of 2017 and 2010 produced hung parliaments in which no single party could command an overall majority; in May 2015 the UK only narrowly avoided that outcome. When a parliament is hung, more than one potential government can be viable, and the constitutional rules that determine who has the first right to form the government can thus have a decisive influence on which government forms. In the past, the UK has applied several potentially contradictory rules (based on conventions and principles), which do not all follow an equally democratic logic. This status quo is problematic because it can generate political controversy and uncertainty, in addition to jeopardising the Monarch's role in the government formation process. A reform that enables parliament to elect the leader who will be tasked with the formation of the next government would resolve these problems and provide constitutional clarity.     

共同犯罪上诉审程序探析

共同犯罪上诉审程序设计就其基础而言可参考单人犯罪案件上诉审程序规则,但也有其特殊的实体性规则和程序操作规则。首先应依有利被告人理念确立平衡刑事责任的基本规则,主要包括部分被告人上诉则全案判决不生效、上诉利益同案被告人共享、对部分被告人抗诉引起的量刑变化不应打破主从犯认定体系以及案件事实认定争议的上诉区别对待等。其次应关注其具体程序操作规则,主要包括不上诉被告人应以证人身份出庭作证、合理安排上诉人发言顺序、共同上诉人撤诉和上诉期间防止共同犯罪被告人超期羁押等。此外,共同犯罪上诉审程序未来应当随着上诉审程序正当化而调整。     

越南乡规民约的发展及其当代思考

越南农村的乡规民约已经存在了许多世纪。它是由乡和村的居民们建立的"法律"。历史上,乡规民约是由乡村中世世代代遗留下的契约和习俗形成的。从法律角度讲,这些乡规民约形成了风俗习惯的法律条文,它长期存在于乡村,在历史上对越南国家的建立和维护做出了许多积极的贡献。总结历史,考察现状,乡规民约对于当前越南乡村治理也应是有力手段之一。     

地方性党内法规制度建设的困境与完善进路——基于政治系统论的研究视角

加强地方性党内法规制度建设是完善党内法规制度体系的关键环节,对中国特色社会主义法治建设具有联动性和整体性影响.本文基于对地方性党内法规制度建设的现有研究及其价值内涵的梳理,以政治系统论为研究视角分析地方性党内法规制度建设的当前困境并结合地方实际,从构建需求输入的规范机制、强化内外支持的输入供给、树立地方性党内法规权威、...     

行政法一般原则与行政法制度建构

行政法调整领域的庞杂使得规则不能涵盖所有的情形,同时行政法基本原则的相对宽泛性又对自由裁量权的控制无能为力。如何在行政法基本原则与规则之间建立一个中间层级的一般原则,以缓解基本原则的概括性所带来的冲突进而从容面对中国入世后的新挑战,便成为一个新的课题。     

司法审查的普通法之维——评《普通法与自由主义理论》

在《普通法与自由主义理论》一书中,尽管斯托纳追溯了美国司法审查的普通法渊源,但是他并未能揭示出普通法与美国司法审查之间的内在理论联系;根据哈耶克的理论.认为两者间的理论关系在于它们对正当行为规则的遵循,进而对司法审查的普通法分析所可能面临的批评进行了申辩.     

任意的当事人变更之再认识

关于任意的当事人变更,学说上存在诉之变更说、复合行为说以及特殊行为说三种观点.我国承袭苏联立法曾对其进行了粗略规定,随后又废止.理论研究及立法规则的缺位引发了制度的异化.从本质上而言,任意的当事人变更是一个关涉诉讼经济与程序保障调和的利益衡量问题.在当下诉讼资源紧缺的司法环境下,其具有不可或缺的重要价值.对任意的当事人...