PRECOCIOUS ROLE ENTRY AS A MEDIATING FACTOR IN WOMEN'S METHAMPHETAMINE USE: IMPLICATIONS FOR LIFE‐COURSE AND PATHWAYS RESEARCH*

Precocious adoption of adult roles and responsibilities at an early age often has been linked to substance abuse and criminal behavior. Yet, much of the existing research suggests that early offending behaviors induce precocious movement into adulthood; less attention has focused on the way in which early adoption of adult roles and responsibilities might itself contribute to the onset of offending. In the following article, we examine the cumulative impact of early transitions into adult roles and responsibilities on the onset of methamphetamine (MA) use. Through inductive analyses of interviews with women methamphetamine users, we identified a range of adult roles and responsibilities that women described as facilitating their initiation into MA use, including family caretaking, motherhood, independent living, and peer and romantic associations with adults. Such findings have theoretical implications for both life‐course perspectives and feminist pathways research. They highlight the importance of attending to the timing and sequencing of experiences as well as highlight the gendered nature of these processes.     

公共管理者角色转换的概念与类别

公共管理人员作为公共问题的处理者和公共服务的供给者,存在着诸多的角色转换情景,诸如领导者与被领导者角色的转换、决策者与执行者角色的转换、公职角色与社会角色的转换等。处理好多种角色的转换是公共管理活动导向公共利益的基本保证。     

现代风险社会中危害性原则的角色定位

功利制约正义的国权主义刑法思想会使刑法成为控制风险与不安全性的重要工具,促使危害性原则内涵不断膨胀,刑法的社会机能随之扩张并使危害性原则的人权保障机能与批判机能逐渐丧失。在现代风险社会语境下,以保障人权、自由为本位的人本主义刑法理念仍然是立法与司法的基本准则。风险的控制应该是有梯度的,危害性原则必须与刑法谦抑思想并用才能成为刑事立法的指导原则;必须在形式的构成要件框架内,在形式理性优先于实质理性的前提下才能成为刑事司法的指导原则。     

中国的工作歧视:形式、原因及对策

本文是对我国工作歧视现象的研究。本文分析了我国工作歧视的形式,分析了工作歧视产生的原因,并且提出对策。本文认为,国家的作用在我国反工作歧视中至关重要,国家不仅要完善立法和执法,还要规范自身的用工行为,清理和及时废止与劳动者平等就业权相悖的法律法规,承担生育成本,培育劳动者自身组织的力量等等。     

满铁与“九·一八”事变

满铁是近代日本设在中国最大的"国策会社"。从其成立到解体,满铁始终在日本对华进行侵略和大陆扩张政策中发挥着重要作用。"九·一八"事变爆发后,满铁彻底撕下了企业的招牌,自动投入到关东军的麾下,成为关东军的左膀右臂,在日本对华侵略战中发挥着不可替代的作用。"九·一八"事变中,满铁充当了关东军的总后勤部、兵站基地、情报部,整个事变过程中起到了极为重要的作用。     

Using Game of Thrones to Teach International Relations

Despite the known benefits of long-term, game-based simulations they remain underutilized in Political Science classrooms. Simulations used are typically designed to reinforce a concept and are short-lived, lasting one or two class sessions; rarely are entire courses designed around a single simulation. Creating real-world conditions in which students operate often requires the development of distinct cultures and shared experiences that only long-term interactions can generate. These long-term interactions create a community where the past interactions of players matter when making decisions about future action. Long-term role-playing also gives students a forum to fully immerse themselves in the material resulting in deeper content comprehension. This article presents a framework for using a long-term, game-based simulation based on the popular television show Game of Thrones. The simulation uses an active learning approach to help students understand a variety of topics related to International Relations and related fields. The article concludes with a discussion on how the simulation can be modified to fit a variety of non-Political Science courses as well as provides the framework for an experimental design to test the effectiveness of the simulation.     

明末奢安事件的起因与作用

明末川南,贵州彝族首领奢崇明,安邦彦发起了西南多民族的反明武装斗争,这是封建朝廷极端的阶级与民族压迫政策的结果。首先在重庆起事的永宁宣抚司援辽军,系被朝廷大员克扣饷银、黥面等行径所逼反。奢安事件成为促使明王朝覆灭的重要因素之一。     

正确认识政策的地位和作用

政策的地位包括:政策是政党的生命,即政策是政党赖以建立的基础,政策是政党性质的重要标志,政策是政党行动的出发点和归宿,政策是政党实现团结统一的依据;政策是国家管理社会的手段,即政策是国家权力运行的具体体现,政策是政府实施管理的重要途经,政策是政府维护公众利益的主要手段。政策有导向性作用、协调性作用、控制性作用、管理性作用、分配性作用、象征性作用等。     

略论社会主义新农村建设中主体作用的发挥

农村劳动者是新农村建设的主体,实现新农村建设预定目标的关键在于主体参与的积极性和自觉性。只有建立起能够激励广大农民建设新农村的积极性的有效机制,才能激发起亿万农村劳动者建设家园的热情,并积极自觉地参与到新农村建设中。     

公安机关在处置群体性事件中的地位与作用

公安机关在处置群体性事件中不能大包大揽，也不能无所作为；公安机：关的性质和群体性事件的特征决定了公安机关在处置群体性事件中处于主力军的地位；公安机关在处置群体性事件中应当起到预防作用、参谋作用、劝说疏导作用、维护现场秩序和控制事件发展作用、平息事态作用、收集证据和打击违法犯罪作用，以及保护党政领导人身安全的作用。