论文化创新的基本途径

文化创新是文化的生命之源,是先进文化发展的不竭动力。中国的社会主义文化创新必须从立足于中国改革开放和现代化建设的实践、着眼于世界科学文化发展的前沿、结合人民群众的精神文化需要以及努力创造良好的创新环境和人才条件四个方面,努力拓展其基本途径。     

当代中国社会主义先进政治文化建设思考

党的十七届六中全会对新形势下深化文化体制改革,推动社会主义文化大发展、大繁荣的全面部署,包含了对社会主义先进政治文化建设的要求。全球化语境下当代中国社会主义先进政治文化建设的目标定位,是建设民主的、法治的、公民的政治文化。但尚处于转型中的中国社会,参与意识、非参与意识、有限参与意识并存,人治观念根深蒂固,以及政治文化的分化加剧,都表明先进政治文化的建设处在复杂的境遇。立足于构建社会主义和谐社会的实践,着眼于政治现代化的要求,推进社会主义先进政治文化建设,需要大力发展社会主义市场经济,改革和创新政治体制,培育社会主义公民意识,加强文化整合,建设社会主义核心价值体系,塑造兴国之魂。     

“奖励劳动模范和先进工作者”写入宪法的历史溯源

文章拟回顾陕甘宁边区奖励劳动模范和先进工作者这一现象,以期梳理该政策写入宪法的历史背景;奖励劳动模范和先进工作者被载入宪法,充分体现了我国对公民劳动权的尊重与保障,具有重要的法律价值和意义。     

构建社会主义和谐社会的文化思考

我们党提出了构建社会主义和谐社会的美好目标。构建和谐社会无疑是一个整体推进的过程,政治、经济、文化、科技、社会、生态等多维度的协调统一,共同发展。而文化在其中所起的作用是极为重要的,构建社会主义和谐社会离不开文化的导向、纽带和动力作用。     

我国决策问责制探析 张创新

决策问责是针对因决策失误而造成重大损失或恶劣影响的情形,对决策者依据相关法律法规、遵照既定程序进行责任追究的一种事后控制行为,其重点和难点在于其适用范围、程度度量及非决策问责情形的决策失误的鉴别.囿于认识的局限性、工具的阶段性和信息的有限性而造成的决策失误不在决策问责的范畴之中.公共行政起点的奠基意义诉求决策问责,前期问责成果的充分准备呼吁决策问责,重大决策失误的惨痛教训亟待决策问责.而建立健全决策问责制度树立责任意识是前提,完善问责程序是核心,健全制度和法律是保障.     

'Perspiration' vs 'Inspiration' in Asian Industrialisation: Indonesia Before the Crisis

This article examines trends in and determinants of total factor productivity (TFP) in 28 manufacturing industries in Indonesia over the period 1975-93. The reforms of the mid-1980s appeared to have resulted in a significant acceleration of TFP growth. Among the inter-industry determinants of TFP growth, trade policy and orientation, domestic competitive pressures and ownership factors are singled out for scrutiny. The trade regime and one measure of domestic competition emerge as consistently important explanatory factors.     

Viability of Municipal Companies in the Provision of Urban Infrastructure Services

This article discusses the organisational and institutional model of municipal company in the provision of urban infrastructure services in Portugal. The law recently enacted which defined the legal regime for the local business sector, as well as the growing awareness that the new public management models represent great advantages in comparison with the bureaucratic ones that characterise the traditional public administration, make this a current and relevant issue. For the purpose of investigating the viability of this provision model, this research encompasses three complementary analyses. First, the results obtained from a nationwide questionnaire on the features of municipal companies are analysed. Second, a SWOT matrix is constructed to examine the model of municipal company and, third, the total factor productivity (TFP) of these organisations is determined using the index number theory, in order to evaluate their performance and compare it with that of the traditional bureaucratic models. Although the concept of municipal company is based on noble principles and, in theory, it shows advantages compared to other means of service provision, this research points to very negative results regarding the model and leads to the conclusion that the aimed benefits are not achieved in Portugal. There are many causes contributing to this effect, but the political patronage of these companies and the lack of technical competence are presumably two of the most significant ones.     

列宁发展农业的思想探析

列宁在领导苏俄革命和建设过程中,高度重视农业问题,并在实践中形成了较为系统的发展农业的思想,即大力发展农业具有重要战略意义,发展农业的核心任务是提高生产率,发展农业必须从内部条件入手,通过国家帮助和工业支援为农业发展提供外部保障。重温和借鉴列宁的发展农业的思想,对我国当下的现代农业建设具有重要的现实指导意义。     

刑法“事先法”之理念导读

刑法不是保障法,刑法具有鲜明的＂事先法＂特征。从罪刑法定的实质侧面看,刑事立法的事先价值判断决定了刑法不是保障法。刑法保障法存在语义误读之嫌,刑法的正义价值要求刑法与其他部门各司其责、平起平坐。我国的犯罪概念的立法模式是＂定性＋定量＂,定性和定量分别表明了刑法的＂事先性＂与＂克制性＂。刑法的边界是＂人类行动的自觉结果＂,在原初意义上具有＂事先性＂。     

Faculty Entrepreneurs and Research Productivity

In this paper, we analyze the research productivity of faculty entrepreneurs at 15 research institutes using a novel database combining faculty characteristics, licensing information, and journal publication records. We address two related research questions. First, are faculty entrepreneurs more productive researchers (“star scientists”) compared to their colleagues? Second, does the productivity of faculty entrepreneurs change after they found a firm? We find that faculty entrepreneurs in general are more productive researchers than control groups. We use multiple performance criteria in our analysis: differences in mean publication rate, skewness of publication rate, and impact of publications (journal citation rate). These findings bring together previous work on star scientists by Zucker, Darby, and Brewer [Zucker, L. G., Darby M. R., &; Brewer M. B. (1998). The American Economic Review, 88, 290–306.] and tacit knowledge among university entrepreneurs by Shane [Shane, S. (2002). Management Science, 48, 122–137.] and Lowe [Lowe, R. A. (2001). In G. Libecap (Ed.) Entrepreneurial Inputs and Outcomes. Amsterdam: JAI Press, Lowe, R.A. (2006). Journal of Technology Transfer, 31(4), 412–429]. Finally, we find that faculty entrepreneurs’ productivity not only is greater than their peers but also does not decrease following the formation of a firm.