Victims’ motivations for reporting to the ‘fraud justice network’

ABSTRACT

It is well-established that (online) fraud has one of the lowest reporting rates across all crime categories. However, there is a large gap examining why some victims choose to report online fraud offenses. Therefore, this paper examines the under-researched group of online fraud victims who reported their crimes to authorities. Based on interviews with 80 victims across Australia, who lost at least AUD10,000 to online fraud, this paper demonstrates two motivations behind reporting: a sense of individual justice, and an altruistic notion of protecting others. The paper also highlights the negativity associated with the reporting process. The paper uses these findings to determine what can be learnt from the victims who were willing to report. It concludes with a discussion of the challenges evident in seeking to improve the confidence of victims reporting to authorities.     

论刑事司法公众认同缺失的原因

行政与司法的二元化模式是刑事司法公众认同缺失的制度原因。立法的精英化与司法评价的平民化是刑事司法公众认同缺失的主体原因。刑事判决技术化过剩而判决伦理化缺失是刑事司法公众认同缺失的法律原因。     

当下中国能动司法的知识反思

当下中国的能动司法要充分发挥其积极作用并同时避免不利的实践与后果,就必须要恪守能动司法的限度;也即要处理好“能动”地司法与“依法”司法之间的关系,并在此基础之上型构起能动司法的边界。因而,这不仅意味着,当下中国司法场域里的能动司法,必须要认真对待法治的基本原则,甚至是“法条主义”;而且也意味着当下中国的司法改革,必须要摆脱长期以来西方二元对立的司法知识观对中国司法裁判与司法发展的宰制,以一种新的、当然也是适合于中国社会的司法知识观来引领中国的司法发展。     

Expectations from Administrative Reforms: An Attempt to Implement the Balanced Scorecard in a Public Sector Organization

The aim of this case study is to explore what actors in a Swedish municipality expect from a new administrative reform (i.e., an attempt to implement the Balanced Scorecard). The findings show that the expectations on changes are highest among the politicians, moderate among the administrators, and lowest among the operative employees. The differences can be explained by the way the reform is anticipated to favor or disfavor the actors, who in turn are influenced by the actors' past experiences. Most of the expressed expectations concern expectations of the outcome of the administrative reform, but some concern expectations on the reform itself.     

公平正义视域下的基本公共服务均等化

基本公共服务均等化是保障公平正义的基础,公平正义是基本公共服务均等化的本质要求。我国基本公共服务供给不足、发展失衡直接影响着社会公平正义的实现,需要深化行政改革,通过建立以民为先的责任体系、参与和监督体系、合理的考核体系等,提升政府服务意识,推进政务公开透明,建设服务型政府,从而促进基本公共服务均等化。     

Modeling Substance Use and Related Risk Behaviors Leading to Criminal Justice Involvement Among Young Adult Women

Abstract

Using structural equation modeling, two models of the relationship between trauma, attachment, substance use, risk behavior, and criminal justice involvement among young adult women were tested. Overall, the model constructs explained approximately 23% and 36% of the variance in Illicit Substance Use and Risk Behavior, respectively, and 28% of the variance in Criminal Justice Involvement. Data were taken from a longitudinal study of pregnant and parenting adolescents (N = 239). This population is important because they may be at increased risk for involvement in problem behaviors across adolescence and adulthood. Findings suggest that patterns of emotional dysregulation are significant contributors to women's illicit substance use and risk behavior. Implications for intervention and prevention are addressed.     

Assessing the Status of Gender-Specific Programs through the Lens of Juvenile Justice Staff

The gender-specific approach for working with offenders gained momentum during the 1990s and has since been largely accepted by academics and practitioners. Despite numerous studies demonstrating a need for gender-responsive programs and policies within both adult and juvenile correctional systems, scant research has explored whether these services are meeting the intended goals. The current study addresses this through a qualitative analysis of 1 county juvenile court using in-depth interviews with staff. Findings reveal that in spite of the court's efforts to incorporate a gender-responsive approach, much work still remains regarding training staff and meeting girls' needs. Staff identified critical gaps in services and continued to perpetuate gendered norms and stereotypes. Included is a discussion as to why it has been difficult to effectively implement gender-specific programs.     

基本医疗保险服务协议的法律性质探讨

基本医疗保险服务协议是规范社会保险经办机构和定点医疗机构、定点零售药店双方行为的行为准则和重要法律依据,然而,对其法律性质的认定,学术界和实务界一直存有争议。行政私法合同是行政主体运用私法合同达致行政公法目的‘的手段,基本医疗保险服务协议符合行政私法合同的特征和本质属性,因此,基本医疗保险服务协议的法律性质是行政私法合同。     

发挥法治保障作用,推进社会管理创新

社会管理创新与法治国家建设密不可分,通过法治保障来推进社会管理创新,具有巨大的优越性,也是人类社会的成功经验.法治可以为社会管理创新提供价值支撑,为社会管理创新设置合理的行动界限,引导民众理性表达诉求,制度化地促进社会矫正正义的实现.法治化保障社会管理创新的具体举措主要是,完善社会管理立法,促进社会结构优化;保障新型社会管理体制的合理有效运行;坚持法律原则,尊重和保护人权,依法化解矛盾.     

对一起公共场所从业人员健康证明过期案件的分析与思考

公共场所直接为顾客服务的从业人员必须持有效健康证明上岗,经营单位未组织从业人员进行健康体检而安排其上岗,将面临卫生行政处罚。但在实践中,由于执法人员卫生监督、监测或案件调查取证所采取的方式方法存在一定的瑕疵,卫生行政处罚案件往往也存在一定的风险。本文旨在通过一起公共场所从业人员健康证明过期案件的分析研究,谈谈该案在事实和证据方面的认定问题及此案给卫生行政执法人员所提供的借鉴。