Restricted Charitable Donations and the “Cy Pres” Doctrine

Courts apply the cy pres doctrine to best approximate deceased donor restrictions when these become illegal or impossible to carry out. I show, in a model of strategic donations, that a commitment to further protect deceased donor restrictions attracts more funds today at the price of inefficient allocation of funds tomorrow. The analysis identifies the benefits and costs of relaxing the doctrine, suggesting that a more flexible application by properly balancing its impact on present donations and future efficiency concerns, if feasible, would better serve to promote intergenerational social welfare.     

正当行为与犯罪构成传统关系之维护

犯罪构成是认定犯罪的唯一标准,刑法中的正当行为不符合我国的犯罪构成,将其视为犯罪成立的消极条件并不科学。犯罪构成与正当行为不是入罪与出罪的反向关系,二者之间是基本规定与注意规定之间的关系。传统的体系安排具有合理性,应当加以维护。不应该将其作为对我国传统犯罪构成大动干戈的借口。     

加快慈善立法，解决慈善事业面临的问题

我国慈善事业发展很快的同时,慈善机构在运行过程中遇到很多问题,对现有的法律法规提出了挑战。通过立法明确慈善组织的性质、活动程序、活动的监督机制等,使政府、捐赠者与接受者各方的权利义务都有明确的规定和保障,发挥法律的指引功能,使慈善机构运行更加规范,不仅必要而且紧迫。     

Explaining Levels of Local Government Involvement in Service Delivery: The Dynamics of Cross‐Sector Partnerships in Malawi

This study explores how local governments and their development partners—that is, donors, non‐governmental organisations and private companies—structure their partnerships as they work together to provide services to communities. Cases of collaboration between four organisations working in the rural water supply sector and six local governments in Malawi are studied. Using a cross‐case qualitative methodology, we illustrate how power and control translate into practices, leading to different levels of local government involvement in service delivery. This study contributes to the literature on cross‐sector partnerships in particular by developing empirically‐based propositions that help explain the dynamic trajectories that partnerships between local governments and their development partners can take. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

保险诈骗罪共犯法条性质分析——以注意规定和法律拟制为视角

保险诈骗罪属于身份犯,刑法分则第198条第4款关于保险诈骗犯罪共犯的规定属于注意规定而非法律拟制,旨在提醒司法人员对诸如保险事故的鉴定人、证明人、财产评估人等非身份主体为骗保人提供虚假证明文件等帮助行为的人与保险诈骗犯罪主体成立该罪的共犯。本款不是关于片面共犯的特别规定,保险诈骗罪共犯的成立需要满足刑法总则关于共犯成立的条件,保险事故的鉴定人、证明人、财产评估人单方故意提供虚假证明文件为他人骗保提供条件的,构成犯罪的应以提供虚假证明文件罪论。     

A Case Study of Glasgow's Use of the Prudential Borrowing Framework (PBF) for Schools Rationalisation

This paper analyses Glasgow's use of the Prudential Borrowing Framework (PBF) for rationalisation and renewal of its primary schools and the additional borrowing costs to be met by the resulting efficiency savings and by sale of surplus school sites. Our findings reveal that the PBF has many perceived advantages compared with the Private Finance Initiative/Public Private Partnership (PFI/PPP) route to capital procurement and modernisation. In particular, the link between policy and the use of resources is more transparent under PBF than for PFI/PPPs. However, the approach to risk management seems to have become more relaxed using the PBF even though the Council now retains all associated risks.     

论刑法用语的明确性与概括性——从刑事立法技术的角度切入

刑法规范既要按照罪刑法定原则的要求保持基本的明确性,又不得不保持一定的张力以适应社会生活的需要,这就要求其必须具有一定的概括性.在刑法用语的明确性和概括性之间如何保持平衡,对刑事立法技术提出了较高的要求.慎重设置兜底式规定,避免绝对确定和绝对不确定的法定刑,恰当对待刑法规范的例外规定等,有助于在刑事立法上实现上述平衡.与此同时,刑法用语也应该尽量避免粗糙、追求精致.     

略论公安院校知识产权法课程的设置与教学

公安院校作为未来社会管理人的培育基地,对于未来警察的培养离不开知识产权意识的培育与养成。从提高公民知识产权意识和公安队伍执法能力看,公安院校具有开设知识产权法课程的必要性。针对目前公安院校存在的教学问题,应改革教学思路与方法,根据教学层次与专业方向设置知识产权法的教学课时,在教学中依据内容不同采取讲授法、图表法、练习法、比较法和案例分析法的教学方式,以提高学生分析和解决问题的能力。     

多维社会资本交融与近代女性公益组织的生发——以清末广州“公益女学堂”为例

与既往对晚清公益的研讨多限于男性组织的研究不同,本文选择广州“ 公益女学堂”作为个案,发现当时投身公益的晚清女性,绝大多数出自绅商阶层。正是基于地缘、学缘和阶层等交往形成的关系型社会资本和基于同道中人的理解、欣赏和信任而产生的认知型社会资本,在同一群亲友型志士群体中深度交融,为当时不被主流社会所容的有志女性生产出一个相对自由包容的“平行世界” ———既是女性公益事业生发之初最现成的组织依托,又是其存续和发展最关键的抗风险系统。本文遂提出多维社会资本交融的观点,来解释中国女性近代公益组织的生发机制。事实上,这样一种集多层次社会资本为一体的亲友型志士网络广泛存在于近代中国变革的肌理之中,尚有待于未来更多深化和拓展。     

“应当首先满足业主需要”的规范性质探究————《物权法》第74条第1款的解释论

《物权法》第74条第1款的规范性质不同于任意性规范,其不是对合同当事人的意思表示的解释或者补充,也不同于授权第三人规范,所涉及的利益不是特定第三人的利益,而是业主群体的利益,同时也得不出赋予业主撤销权的解释结论。按照强制性规范所规范的三种领域而言,《物权法》第74条第1款应当属于强制性规范,且属于其中的效力性强制规范。违反此种具体强制性规范的后果,须结合《合同法》第52条第5项的规定,当属无效。