国际“碳政治”博弈与中国的对策

作为一种新型国际政治,"碳政治"一词伴随全球变暖问题而出现,为国际政治舞台增添了新的博弈因素。需要指出的是,我们欢迎"碳政治"这一新型国际政治,但反对把国际气候问题政治化。把国际气候问题政治化、寻求实现其他目的,无助于切实解决气候变化问题给人类社会带来的挑战。     

影响我国碳金融发展的原因分析

与西方发达国家较为完善的碳金融发展相比,我国碳金融发展相对比较滞后,造成这种状况的原因主要有：一是对碳金融的认识有待深化;二是碳金融的综合配套政策不完备;三是碳金融市场分割现象严重;四是中介服务机构发育不完善。对这些原因进行深入分析,有利于排除碳金融发展的障碍,开创我国碳金融发展的光明前景。     

浅析影响碳素墨水显现胶带指纹的若干因素

为提高胶带粘面指纹的显现质量,便于后期针对该指纹的检验鉴定,通过对胶带粘面指纹显现过程中的各个环节进行测试、对比,可以寻找出一些影响显现效果的因素。经过实验发现,在胶带剥离阶段及对胶带的浸泡、显现阶段,各种不同的实验材质、环境、手法均会对指纹显现效果产生影响。     

Diesel fumes do kill: a case of fatal carbon monoxide poisoning directly attributed to diesel fuel exhaust with a 10-year retrospective case and literature review*

While it is known that diesel fuel combustion engines produce much lower concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO) than gasoline engines, these emissions could certainly generate lethal ambient concentrations given a sufficient amount of time in an enclosed space and under suitable environmental conditions. The authors report a case of CO poisoning which was initially referred for autopsy as a presumed natural death of a truck driver found in the secure cab of a running diesel tractor trailer truck. Completion of the preliminary investigation ascribed death to complications of ischemic heart disease (IHD), pending toxicological analysis that included quantification of CO. When the toxicology results showed lethal blood COHbg, the cause of death was re-certified as CO intoxication secondary to inhalation of (diesel) vehicular exhaust fumes. Because of the unique source of fatal CO intoxication in this case, the contributory IHD and the possible contaminants in the putrefied blood, a 10-year retrospective review was conducted on all nonfire related CO deaths autopsied (n = 94) at the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner in Louisville, KY from 1994 to 2003. For validation of the COHbg detection method used by the Kentucky Office of Forensic Toxicology (KYOFT), blood samples from these cases along with controls were submitted to three laboratories using various analytical methods yielding no statistically significant differences. Lastly, an extensive literature review produced no scientifically reported cases of fatal CO poisoning attributed to diesel fuel exhaust.     

气候变化背景下外国投资者与政府争端的解决——以我国双边投资协定为例

我国签订的双边投资协定中一般都规定了投资者与东道国政府间投资争端的解决方式,尤其是晚近我国所签订的双边投资协定多数允许投资者将争端提交国际仲裁。但是,在目前全球应对气候变化背景下,作为温室气体排放大国,我国有义务控制和减少温室气体的排放,采取相应的环境规制措施,这些环境规制措施可能会损害或影响到外国投资者在我国的利益。根据双边投资协定,外国投资者可能会将这些争端提交国际仲裁,我国有可能被国际仲裁庭裁定为此对外国投资者承担相应的赔偿责任。面对新形势,我国必须重新审视双边投资协定中投资者与东道国投资争端解决方式的相关规定。     

谈室外现场勘查中发现和确定足迹的重要性

在室外现场中发现和确定嫌疑足迹往往对案件的侦破起到关键的作用,其发现的重点部位为犯罪现场中心部位、犯罪嫌疑人蹬、踩的物品、进出中心现场的路线、犯罪嫌疑人藏身的地点等。在实际工作中应根据足迹遗留部位、足迹新鲜程度、反映出的行走规律特点以及足迹与其它痕迹的关系判断和确定嫌疑人足迹。     

中国与东盟的金融发展对温室气体排放的影响

本文以中国与东盟5国为研究对象，运用面板数据计量分析方法研究了金融发展对于温室气体排放的影响。结果表明，金融开放程度的提升会降低温室气体排放，金融中介的发展有助于降低温室气体排放，但金融市场的发展对于温室气体排放的影响不确定。榻应的政策建议足：提升中国与东盟各国的金融对外开放与合作程度，发挥金融对低碳产业的支持作用，建立起资本市场对环境信息的披露合作机制，促进中国与东盟碳金融市场一体化发展，推进中国与东盟的清洁能源投资合作等。     

生态城市碳金融地方性立法的先行先试

在诸多应对气候变化的方案中,碳金融是一种正在实践中的应对气候变化的金融解决方案,它能够从碳投融资、碳排放权交易和碳银行贷款等多方面支持生态城市建设。而生态城市碳金融地方性立法的先行先试又为生态城市碳金融活动提供了法律保障,也为在全国范围内的碳金融立法奠定了基础。鉴于生态城市碳金融地方性立法先行先试所具备的可行性和良好的预期效果,应加快在生态城市试点区制定《碳金融促进条例》、建立生态城市碳银行、进行碳金融衍生产品制度的创新试验等,对生态城市的碳金融地方性立法作大胆尝试。     

Termination Theory and National Climate Change Mitigation Programs: The Case of New Zealand

In 2008 New Zealand (NZ) changed from a Labour‐led to a National‐led government, and this resulted in a shift to government's carbon emission mitigation strategy, including the abandonment of the Communities for Climate Protection (CCP) and the Carbon Neutral Public Service (CNPS) programs. Using deLeon's seminal model for program termination, the objective of this research is to determine why NZ's newly elected government discontinued these initiatives. This empirical research is investigative and probing, and comprises a series of semi‐structured interviews with senior managers responsible for the delivery of the respective program within their organization. The architects of each program are also investigated. In the end, this study finds that while economic constraints and programmatic inefficiencies may have played a contributing role, political ideology is the primary rationale for the termination of the CNPS and the CCP‐NZ programs.     

基于全域ML指数的区域碳排放绩效研究——以浙江省为例

引入全域生产可能性集合,本文构建全域Malmquist-Luenberger生产率指数,测度了2005—2012年浙江省各地级市在碳排放约束下的生产率增长及其分解。研究发现：整体来说,浙江省各地级市的碳排放绩效平均增长率为2.16%,主要来源于技术进步的推动,管理体制改革对技术效率的促进作用有限,固定资产投资的快速扩张和外贸进出口的下滑对浙江省各地级市的技术进步具有负向影响。深化科技体制和管理体制改革,加快产业结构调整机制创新,大力推广减碳技术,是浙江省各地级市的当务之急。