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531.
Maria Mikellide M.A. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2014,59(5):1184-1190
The island of Cyprus experienced two periods of intercommunal conflict during which c. 2000 individuals went missing. The Committee on Missing Persons in Cyprus began a program of exhumations in 2005, through which more than 185 burial sites pertaining to the two periods of conflict have been identified and excavated. The aim of this study was twofold: (i) to present a classification of the main types of clandestine burial and (ii) to test the hypothesis that the nature of conflict influences the mode of interment. Burials can be divided into “public burials” and “concealed burials,” based on the possible motives of those involved in the interment and then subdivided into smaller categories based on similarities in archeological context. A comparison of results from the two periods of conflict reveals that there are statistical differences (p < 0.005), which indicate that the mode of interment may reflect the nature, character, and atmosphere of conflict. 相似文献
532.
Stacy Bondanella Taninchev 《国际相互影响》2015,41(1):133-157
This article presents a general theory of how the interaction of state agents within intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) leads to a convergence in member state interests over time. The theory is based on the notion that, all else being equal, IGOs that facilitate more interaction between individuals from various states are conducive to greater member state interest convergence over time because there are more opportunities for agents from one or more member states to persuade agents from other member states to accept new ideas that affect how they define their states’ interests. I argue that such persuasion does not necessarily have to involve a shift in state identities but can also involve a diffusion of ideas about cause-and-effect relationships. Also, by focusing on IGOs as structures within which state agents interact, I argue against a narrow focus on socialization defined as the induction of new members into community norms. I present three hypotheses regarding which institutional attributes are conducive to member state interest convergence and test them using an original IGO data set. The findings are supportive of my general theory but provide some interesting support for existing theory that runs counter to one of the hypotheses presented here. 相似文献
533.
Neil Narang 《国际相互影响》2016,42(2):189-216
Despite a principled commitment to assist people in need equally, the allocation of humanitarian assistance across conflict and post-conflict states shows remarkable variation that is not easily explained by differences in the level of recipient-need. This paper attempts to explain these “forgotten conflicts“ by analyzing the determinants of humanitarian aid to civil war and post-civil war states. Using cross-national panel data on humanitarian aid provisions, I show that the most important determinants of international humanitarian assistance are not always demand-side factors measuring humanitarian need – as the principals of humanitarian action would dictate – but often strategic factors that reflect donors’ political interests in providing humanitarian assistance. Although humanitarian aid to ongoing civil wars appears to be substantially more humanitarian than strategic in its allocation, humanitarian aid provided to post-conflict states in the aftermath of civil war tends to go to conflicts where donors perceive important strategic and political interests. These results suggest that one important explanation for why some conflicts are essentially ignored or gradually neglected over time is that strategic interests of donors can dominate humanitarian concerns over time. 相似文献
534.
Carolin Goerzig 《Negotiation Journal》2016,32(2):151-163
Numerous efforts to solve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict through diplomacy have taken place over the last four decades. To shed light on this dilemma in this article, the role that private actors and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) can play to enhance the negotiation willingness of nonstate armed groups was examined. It was argued that the NGOs in particular could play key roles in promoting the negotiation willingness of nonstate actors and also in influencing their internal dynamics and increasing their cohesion. Specifically, we examine two pairs of efforts to resolve the conflict in Israel and Palestine: the “Road Map” and the track two Geneva Initiative of 2003, and the Olmert Peace Plan and Jimmy Carter's visit to the Middle East in 2008. In the first pair, NGO efforts yielded unexpected results. The Palestinians were ready to compromise even though the deal offered by the Israelis did not seem very generous. In the second pair, the reaction of the Palestinians to Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert's generous peace offer seemed especially puzzling, illustrating, the internal dynamics between the Palestinian factions. Negotiation willingness was closely related to cohesion, and that cohesion plays an important role in conflict negotiations. President Jimmy Carter's efforts in 2008 to enhance cohesion among the Palestinians illustrated the potential that NGOs have to complement official negotiations. 相似文献
535.
Social media have increasingly been recognized as an important and effective tool for advocacy. A growing body of research examines the use of social media in grassroots and social movements as well as issues related to civic engagement, social capital, and voter turnout. The extent to which organized interest groups have adopted social media as an advocacy tool, however, has been relatively ignored. This article examines the determinants of the use of social media tools by a broad range of interest organizations. We argue that social media use needs to be understood as part of an interest organization’s larger set of news media lobbying strategies. We explain social media use as a function of two factors: first, the importance organizations place on trying to shape lobbying debates through the news media; second, the importance they place on shaping their public image via the news media. We test this argument using a unique data set of interest group advocacy in the European Union. Controlling for a host of competing explanations, regression results provide evidence supporting our central argument. 相似文献
536.
王海波 《浙江省政法管理干部学院学报》2008,89(2):90-93
本文在回顾自主学习的兴起,简述自主学习的研究现状,比较目前的几种自主学习培养模式后,提出了构建适合我国大学英语自主学习的折衷模式,即课堂训练和课外自主学习相结合。课堂训练主要围绕培养合作学习,动机训练,学习策略训练,如何选择学习材料的训练和自我评价训练等展开。课外主要通过网络中心和第二课堂活动培养学生学习自主性。 相似文献
537.
唐志文 《胜利油田党校学报》2011,24(6):83-85
大学是学生社会化角色转换最为关键的时期。大学生自治是大学生实现社会化最重要的手段。大学自治是大学生通过一定的组织办法管理自我、服务自我,学会服务、学会管理、学会担当。只有实施学生自治,大学生才能真正成为与社会无缝对接的人才。 相似文献
538.
社区矫正是与监禁矫正相对的行刑方式,其在我国试点实施已近5年,但实施过程中的某些问题严重制约着社区矫正制度的发展.目前,构建我国社区矫正制度发展的长效机制必须要解决的问题包括:完善社区矫正立法;统一刑罚执行权;加快社区和非政府组织的培育,加强民众社会责任感;加强对司法所的人、财、物保障以及强化农村社区矫正力量等. 相似文献
539.
李玉明 《河南司法警官职业学院学报》2008,6(4):64-67
公司司法解散作为市场主体的退出机制有其存在的必要性,各国立法和司法实践均对此做出不同回应。其理论基石是公司契约理论和股东利益落空理论,在司法权介入公司内部时,应注意处理好适度干预与公司自治下的商业判断,尊重公司和股东自治,妥善处理司法解散案件。 相似文献
540.
李华军 《浙江青年专修学院学报》2010,(3):1-5
文章对影响当前农村基层团组织发展的"人力、财力、物力"三大要素进行了分析,并在此基础上提出了当前增强农村基层团组织活力的思路与途径。 相似文献