The Logic of the New Pay Systems Revisited–in the Light of Experimental and Behavioral Economics

The article questions the logic of the new pay systems introduced in the public sector in many countries. The pay systems and their goals are consistent when looked upon through the lens of standard economic theory. In addition, we find no contradictions between the goals of the pay systems. However, if findings of experimental economics and behavioral economics are included in the analysis of the pay systems, this is not necessarily the case. Experimental economics and behavioral economics contribute with knowledge which must be taken into account when pay systems are designed.     

An Information Model to Present Proposals to Increase Taxes: Two Examples in the Context of American Values

This article offers an information model for educating the public on the rationale for a tax increase. It argues that citizens exposed to two types of information—a need narrative and an anchor value—are more willing to support a tax increase. The applicability of the model is illustrated with two examples in which the model was used to structure the presentation of information. In both situations, exposure to the specific types of information suggested by the model is associated with support for a tax increase. The conclusion relates the model to the findings of previous research on the attributes of successful referenda campaigns for tax increases.     

Multiculturalism in South African soap operas

Abstract

This article explores the multicultural dimensions within the texts of three South African soap operas (soaps). It uses text analysis and interviews as a methodology to expose the intricate web of influences that are all part of the fabric of a South African soap.

The text and discursive analysis are based on Systemic Functional Linguistics Theory of Halliday. The analysis of the texts proceeds from a pre-interpretation stage, through an analysis stage and into a revisit or re-interpretative stage. The creators of the texts as well as commercial bias are seen as politico-economic and cultural influences which may have direct bearing on the texts and are therefore interrogated. The findings confirm no multicultural model for South African soaps and show correlation between commercial interests and homogenised South African stereotypes.     

公职人员经济犯罪影响因素分析——基于受贿视角的实证研究

利用行为学理论分析公职人员经济犯罪行为的产生机理,得出影响公职人员经济犯罪的因素有宏观、中观和微观三个层次。在对三个层次的影响因素进行理论分析和总结的基础上,以受贿犯罪类型为视角,选取实地调研的373个公职人员经济犯罪案例,对其中6个可观测变量进行逻辑回归分析。结论表明:影响不法公职人员受贿的因素有成长环境、受教育程度、年龄、级别以及公职人员类型,这些因素都与不法公职人员采取受贿犯罪类型呈正相关关系,影响力由大到小依次为:级别、受教育程度、成长环境、年龄和公职人员类型。     

重新反思作为“范式”的教科书哲学——基于学术形态、政治形态、大众形态相统一的视角

马克思主义教科书哲学的发展和创新是马克思主义中国化、时代化、大众化的重要载体,也是马克思主义发展和创新的重要突破口。从学术形态、政治形态、大众形态相统一的视角看,作为"范式"的马克思主义哲学教科书在马克思主义中国化、时代化、大众化方面功不可没,但无疑也需要重新反思其利弊得失,从而沿着马克思开辟的哲学道路不断发展。深入研究作为"范式"的马克思主义教科书哲学,揭示其深层理论困难,具有现实意义。     

从因果判断到客观归属：转向何以实现

我国刑法中的传统因果关系论因其自身存在的实践机能性问题，必将为客观归属论所替代。但反对传统因果关系论的替代性流派很多，导致了繁杂的理论纷争。为了避免先入为主的论证需要，可考虑以“前现代性范式”和“现代之后范式”从法哲学角度，对传统因果关系论、德日因果关系论和英美因果关系论进行整体审视，从中可以发现客观归属论如何在刑法中得以确立。     

论民法研究范式的绿色转向

在转型中国的时代背景下,民法研究范式应该实现绿色转换,即民法研究应该以建构一种人与自然、人与人之间以及人内心整体动态和谐的"绿色"市民社会秩序为根本目标,以包容协作为基本理念,以弱势群体的保护、协作精神的贯彻、利益冲突的疏导作为民事制度建构的基本方向,在民法的内外体系上对传统理论进行革新,从而确立一个新的学术共同体和新的研究范式,来回应生态、人态和心态日益紧张的现代市民社会。     

New Technology Meets an Old Teaching Challenge: Using Digital Video Recordings, Annotation Software, and Deliberate Practice Techniques to Improve Student Negotiation Skills

There is a world of difference between teaching negotiation theory, which pertains to conceptual understanding, and teaching negotiation skills, which pertain to actual behavior in real‐world situations. The principle of reflective practice is widely used for theoretical instruction. Deliberate practice, however, is a more powerful model for skills training. Cognitive scientists have discovered that subjects will learn skills best when they perform well‐defined tasks at appropriate levels of difficulty, and when they are given immediate feedback, an opportunity to correct their errors, and an opportunity to practice until the tasks become routine. To satisfy the deliberate practice conditions for large graduate‐level negotiation courses (some as large as seventy students), students were assigned to use webcams with their laptop computers to video record their negotiation exercises. Before each exercise, students were assigned to prepare for and to concentrate on performing two or three well‐defined tasks. Students reviewed these recordings and commented on their performances in a journal before uploading the videos and journals to an assigned network folder. The instructor and teaching assistants then reviewed the journals and specified portions of the videos and provided individual written feedback to the students. The instructors found that student negotiating skills have improved significantly using this new system. In comparison with earlier semesters, students also felt they were involved in a more intense and personal learning experience. A majority of students reported they intend to apply the principles of deliberate practice in their professional lives after graduation. The authors have found this method continues to challenge their ability to identify and describe the skills used by expert negotiators. As an addition to this new methodology, two of the authors have spearheaded the development of video annotation software, known as “MediaNotes,” to help students and instructors review, comment upon, and learn from video recordings of negotiations. Based on their experiences using the software to support deliberate practice, the authors expect this tool to initiate a significant advance in our ability to recognize and describe expert negotiation behavior and in students’ ability to improve their negotiating skills.     

论类型学研究范式在犯罪学中的应用

类型学是一种非常重要的社会学研究范式，是研究复杂社会问题的一种新型分析工具。在犯罪学中应用类型学研究范式其基本步骤有三项，即：确立分类标准，建立“理想类型”；以“理想类型”为参照，将具体犯罪现象予以归类；在诸类型间进行比较，考察类型问的相互关系。在此基础上，运用犯罪类型化三层次理论，即可逐步构建出犯罪类型学研究的基本模型。     

治理范式的转换、服务型政府与和谐社会的建设

人类社会治理方式的演进,是政府治理活动的目标定位实现根本变迁的历史过程,也是逐渐趋于"目的合理性"和"价值合理性"的过程。和谐社会并不是自我实现的,在构建和谐社会的主要力量中,政府起着至关重要的作用,同时也承担着不可推卸的责任。服务型政府是以服务为主要管理内容、以掌舵为主要服务内容、以公平与效益为核心价值的政府,服务型政府的建设是和谐社会对政府转型的必然要求。