市场经济·有限政府·市民社会

市场经济是自主经济,政府一般应尊重市场主体的自主选择和自由竞争。鉴于此,市场经济条件下的政府就应当是有限政府。为确保政府权力的有限,有必要构建市民社会,以代替政府行使部分管理社会的职能,并制约和抗衡政府权力,实现与政府权力平衡,从而保证市场经济的健康发展。     

论对邪教组织犯罪活动的防治

邪教组织犯罪严重危害个人、家庭、国家安全和社会政治稳定,因此,必须加强对邪教组织犯罪的预防和惩治工作:完善立法,为打击和防范邪教活动提供充分的法律依据;标本兼治,以防为主,综合治理; 做好帮教挽救工作,团结教育绝大多数被蒙蔽而参加邪教活动的成员;发挥公安机关的职能作用,加强侦控工作,严厉打击邪教犯罪活动。     

Intergovernmental Organizations,Interaction, and Member State Interest Convergence

This article presents a general theory of how the interaction of state agents within intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) leads to a convergence in member state interests over time. The theory is based on the notion that, all else being equal, IGOs that facilitate more interaction between individuals from various states are conducive to greater member state interest convergence over time because there are more opportunities for agents from one or more member states to persuade agents from other member states to accept new ideas that affect how they define their states’ interests. I argue that such persuasion does not necessarily have to involve a shift in state identities but can also involve a diffusion of ideas about cause-and-effect relationships. Also, by focusing on IGOs as structures within which state agents interact, I argue against a narrow focus on socialization defined as the induction of new members into community norms. I present three hypotheses regarding which institutional attributes are conducive to member state interest convergence and test them using an original IGO data set. The findings are supportive of my general theory but provide some interesting support for existing theory that runs counter to one of the hypotheses presented here.     

市民社会理论的谱系及社会管理再生产

马克思的市民社会理论是马克思主义的重要组成部分,是在批判洛克、孟德斯鸠、黑格尔等人的市民社会理论基础上发展而来。其主要内涵包括:市民社会是国家的基础和源泉;经济本质是市民社会的本质;未来社会是自由人的联合体。这些启示我们在当前社会管理中,要以服务型政府为指导,正确处理国家与市民社会的关系,发展非政府组织,促进社会的和谐自治和依法管理社会。     

Civil society and democratization: The role of service-providing organizations amid closing civic spaces

This article argues that current democracy promotion strategies relying on rights-claiming advocacy NGOs are falling short of their democratization goals, as authoritarian regimes are closing the space through restrictions on the NGOs that attempt to carry them out. In response, we suggest a reexamination of earlier approaches to involving civil society in democratization efforts by shifting the focus back on service-providing civil society organizations that have largely become side-lined in democracy-building agendas. Specifically, service providers tend to be more capable of functioning “under the radar” thus contributing to democracy in both direct and indirect ways, and thus escaping closing space restrictions. The key concerns about their independence from the state, as well as under what conditions the state may be less successful in coopting the independent service-providers, however, remain unresolved and warrant future research.     

Stay or exit: How do international nongovernmental organizations respond to institutional pressures under authoritarianism?

International nongovernmental organizations (INGOs) are increasingly important players in global politics and development. However, they are undergoing significant adaptations as governments worldwide have instituted restrictions to regulate their activities. What explains the various ways in which they respond to these institutional pressures? In our study of INGO responses to a new restrictive law in China, we identify four strategic responses with varying levels of compliance: legal registration, provisional strategy, localization, and exit. The institutional pressures—strategic responses link is influenced by INGOs' adaptive capacity, which is in turn shaped by an organization's issue sensitivity, value-add, government ties, and reputational authority. The integrated framework we develop for INGO strategic responses can shed light on state-INGO relations in other countries, many of which are subject to increasingly stringent regulations and a closing political environment.     

论黑恶势力犯罪的成因及防控对策--以控制理论和理性选择理论为视角

威胁政治安全、社会安定和人民幸福的黑恶势力犯罪非常猖獗。控制理论认为,黑恶势力犯罪可以归结为合法社会控制力量的削弱,尤其是非正式社会控制力量的弱化,以及罪犯在家庭教育缺失情况下导致的低自我控制能力。理性选择理论认为,黑恶势力犯罪是犯罪分子基于犯罪收益与犯罪成本对比关系的理性选择。控制理论对黑恶势力犯罪防治的启示是强化合法社会控制力量,加强基层组织建设和强化基础素质教育,矫正低自我控制能力。理性选择理论的启示则是加强犯罪预防环境设计,提升黑恶势力犯罪成本和提高对黑恶势力犯罪的防范意识,构筑起心理栅栏。     

县域社会违建执法的组织形态与治理绩效辨析

县域社会违建执法需要一定的组织载体,但在不同农村类型中,体制层面执法资源配置不均和社会层面违建个体情境差异共同塑造了不同类型的政府执法组织,并产生不同治理绩效。在城中村,正式化执法组织具备常规执法权且执法密度大,虽能够强化执法效果,但在执法过程中始终存在政府与征拆居民的利益博弈;在城郊村,正式化与半正式化相结合的执法组织有助于强化政府执法力量和权威,但受信息制约和人情关系影响容易产生灰色利益空间,进而侵蚀执法目标;在远郊村,半正式化执法组织本身没有专业执法权,政府常在一定时期内通过组织动员手段来补强执法力量,但执法绩效具有不稳定性。三类农村违建执法组织的治理绩效差异,反映出国家法律在县域城乡社会落地的非均质性。     

关于引导民族宗教活动与基层党组织活动相适应的思考

民族宗教活动与基层党组织活动在相适应中有冲突,这种冲突主要集中在六个方面,冲突产生的原因在于有两个认识误区、两个现实因素和两个复杂环境,应当通过六条途径积极引导民族宗教活动与基层党组织活动相适应.     

在落实科学发展观中开拓农村基层党建工作新境界

我们党历来重视农村基层党组织建设。在农村各级党组织的领导下．农村的经济、政治、文化发展水平有了很大的提高。广大农民的生活有了很大的改善。顺利实现了小康社会的总体目标。但由于历史和现实的许多原因。我国农村基层党组织在人员构成、干部素质、工作机制等方面还存在一些与科学发展观要求不相符的问题，必须引起我们足够的重视。