浅议卫生“说理式执法”

如何深入推进“说理式执法”是目前卫生行政执法中较为重要的课题。本文从背景、概念、认识误区、存在问题、对策和建议等五个方面对说理式执法进行全面阐释。     

侦查假设在案件侦查中的运用

侦查假设是侦查思维的基本方式,它的主要作用在于:在材料分析的基础上形成新的综合,推动侦查工作深入开展。建立侦查假设的一般程序是:发现疑点、提出假设、解释相关事实、接受假设,广泛推演、检验假设。侦查推理是排除假象、揭示未知、逐步逼近真理的过程。     

目的型法律推理的成因及其弊端分析

目的型法律推理指的大致是这样一种法律现象,法官在判决案件的过程中,从法律规则背后隐含的目的出发或者更多地考虑价值、原则等法外因素来作为判决的依据的一种法律推理方式,它是一种法律思维方式和法律适用方法.其既表达了人们对法律的某种反思,即科学主义向实践理性的复归；又是法律自身不断调整以适应社会的结果.目的型法律推理虽然在某...     

女性主义叙事意识形态阐释中的类比转义

转义(trope)和类比(analogy)是女性主义叙事意识形态阐释的核心逻辑，是对男权主义传统的“性类比思维”进行逆向类比推理，从底层思维逻辑质疑二元对立模式，受到20世纪60年代至80年代思想学术界研究范式转型的深刻影响。以“个人的即政治的”理念变迁、伍尔夫叙事的价值之争、对《笑忘书》的意识形态阐释为例，可见女性主义理论批评从理念、理论批评到阐释案例不同层面以类比转义方式解构“二元对立”。借助类比转义，女性主义叙事的意识形态阐释得以深入揭示类比叙事、二元对立的“确定性”与“非确定性”等深层社会意识和文化符码，但也可能因推理方式本身的缺陷出现主观偏误。     

Explaining the Origins of the Iran Hostage Crisis: A Cognitive Perspective

Psychological approaches have long been utilized to try to understand the mindsets of terrorists, but much of this literature has drawn on Freudian-inspired psychoanalytic approaches derived from the field of what is sometimes known as abnormal psychology. Building upon recent work which has largely dismissed the value of this kind of approach, this article suggests that we ought to draw more actively than hitherto upon newer, cognitive-based approaches to the study of terrorism. Stressing the importance of analogical reasoning in normal human reasoning, this article seeks to explain the actions of the Iranian students who stormed the U.S. embassy in Tehran in November 1979. Cognitive images of “another 1953,” it is argued, played an especially decisive role in the hostage takers' decision-making processes. While analogical reasoning represents only one cognitive approach to decision-making, future research in the field of terrorist studies should utilize more up-to-date “mainstream” approaches to understanding the psychology of terrorist decision-making.     

量刑说理研究：现状、标准、成因及改革--以2014年8月1日中国裁判文书网公布的刑事裁判文书为样本

长期以来,作为刑罚问题的重要一环,量刑结果得出的过程,即量刑说理在刑事裁判文书写作中的地位并没有得到应有的重视。随着司法体制和工作机制改革的深化,量刑规范化改革从2010年10月1日起在全国法院全面试行、从2014年1月1日起在全国法院正式实施,改革对裁判文书中的量刑说理亦作出了明确要求。然而,量刑规范化工作的实施对我国刑事裁判文书的量刑说理有何启示,会产生什么影响?因而有必要在考察量刑说理取得的成果、存在的问题的基础之上,全面分析探讨问题成因、说理标准及改革对策。     

法治治理中的不同推理主体

由于参与法律活动的人的角色不同,因而其法律推理的目的、采用的方法也不尽相同。作为私权捍卫者的律师应当竭力为委托人的利益服务,作为制度权威言说者的法官有责任作出正当的裁判,承担教学和学术角色的法学教授则应成为法律智慧的启发者和学术知识的增量扩充者。不同角色主体的参与、争辩、对话,是聚向善治的生命活水和智慧溪流。     

试论思想政治工作的说理艺术

思想政治工作要有特定的说理艺术,诸如情感说理、渐进说理、含蓄说理、刚柔说理、幽默说理、比喻说理,都是切实可行的说理艺术.     

Moral Reasoning and the Use of Procedural Justice Rules in Hypothetical and Real-Life Dilemmas

The use of Leventhal's procedural justice rules in moral judgments was examined (1) in the match examples of the Colby and Kohlberg moral judgment interview manual (Study 1), (2) in hypothetical dilemmas given to a sample of 41 participants in professional ethics classes, and (3) in the real-life moral dilemmas produced by this sample (Study 2). Consistent support was found for the hypothesis that bias suppression is used more frequently at the higher moral reasoning stages. A higher number of justice rules were employed in solving a real-life than hypothetical moral problem, and most procedural justice rules were used more frequently in the real-life dilemma.     

At the Court of the Strange God

This article revisits the decision of the Australian High Court in Mabo (No. 2)for the purpose of determining what, in the legal thought displayed in the judgments, makes the category of sovereignty exclusive of the sovereignty of aboriginal peoples. Having regard to the téchnē of legal thought, it locates this exclusion in the substitution of nation for property relations of class, sex and race and, more specifically to sovereignty as a category of a still colonial law, in denial of the partiality of the standpoint of legal thought. This article proposes the need in Australia to attend to, thoughtfully, a fantastic and reconciliatory moment in the idea of sovereignty. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.