原语主义与译语主义——中日早期天主教术语翻译问题探析

异质文化之间的"不可共量性(incommensurability)"是导致异质语言对译难题的根源所在。为达到相异文化之间的交流与理解,首先应当面对的问题就是语言的障碍。16世纪东来天主教耶酥会士在面对中日文化时首先遭遇的就是天主教术语的翻译问题,因中日文化性格与地位的不同而分别采取了不同的翻译原则法,在日本最后采取了直接音译的原语主义,在中国则是意译的译语主义。     

On the Translation of Idioms in A Dream of Red Mansions

Chinese is a highly -developed language . Thus it has abundantidioms that consist of colloquialisms , proverbs , slang expressions ,vulgar sayings ,etc .Idioms ,a kind of highly -refined language ,arethe consequences of a lasting selection through eli mination in theprocess of people's usingthem.Idioms are usuallyforceful ,vivid ,andeven someti mes rude and vulgar . But ,at the same ti me ,they havestrong cultural and national flavor . The history ,culture and customof a nation are usually co…     

警院精神初探

警院精神是警察院校发展过程中具有超越历史、时代和文化之永久魅力的独特气质、内在品质和理想追求。警院理应培育和弘扬“警院精神”，通过借助人文精神和人文素养的支撑和引领，加强人文管理，创品牌文化。把警院精神的培育、继承及弘扬渗透到人文管理的每一个环节之中。把警院精神升华为警院品牌文化的精髓，使警院精神的继承、培育及弘扬与品牌文化的创建同步。     

Do multilingual androids dream of a better life in Australia? Effectiveness of information technology for government translation to support refugees and migrants in Australia

Without high‐quality translation of online information about government support and services, refugees and migrants from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds in Australia experience a major barrier to improved health, employment, education and social outcomes. Recent advances in the ability of Google Translate, Skype Translator and other forms of machine translation that use artificial intelligence can help translate government information to better support refugees and migrants but they bring the risk of ineffective communication, and exclusion from services that could positively impact on settlement experiences and daily life. Evidence suggests that government agencies are likely to be using human translators for most translation work, but the degree to which any form of information technology is used, how it may be best applied and the associated effects are not known. This study systematically reviewed the peer‐reviewed and grey literature to determine effective ways of using information technology for translating government information to refugees and migrants from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds in Australia. Included studies were analysed to identify techniques and other characteristics of translation, information technology and language support more broadly, and outcomes on education, health, social and other refugee and migrant experiences relating to translated information. Our review found a small evidence base featuring studies with strong evaluation demonstrating effective forms of ‘language support’ for refugees and migrants from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds in Australia in a broad sense. However, there is a major gap in knowledge that is contributing to barriers in the use of online government information in Australia. In particular, there is an absence of evidence demonstrating what is effective in the use of machine translation with artificial intelligence, websites and other kinds of information technology for translating government information with refugees and migrants from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. The oversight risks further excluding already marginalised groups from services and support. This paper makes a number of suggestions practitioners can take to address the issue and guidelines for future research.     

加强栏目建设 提高办刊水平——关于高职成高院校学报栏目建设的思考

高职成高院校学报从实际出发,根据自身特点和需要,依托本校学科、专业和科研优势设置栏目,重点创办特色栏目,精心打造品牌栏目.要培育专栏作者,增强编辑建设栏目的能力.通过加强栏目建设,提高学报整体质量和形成特色风格,扩大学术影响,提升在学术界的地位,为高职成高教育和经济社会的发展发挥应有的作用.     

浅谈语块理论在警务英语翻译中的运用

语块是语言中结构相对固定、整体预制、易于提取的表达形式。在警务英语翻译中运用语块不仅有必要性,而且还有可行性。要有针对性地建立警务英语语料库,有目的地储备警务英语语块,扩展翻译单位,加快信息处理,促进翻译过程,提高翻译的准确性、专业性和时效性。     

边际效用递减理论在习语翻译中的应用——谈归化与异化的均衡点

分析目前翻译领域有关归化/异化翻译策略的研究成果,以及其他学科研究方法和理论在翻译研究中的应用,可以将经济学中的边际效用递减理论应用于归化与异化在文学作品中习语翻译的研究。简单解释的归化法、详细解释的归化法和异化法在习语翻译中会产生三种不同的心理状态,为达到读者阅读效用最大化,应理性选择归化与异化翻译策略,实现话语语境背景下的动态均衡。     

试论商务英语翻译以直译为主的翻译原则

以直译为主的商务英语翻译原则,强调译文必须忠实于原文,全面准确阐明原作的含义,保持原作原有的风格。商务英语翻译要求译者选词要准确,概念表达要确切,物与名所指要正确。商务英语翻译原则与直译的翻译原则相吻合,准确性与其忠实于原文的内容相吻合,专业性与其保持原文的结构形式、行文规范相吻合,实用性与其语言流畅易懂相吻合。     

Language translation for file paths

Forensic examiners are frequently confronted with content in languages that they do not understand, and they could benefit from machine translation into their native language. But automated translation of file paths is a difficult problem because of the minimal context for translation and the frequent mixing of multiple languages within a path. This work developed a prototype implementation of a file-path translator that first identifies the language for each directory segment of a path, and then translates to English those that are not already English nor artificial words. Brown's LA-Strings utility for language identification was tried, but its performance was found inadequate on short strings and it was supplemented with clues from dictionary lookup, Unicode character distributions for languages, country of origin, and language-related keywords. To provide better data for language inference, words used in each directory over a large corpus were aggregated for analysis. The resulting directory-language probabilities were combined with those for each path segment from dictionary lookup and character-type distributions to infer the segment's most likely language. Tests were done on a corpus of 50.1 million file paths looking for 35 different languages. Tests showed 90.4% accuracy on identifying languages of directories and 93.7% accuracy on identifying languages of directory/file segments of file paths, even after excluding 44.4% of the paths as obviously English or untranslatable. Two of seven proposed language clues were shown to impair directory-language identification. Experiments also compared three translation methods: the Systran translation tool, Google Translate, and word-for-word substitution using dictionaries. Google Translate usually performed the best, but all still made errors with European languages and a significant number of errors with Arabic and Chinese.     

品牌老化及其对策

动态的市场不存在一个恒久不变的品牌,品牌老化趋势是每一个企业迟早要应对的严峻挑战。创新是走出品牌老化困境的必由之路。实施品牌创新的营销策略包括研发新产品、开拓新市场、更新品牌形象和互动沟通。