近代字词关系研究述评

20世纪初到20世纪中叶,随着语言文字学的创立,字词关系的研究取得了突破性的进展。此时期学者们从文字产生、相关概念的运用、研究的思路和研究的方法上认识和把握字词关系,体现出传统语言学向现代语言学迈进时的特色。     

浅谈文学作品中语言的视觉色彩美

物体作用于人的视觉，主要取决于物体的形状和色彩。文学家要再现生活，就离不开色彩词的运用。色彩词具有丰富的文学描写功能，其产生的视觉色彩美，增强了文学作品的审美价值，使文学作品充满撼人心魄的艺术魅力。     

长春市汽车工业资本运作的思考

中国成为WTO的成员，使长春市的汽车工业发展进入历史性转折的关键时期。因此，各级政府应在WTO规则下，对汽车工业给予全面支持，尤其要为汽车工业的资本运作创造宽松的金融环境，努力为长春市汽车工业的发展提供充足的资金保障。     

法律移植三论

就基本性质而言．法律移植是法律的相对独立性的反映，是法律明交流的重要形式，是创造性的法律实践活动，是法律的横向变迁和发展，是法律变革的重要途径。就移植标准而言，法律移植的标准主要有需要标准、国情标准、优选标准、非价值性标准、国际标准等。就移植效果而言，评价法律移植的效果时必须考虑时间、评价的参照系、评价的指标、正面效果与负面效果的区分等因素。     

Characterization and Comparison of Injuries Caused by Accidental and Non‐accidental Blunt Force Trauma in Dogs and Cats

Motor vehicle accidents (MVA) are often difficult to distinguish from non‐accidental injury (NAI). This retrospective case–control study compared animals with known MVA trauma against those with known NAI. Medical records of 426 dogs and cats treated after MVA and 50 after NAI were evaluated. Injuries significantly associated with MVA were pelvic fractures, pneumothorax, pulmonary contusion, abrasions, and degloving wounds. Injuries associated with NAI were fractures of the skull, teeth, vertebrae, and ribs, scleral hemorrhage, damage to claws, and evidence of older fractures. Odds ratios are reported for these injuries. MVA rib fractures were found to occur in clusters on one side of the body, with cranial ribs more likely to fracture, while NAI rib fractures were found to occur bilaterally with no cranial–caudal pattern. Establishing evidence‐based patterns of injury may help clinicians differentiate causes of trauma and may aid in the documentation and prosecution of animal abuse.     

大鼠血液中HbCO随吸入CO浓度和时间的变化

目的研究不同一氧化碳(carbon monoxide,CO)浓度下中毒大鼠的行为学特征、存活时间、碳氧血红蛋白(carboxyhemoglobin,HbCO)饱和度变化规律,为法医学实践中CO中毒死亡案件提供实验依据。方法将160只SD大鼠随机分为4组。自制染毒装置,使大鼠分别在CO浓度为1 250、3 750、6 250 mg/m~3及持续通入CO状态下染毒致死亡。观察不同CO浓度中毒大鼠的行为学特征,记录存活时间,采用分光光度法检测心血HbCO饱和度,并提取脑、心脏、肺、肝等器官进行组织病理学观察。结果 CO中毒大鼠的行为学特征表现为肢体瘫软、反应迟钝。随着CO浓度的升高,大鼠存活时间逐渐缩短,心血HbCO饱和度逐渐升高。在CO浓度为1 250 mg/m~3条件下,发现3例心血HbCO饱和度明显低于致死饱和度,其余各组未发现心血HbCO饱和度低于致死饱和度的情况。结论建立的不同浓度下CO中毒死亡动物模型,操作简单,重复性好,为进一步研究CO中毒及其他吸入性有毒气体的法医学研究奠定了基础。     

符号互动视野下的网络亚文化现象分析

当今社会,网络世界的生活日益成为一种新的生活方式。在约束力相对较弱的虚拟世界,人们能够自由地张扬个性,表现自我,甚至颠覆传统的文化价值和语言习惯,这些特性都对时下"90后"青少年的生活产生着巨大的影响。"火星文"就是在这一背景下产生的。目前这种特殊的网络语言符号已为青少年群体广泛推崇并视为他们自己的独特语言体系。从符号互动的视角分析这种新兴的亚文化现象存在的合理性及其运用于日常生活所引发的矛盾,旨在如何理性看待该现象并正确引导青少年的网络行为。     

Domestic Predation of an Elder: A Fatal Dog Attack Case

We present the case of a 91‐year‐old woman lived alone at her home with two domestic dogs, that is,, a Labrador Retriever and a Staffordshire Bull Terrier and found dead. The investigation of the scene revealed that the Bull Terrier's jawbone and chest were covered with blood. The autopsy revealed multiple, histologically confirmed, life‐threatening skin and bone lacerations without scavenging marks. The punctures and tearing of each of the wounds on the skin were compatible with bites. A left humeral fracture and multiple fractures of the right facial bones were observed. The death was attributed to external hemorrhages due to several dog bites. A veterinary physical and behavioral examination indicated that the Bull Terrier was involved in the attack. A domestic predation hypothesis was deemed here most likely due to the presence of food supplies at the scene, the dog's previous history of attack, and the breed of the dog.     

Animal cruelty and firesetting as behavioral markers of fearlessness and disinhibition: putting two-thirds of Macdonald’s triad to work

The purpose of this study was to determine whether animal cruelty and firesetting can serve as markers of fearlessness and disinhibition, respectively. File data gathered on 496 male sex offenders were analyzed in an effort to test two hypotheses, a countervailing hypothesis and a narrowness hypothesis. Results pertaining to the countervailing hypothesis revealed that animal cruelty correlated significantly better with fearlessness than with disinhibition and firesetting correlated significantly better with disinhibition than with fearlessness. A multiple regression analysis controlling for age at time of discharge, participant race, and offender category (pure rapist and pure child molester) also confirmed this hypothesis. Corroborating the narrowness hypothesis, animal cruelty and firesetting failed to predict violent offending after controlling for fearlessness and disinhibition, respectively. These results suggest that animal cruelty may serve as a marker for fearlessness and callous–unemotional traits, whereas firesetting may serve as a marker for disinhibition and low self-control.