集团诉讼存在的理由——关于普通法集团诉讼目的论的研究

普通法系国家集团诉讼目的包括:为社会成员提供权利救济,为被告提供程序保障并矫正其行为,尊重集团成员的个人自治等具体目标。我国现行代表人诉讼制度中蕴含的"两便"目的,难以描述和解释深层立法动机,集团诉讼上述目的对优化我国代表人诉讼制度有借鉴意义。     

The Commons: A Social Form that Allows for Degrowth and Sustainability

This theoretical article opens with the reconstruction of a value-critical argument which claims that capitalism is a form of society that is structurally unsustainable. The reason for this is the need for ever-increasing value production which stems from the core of capitalism (the commodity form, competition, profit maximization, private production) and its internal and external limits. Based on this, the article calls for a fundamental social transformation and positions the commons as a social form that has the potential to replace the commodity form as societal foundation. Constituted by social practices (commoning) that are based on voluntariness, autonomy and needs-satisfaction, commons do not have an inbuilt growth compulsion. Therefore, the article concludes, the commons may enable humanity to deal with the question of sustainability on the basis of social structures that include the possibility of a solution.     

环境公益诉权及其程序保障——以检察机关提起环境公益诉讼为视角

实践表明,我国保护环境的传统模式即行政执法方式是失灵的。当前,探索司法介入环境保护的新模式是必要的,而环境司法的首要问题就是环境公益诉权的问题。根据我国实际情况,赋予检察机关环境公益诉权不仅是必要的,而且是可行的。同时,还要探索检察机关在提起环境公益诉讼过程中的诉讼地位、处分权的规制、证明责任的分配、诉讼时效等程序机制,以达到既保障且诉权、又加以合理规制的目的。     

略论物上请求权

作为大陆法系物权法制度的特有概念,物上请求权在民法体系中具有重要地位.2007年,我国制定并颁布了《物权法》.在此基础上,对物上请求权的相关问题进行研究,具有相当的理论与实践意义.应当从物上请求权之概念出发,认识其性质与类别,辨析其与诉讼时效之关系,进而探讨其私力救济之问题,并结合《物权法》现行规定之纰漏提出可行的完善建议.     

论英国个人隐私权利保护的法律制度构建--以英国《人权法》颁行后保密责任构成要件的再解读为视角

在英国通过《人权法》法案前,新闻自由未被视为一项法定权利,但民众早已形成一种共识,新闻自由理当在社会中得到保障。而隐私权作为自然人权,具有普世价值,大众也应享有“对自己隐私合理期待”的权利。媒体为迎合大众的低俗口味,把闲话转为商品,其触角甚至伸向受害者。由于隐私权法的缺位,公民的隐私始终处于风雨飘摇中,民众只得依据其他诉因寻求法律上的救济。《人权法》颁布后,法官在实践中对保密责任新标准重新解读,这种变化对后续的判例产生了深远影响。     

或有期间三论

或有期间研究的一个必然逻辑起点就是论证或有期间真伪问题。从制度的本源上展开分析,或有期间与诉讼时效和除斥期间具有本质上的差异,乃为独立存在的期间制度。然存在或有期间却并非当然具有存在之必要,还需要论证或有期间具有存在的合理性、必要性。或有期间应当是具有独特存在价值之制度,即能够通过限制处于比较优势地位的一方当事人获得或行使特定的权利,结束权利所处的不确定状态,从而妥当地均衡双方当事人之间权利义务关系。或有期间制度的构建则应当遵循或有期间内在价值的指导,着眼于严格性的基本定位,同时尊重当事人意思自治,兼顾公平,以安排或有期间基本制度的具体内容。或有期间制度的基本规定应当与诉讼时效和除斥期间并列规定于我国未来民法典期间制度一章节之中。     

基于服务国家战略行动的民办高校办学特色实践研究——以广西东方外语职业学院为例

我国历来非常重视高等学校的办学特色。办学特色是一所高校赖以生存和发展的生命线,而对于民办高校更是如此,决定着它的生命力和竞争力。广西东方外语职业学院在6年的办学实践中,积极融入国家西部大开发战略、广西北部湾经济区开放开发和中国—东盟自由贸易区建设中去,主动服务国家发展战略,初步形成了＂坐‘北’朝‘东’,‘双轨’育人,把‘小’做大,把‘外’做强,‘复合’出品＂的办学特色。     

The effect of alliance membership on national defense burdens, 1953–88: A test of Mancur Olson's theory of collective action

Olson and Zeckhauser (1966) offered the first theoretical explanation for variation in the defense burdens of allies. Since then, the theory of collective action (Olson, 1971 [1965]) has been extensively tested using the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the Warsaw Pact (WTO). While most studies indicate that allied defense burdens (the ratio of military expenditures to gross domestic product) are correlated with economic size, this relationship has rarely been assessed for non‐allied states. Here we examine the association between national defense burdens and economic size, 1953–1988, for NATO, the WTO, the Rio Pact, and the Arab Collective Security Pact in a nested test using most of the non‐allied nations of the world as a control group. Our results generally support the theory. NATO and the Warsaw Pact consistently conform to theoretical expectations, and evidence regarding the Rio Pact, on balance, is positive. Defense burdens are not correlated with economic size within the Arab Pact, however. In addition, nations’ defense burdens are affected by the external threat, as indicated by arms races and war; but the effect of involvement in war is surprisingly small.     

抽象行政行为应纳入行政诉讼受案范围

把抽象行政行为纳入行政诉讼受案范围,赋予法院对行政机关制定、发布的规范性文件的司法审查权,既有充分的学理和法律根据,又是行政权力行使的现状提出的要求。     

论公诉案件的证明责任

本文认为在公诉案件中承担证明责任的主体应是公安机关、人民检察院和人民法院,犯罪嫌疑人、被告人只负对自己无罪、罪轻的事实提出证据的责任,并不承担举证不能的法律后果,审判机关必须在证据确实、充分的情况下,才能作出有罪判决。