Globalization,International Organizations,and Telecommunications

Since the 1990s over 158 countries established pro‐market reforms in telecommunications—a fast pace for such a drastic change. For example, Sweden and Botswana, two nations vastly different across multiple dimensions, both liberalized their telecom sectors. Why did so many countries adopt liberal reforms in such a short period of time? Conventional wisdom highlights the role of global markets and technology, powerful states, global diffusion, and domestic politics. I argue that contrary to these claims, diffusion through key international organizations is the critical and overlooked factor in explaining rapid global convergence of pro‐market telecom reforms. Using an original dataset for 189 countries between 1970 and 2003 and event history analysis, I demonstrate that membership in key liberal trading organizations, especially the WTO and the OECD, increases the likelihood that countries will adopt liberal pro‐market reforms in telecommunications. These results speak directly to current public policy debates about the reregulation of global markets and bridges the literatures of policy diffusion, institutional design, and regulatory regimes.     

Volunteering in the Arab World: Bringing Back People into Politics?

This article analyzes the concept of volunteering in the Arab world. The main argument is that the nature of the Arab world in addition to the historical development of civil society directly affected the philosophy of volunteering in the region. Since civic services were not framed nor included in the national agendas of the state, this had a direct negative effect on the development of the act. However, due to social, economic, and political factors, this trend is changing: As of 2000, organizations and societies started to understand the importance of volunteering and its link to the social and economic revival of societies; Arab states started to encourage the act by providing the right legal and political environment. However, these different policies are not building democratic societies nor encouraging civic engagement. The article concludes with recommendations for how to bring people back into civic and political society as well as suggestions for future research.     

伪满洲国校园文化背景中的女性新文学及其存在语境

本文通过伪满洲国时期女子校园刊物《萃文季刊》和官方综合性期刊《新满洲》的女学生新文学现象,阐释日本文化殖民对殖民地青年女性渗透和毒害的演进。"五四"新文化运动生发的追求平等、自由和婚姻自主的"新女性"观,在殖民主义奴化教育下异化为国家民族性质的"贤妻良母主义"。"贤妻良母主义"是战时体制下日本军国主义推行的日本"妇德"在伪满洲国的移植。摇篮期的殖民地女性文学在五四新思想的自由理念和殖民地"国民精神"等历史"酵素"的作用下,承载了沉重而复杂的精神向度,使满洲青年女性的精神趋向由"五四"新文化影响的个体本位转向了殖民地"家国"本位的历史变异。考察伪满洲国校园女性文学现象,对于我们认识日本侵华时期对中国占领区实施殖民奴化教育和文化侵略具有重要的现实意义。     

科学发展观视阈中的马克思主义当代化与中国化

正确把握马克思主义当代化的发展趋势是推进马克思主义中国化理论事业的重要前提。冷战结束后,世界马克思主义对人的价值、民主、社会平等和生态文明的理论关注体现出了马克思主义当代化进程的主要趋势。科学发展观既适应了马克思主义当代化的主要趋势,又具有着自身独特的理论内涵和理论意义,以马克思主义中国化新的理论成果推动了马克思主义当代化的发展,标志着中国共产党人在正确认识马克思主义的当代化与中国化关系的问题上达到了新的理论自觉性和实践主动性。     

From Bandung to Brasilia: IBSA and the political lineage of South–South cooperation

This article aims to trace South–South cooperation political lineages connecting the Non-Aligned Movement and the IBSA (India, Brazil, South Africa) Forum. In order to determine whether IBSA could be considered the ‘heir’ to Bandung's principles, we analyse the concepts of ‘Third World’ and ‘Global South’ as well as their current applicability, the interpretations provided by existing literature on the IBSA grouping, and its member countries' shared views on different issues of the international agenda. The article also considers the historical evolution of ‘Southern’ diplomatic thought and actions. IBSA's actions and history, as well as its members, are studied to grasp how they are related to the Third World movement in the Cold War.     

Modernist art in the service of Nazi culture: Baldur von Schirach and the Junge Kunst im Deutschen Reich exhibition

ABSTRACT

Maertz's essay offers a history of a modernist art exhibition that opened in Vienna's Künstlerhaus under the patronage of Baldur von Schirach, the Führer's personal representative in that city, the second largest in Nazi Germany. The significance of the 1943 Junge Kunst im Deutschen Reich (New Art in the German Reich) exhibition lies in its assertion of a modernist variant of ‘official’ National Socialist art that clashes with the orthodox aesthetic system typically associated with the Third Reich.     

竞争法国际协调的法经济学分析

竞争法国际协调从性质上属于国际立法,国家是竞争法国际协调的主要参与者,国家的经济人特性以及缺乏一个超国家的立法机构的背景使得竞争国际立法与国内立法在立法目的、立法动力、立法路径与具体内容设置等方面都表现出很大的不同。竞争法的传统理论并不能当然套用到对竞争法国际协调行为的分析中去。从法经济学角度可以对竞争法国际协调的基本特征作重新解读。     

入世后我国外贸代理制运作法律环境之分析

依据我国的承诺,我国将逐渐取消对外贸权的限制,以登记制代替许可制,这意味着我国现行的外贸代理制赖以存在的基础已经发生根本性变化,建立在自由市场经济基础上的外贸代理制将成为发展方向,依据世贸组织的规则,参照相关国际代理公约,废除外贸代理方面的一些行政规章,完善我国民法关于代理制度的规定,制定有关代理的特别立法,将是我国外贸代理制度改革的主要方法.     

有效执行:新时期中国政府公共政策的理性选择

正确的政绩观的核心义涵在于维护法律的尊严,维护中央政府宏观公共政策的权威性.部分国家机关和国家公职人员对法律和国家宏观公共政策的轻视、漠视甚至蔑视,是造成公共政策执行有效性程度偏低的主因.政策执行人员的效忠国家的信念和遵从法律、维护社会正义的坚定性,对于有效执行法律和公共政策至关重要.     

试析邓小平的民族发展观的特点

邓小平同志在长期的实践探索中 ,逐步形成了以民族发展观为核心的民族理论。本文总结了邓小平民族发展观的特点为 :体现了创新精神 ,展示了世界眼光 ,根植于现实国情 ,发扬了务实作风 ,具有科学内涵。