守法的道德依据

守法与道德存在必然联系,即守法需要具备一定的道德基础、道德限度,也就是说,社会主体守法的自觉性与道德水平直接相关。同时,还要进一步明确遵守法律的理论依据,这对于完善中国特色社会主义法制理论有重要的现实意义。     

英美刑法中的道德痕迹

从英美刑法的具体罪名入手 ,可以看出英美刑法中的道德对法律的重要影响 ,并揭示道德和法律的联系性以及对我国立法的借鉴意义     

Avoiding blame when violating traffic rules: the development and validation of the justifications of traffic violations scale

Traffic norms violations are the most common form of law breaking. Our aim was to investigate a factor that might contribute to the massive disobedience to traffic laws, namely drivers’ use of self-legitimization strategies that allow them to transgress them without paying the psychological costs that would follow, such as regret or shame. Using the framework of the self-exoneration mechanisms described by the Social Cognitive Theory, we developed a measure assessing drivers’ strategies of justification of their traffic violations. Across two studies, we tested the psychometric proprieties of the Justifications of Traffic Violations scale (JTVs), its factorial structure, and its construct, external and incremental validity. Results showed that drivers self-exonerate when transgressing traffic laws predominantly through four strategies (Minimizing risks, Displacement of responsibility, Personal needs and Outcome – based justification) that are addressed by the JTVs and that construe one’s refraining from committing deviant driving behaviours as unnecessary, impossible or undesirable. The JTVs and each of its four specific cognitive mechanisms were found to be positively related to the most maladaptive driving styles, as well as to self-reported traffic offences and accidents, suggesting that these self-exonerating strategies favour the instilment and maintenance of habitual deviant behaviours on the road.     

隐性德育对警察院校大学生健康人格的塑造

隐性德育的作用机制是潜移默化的,更能深入大学生的内心,因此对警察院校大学生健康人格的塑造具有重要的作用。警察院校隐性德育可以通过三个层面来实施：一是挖掘教材中的隐性德育因素;二是教学活动中渗透隐性德育;三是发挥校园文化中的隐性德育功能。     

中外合作院校思想品德教育探索

中外合作院校处于本土文化与外来文化碰撞、冲击的前沿，其思想品德教育尚未引起这些院校的足够重视。中外合作院校对学生的思想品德教育工作面临巨大挑战。本文试着探索中外合作院校思想品德教育工作，希望能够起到抛砖引玉的作用。     

Public goods, taxes, and takings

Blume, Rubinfeld, and Shapiro [Blume, L., Rubinfeld, D., & Shapiro, P. (1984). The taking of law: When should compensation be paid? Quarterly Journal of Economics, 99, 71–92] first showed that compensation for takings can lead to a moral hazard problem that results in overinvestment in land suitable for public use. To the contrary, this paper shows that when compensation is financed by a proportional property tax, the compensation rule is irrelevant regarding the level of investment landowners make in their property, as well as the amount of land they authorize the government to acquire, both of which will be efficient. Intuitively, landowners recognize the equivalence of taxes and takings in budgetary terms, causing the distortionary effects of compensation and property taxation to cancel each other out through the balanced budget condition.     

计划经济体制下的道德预设和“阶级斗争”——从道德层面对1978年以前中国经济运行的分析

单一公有制和计划经济体制所需要的思想道德标准超越了当时的生产力发展水平和人民群众的觉悟,为了实现这个过高的道德标准,以与经济体制相匹配,毛泽东开展了一系列的思想道德建设运动,最后甚至运用了"阶级斗争"手段。但是这种试图依靠思想道德建设来保证单一公有制的社会主义经济运行,是不能解决问题的。     

法官伦理之概念解析

法官伦理是伴随着法官职业的形成、发展及社会需要而产生的一种特殊的社会意识形态和行为准则。法官伦理和整个社会的伦理道德观念有相适应的一面;同时法官伦理作为一种职业伦理,在很多方面又区别于一般社会伦理,具有自身的一系列价值特点和评判标准。法官的优良职业道德规范决非可以随意制定的,而只能通过社会制定其职业道德目的,从法官的职业行为事实的客观本性中推导、制定出来的。     

关于见义勇为的几点思考

近年来,随着诸多"见死不救"事件的出现,使得"见义勇为"与"见死不救"成为当前社会的一个热门话题,并且引发了人们关于道德法律化的思考,能否将"见死不救"入罪的提法也备受各方关注和争议。"见死不救"和"见义勇为"原本都属于道德调整的范畴,可以通过立法来奖励"见义勇为",但法不能将道德推向极致——不能将"见死不救"设定为犯罪行为。     

创新:网络时代中的高校德育

随着人类进入网络时代,互联网已成为影响青年学生思想品德、价值导向的重要方面,它向高校德育提出了信息化、开放性、交互性、隐蔽性等方面的挑战。高校德育只有实现教育渠道、教育模式、教育内容的创新,才能应对新形势,培养跨世纪人才。高校德育在网络时代进行创新还应加强高校德育队伍建设,加强网络管理,用主流文化占领网络阵地,重视学生的个性培养,提高学生的自我教育能力。