英语教学应注重学生口头交际能力的培养

英语作为一门语言 ,是人们交流使用的工具。长期以来 ,我们的英语教学步入了一个误区 ,即忽略了对学生实际运用语言能力的培养 ,尤其是口头交际能力。作为英语教师 ,我们必须提高自身素质 ,在英语教学中 ,运用多种教学手段 ,努力培养学生的口头交际能力 ,以适应时代的需求。     

‘Fighting for the Right’: A Functionalist Oral-History Analysis of Conservative Brazilian Women from the Military Dictatorship (1964–1985) to Jair Bolsonaro's Presidency (2018–)

Conservative women in Brazil played a significant role in the 1964 military coup and Bolsonaro's 2018 election victory. Oral history interviews with conservative women who experienced these two significant political events indicate that they both occurred in a climate of heightened anxiety and anti-modern moral panic, where social order and traditional structures such as the family and the church were perceived to be under threat from feminism and Marxism. Although it is somewhat disregarded in contemporary studies, this article argues that functionalist ideology, which upholds the sanctity of the traditional family, serves to explain why Brazilian conservative women continue to fervently support the patriarchal status quo.     

任务型教学法在公安院校英语口语教学中的实证研究

大学英语教学正在发生着深刻的变化,英语口头能力的培养越来越受到重视。将任务型教学法运用到公安院校大学英语口语教学课堂中,能提高课堂教学效果,促进学生口语表达能力。     

Postmortem Diagnosis of Fatal Hypothermia by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis of Edema Fluid in Formalin-Fixed,Paraffin-Embedded Lung Tissues

The goal of this study was to investigate whether pulmonary edema could become a specific diagnostic marker for fatal hypothermia using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in combination with chemometrics. The spectral profile analysis indicated that hypothermia fatalities associated with pulmonary edema fluid contained more β-sheet protein conformational structures than the control causes of death, which included sudden cardiac death, brain injury, cerebrovascular disease, mechanical asphyxiation, intoxication, and drowning. Subsequently, the results of principal component analysis (PCA) further revealed that the content of β-sheet protein conformational structures in the pulmonary edema fluid was the main discriminatory marker between fatal hypothermia and the other causes of death. Ultimately, a robust postmortem diagnostic model for fatal hypothermia using a partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) algorithm was constructed. Pulmonary edema fluid spectra collected from eight new forensic autopsy cases that did not participate in the construction of the diagnostic model were predicted using the model. The results showed the causes of death of all these eight cases were correctly classified. In conclusion, this preliminary study demonstrates that FTIR spectroscopy in combination with chemometrics could be a promising approach for the postmortem diagnosis of fatal hypothermia.     

口供的证据地位及其可采性

口供在诉讼证据中的地位呈现出一种由低到高再逐渐降低的过程 ,反映了刑事诉讼证据制度由愚昧到科学、从野蛮到人道的不断发展进化的过程。各国关于口供可采性的规定大体分为两类 :其一、确认口供为法定证据 ,但必须加以限制 ;其二、认为口供不是法定证据 ,只有在特定情况下才能在诉讼中作为证据使用。我国应加强对口供证据地位及建立口供可采性规则的研究。     

阳和平喘颗粒对慢性哮喘大鼠气道炎症及血清基质金属蛋白酶2和9水平的影响

目的观察阳和平喘颗粒对慢性哮喘大鼠血清中基质金属蛋白酶-2(matrix metalloproteinases-2,MMP-2)、MMP-9及气道炎症的影响。方法取50只清洁级SD大鼠,随机分为正常组,模型组,阳和平喘颗粒低剂量、高剂量组,地塞米松组。采用卵清蛋白致敏激发哮喘。采用苏木精-伊红染色观察哮喘大鼠肺组织病理形态变化,光镜下计数支气管肺泡灌洗液中各炎性细胞,采用ELISA法检测血清MMP-2,MMP-9水平。结果光镜下发现,阳和平喘颗粒低、高剂量组及地塞米松组大鼠气道壁黏膜及周围肺组织炎性细胞浸润较模型组减少,气道上皮细胞增生较模型组明显减轻。与模型组比较,阳和平喘颗粒高剂量组和地塞米松组肺泡灌洗液中细胞总数、各炎性细胞数量及血清MMP-2和MMP-9水平明显降低(P0.05),而阳和平喘颗粒低剂量组肺泡灌洗液中细胞总数、各炎性细胞数量以及血清MMP-2均无显著变化(P0.05)。结论阳和平喘颗粒抑制哮喘气道炎性反应与降低血清MMP-2、MMP-9水平有关。     

Stumbling among Giants: Europe's Frustrated Solidarity with Guatemala, 1979–1996

In the 1980s, Central America became the Cold War's centre stage as Western solidarity committees rushed to shine a global spotlight on the region's revolutionary movements. Drawing on archival research and activist testimony, this article explores the uncharted European solidarity movement with Guatemala (1979–1996) and its transnational structural weaknesses. Additionally, this contribution aims to revisit recent transnational approaches to solidarity movements that highlight the purposive role of actors of the Global South in generating and shaping solidarity. Instead, it argues that restricted political spaces severely constrained Guatemalan agency domestically, affecting the strategies and tactics deployed on the international front.     

Detection of microRNAs in DNA Extractions for Forensic Biological Source Identification

Molecular‐based approaches for biological source identification are of great interest in the forensic community because of a lack of sensitivity and specificity in current methods. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been considered due to their robust nature and tissue specificity; however, analysis requires a separate RNA extraction, requiring an additional step in the forensic analysis workflow. The purpose of this study was to evaluate miRNA detection in blood, semen, and saliva using DNA extraction methods commonly utilized for forensic casework. RT‐qPCR analysis revealed that the tested miRNAs were consistently detectable across most tested DNA extraction methods, but detection was significantly reduced compared to RNA extracts in some biological fluids. DNase treatment was not necessary to achieve miRNA‐specific results. A previously developed miRNA panel for forensic body fluid identification was evaluated using DNA extracts, and largely demonstrated concordance with results from samples deriving from RNA extracts of semen, blood, and saliva.     

A novel multiplex assay system based on 10 methylation markers for forensic identification of body fluids

Identifying the source of body fluids found at a crime scene is an essential forensic step. Some methods based on DNA methylation played significant role in body fluids identification. Since DNA methylation is related to multiple factors, such as race, age, and diseases, it is necessary to know the methylation profile of a given population. In this study, we tested 19 body fluid-specific methylation markers in a Chinese Han population. A novel multiplex assay system based on the selected markers with smaller variation in methylation and stronger tissue-specific methylation were developed for the identification of body fluids. The multiplex assay were tested in 265 body fluid samples. A random forest model was established to predict the tissue source based on the methylation data of the 10 markers. The multiplex assay was evaluated by testing the sensitivity, the mixtures, and old samples. For the result, the novel multiplex assay based on 10 selected methylation markers presented good methylation profiles in all tested samples. The random forest model worked extremely well in predicting the source of body fluids, with an accuracy of 100% and 97.5% in training data and test data, respectively. The multiplex assay could accurately predict the tissue source from 0.5 ng genomic DNA, six-months-old samples and distinguish the minor component from a mixture of two components. Our results indicated that the methylation multiplex assay and the random forest model could provide a convenient tool for forensic practitioners in body fluid identification.