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941.
In an age of transnational flows and interdependencies, democratic citizenship can no longer be conceptualized exclusively within national boundaries. This paper presents a conceptual map that allows tracing emerging and proposed forms of citizenship within and beyond the nation state in a comprehensive and differentiated way. We disentangle two anchor points: membership in a political community as the fundament of citizenship and the arena of political decision-making as the focal point of citizenship rights, identities and practices. For the former we differentiate between a single national community, the universal community of humankind and multiple (national) communities. For the latter we distinguish the national, supra-national and transnational arena. Our typology thus consists of nine different forms of democratic citizenship. It is used to provide a brief overview over normative proposals and empirical findings leading to the following insights: while membership in a particular national community still dominates the reality in all three political arenas, in the normative discourse it is perceived as deficient. Membership in the universal community of humankind is widely endorsed in the normative discourse, but almost nonexistent. In contrast, membership in multiple communities is not only a growing reality but also normatively promising for democratizing a transnationalizing world. 相似文献
942.
目的调查Qiagen Investigator@ DIPplex试剂盒30个InDels多态性位点在中国汉族、藏族、维吾尔族人群中的群体遗传学数据,评估其法医学应用价值。方法采集汉、藏、维吾尔族各90名无关个体静脉血,提取DNA。使用3130xL毛细管电泳对该270份样品进行分型,通过统计计算相关的群体遗传学参数。结果实验得到270份样品的分型及基因型频率,30个InDels未明显偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡及连锁平衡,在汉族、藏族、维吾尔族三个人群中的随机匹配概率分别为1.42×10(-11)、7.19×10(-12)、4.74×10(-13),累积非父排除率(CPE)均大于0.9951。结论该组插入缺失位点在中国的汉族、藏族、维吾尔族人群中具有较高的多态性,能达到较高的个体识别能力,可以作为现有STR检验体系的补充。 相似文献
943.
不同人所讲的普通话语流中相邻音素间的过渡方式分为不同的类型.音节内辅音-元音之间、音节间元音-辅音之间的过渡方式分为清晰过渡(或停顿过渡)和模糊过渡(或缓冲过渡)两种类型;音节内元音-辅音之间的过渡方式分为间断过渡和连续过渡两种类型;音节内元音-元音之间的过渡方式分为平滑过渡、间断过渡、交错过渡和异变过渡四种类型.对同... 相似文献
944.
945.
《Science & justice》2020,60(5):480-485
This study demonstrates how RGB color values from microscopic smears stained with the Periodic Acid-Schiff reagent under standardized microscopy conditions can be used to indicate the presence of vaginal secretions. Based on data obtained in the study, a numeric threshold determined from the sum of separate values for red, blue and green was determined to differentiate vaginal-based samples with other body fluids. Using this threshold, 55 of 57 vaginal-based samples tested positive for the presence of vaginal secretion. Conversely, 27 of 29 smears prepared from other body fluids yielded negative results. However, when graphing RGB sum values against a calculated RGB integer no overlap in data was obtained between all vaginal-based samples and other body fluid samples, clearly differentiating them. One-way ANOVA testing with a 95% confidence interval indicated that vaginal samples from different age groups showed no difference in RGB sum values. Similarly, the location that vaginal swabs were collected (from the outside of a condom or a vaginal swab) also showed no statistical difference using one-way ANOVA at 95% confidence. Furthermore, refrigerated test swabs aged up to 15 months showed no demonstrable differences. Pair-wise t-testing using RGB sum values, however, did show significant differences between vaginal samples and all other body fluids tested. Finally, the method successfully differentiated between pre-and post-coital penile swabs and finger swabs taken before and after digital vaginal penetration in anecdotal comparisons using the method. 相似文献
946.
947.
Jingyuan Ma Ph.D. Fang Shi M.D. Chongya Huang Ph.D. Shanzhi Gu Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(4):1089-1091
Bipartite patella is recognized as a developmental anomaly of ossification. Most of them are asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally. Bipartite patella is sometimes misdiagnosed as a patella fracture, because the x‐ray images of both these conditions may appear very similar. In this case, the patient complained of left knee pain after x‐ray films revealed a fracture‐like line in the left patella. The patient was then diagnosed as having a patella fracture. In China, the injury degree is categorized as serious injury, minor injury, and trivial injury. As the injury degree of patellar fracture is identified as minor injury, the defendant who injured the patient will be sentenced to prison for ≤3 years. However, the defendant objected to this judgment and applied for the second evaluation of injury degree. On the basis of the site of injury, clinical manifestations, and imaging findings, we diagnosed the patient with bipartite patella which belongs to normal anatomic variant. Therefore, the injury degree of the patient was not minor injury. 相似文献
948.
ABS制动痕迹特征及其在交通事故鉴定中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
ABS制动痕迹因其独有的作用原理,与普通的制动痕迹相比有自己的特点。在交通事故鉴定中,ABS制动痕迹很容易被忽略。为了提高对ABS制动痕迹的认识,增加ABS制动痕迹在交通事故鉴定中的应用,文章从工作原理、制动痕迹特征及其在事故鉴定中的应用等几个方面进行了探讨,希望能给实际公安工作带来帮助。 相似文献
949.
950.
由于指纹鉴定中错误鉴定、标准不一、管理混乱等问题日益突显,指纹类专家辅助人出庭就指纹鉴定的技术性问题与鉴定人展开辩论以充分证明鉴定意见的可靠性或不可靠性,这就显得十分必要。指纹类专家辅助人必须具备一定的资格才能选任,并被赋予一定的诉讼权利才能充分地准备质证。在庭审中,指纹类专家辅助人应当就指纹鉴定的程序性规范与鉴定依据的科学性、可靠性两个方面的具体内容对个案的指纹鉴定展开质证。 相似文献