Sudden Death by Occult Metastatic Carcinoma

A 33-year-old female collapsed and died suddenly after presenting with acute dyspnea and increasing cough over the preceding several months. Autopsy revealed poorly differentiated linitis plastica adenocarcinoma of the stomach. Microscopic examination of the lungs showed features consistent with pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM). PTTM is a well-described complication in patients with adenocarcinoma. The typical presentation involves acute pulmonary hypertension, right-sided heart failure, and sudden death, often before the adenocarcinoma is discovered. The pathophysiology of PTTM remains elusive; it has been suggested that carcinoma cells may produce substances that influence pulmonary vasculature. Our patient had classic clinical and histologic features of PTTM in addition to prominent extravascular compression by intralymphatic tumor cells. These features undoubtedly caused her precipitous decline and lethal pulmonary hypertension, induced by underlying adenocarcinoma. This case demonstrates that sudden death can occur from pulmonary hypertension induced by metastatic carcinoma with remarkably little prior symptomatology.     

The Effects of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease on Forensic Breath Alcohol Testing

Fifteen test subjects, 10 of whom were diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), were dosed with alcohol to BACs above 0.150 g/dL. Blood and breath assays taken at 20-min intervals for 8 h after dosing demonstrated close agreement between postabsorptive BAC and BrAC values. Three subjects exhibited elevated breath alcohol concentrations up to 0.105 g/dL during the absorptive phase that were apparently due to the passage of gastric alcohol through the lower esophageal sphincter not attributable to eruction or regurgitation. The effect of gastric alcohol was not consistently proportional to the amount of unabsorbed gastric alcohol. Absorption of alcohol in the esophagus explains the nonproportionality. Breath samples contaminated by GERD-related alcohol leakage from the stomach into a breath sample were found only when there was a high concentration of alcohol in the stomach. When contaminated breath samples were encountered, they were irreproducible in magnitude.     

儒学与传染病隔离的互动发展

儒学长期积淀于中国人的思想，生成了家本位的理念，客观上也促成了以家庭为单位隔离病人的方式。然而由于传染病的剧烈及其传染性，人们往往躲避甚至遗弃病人，违背了儒学宗旨；相反，也有人捍卫儒家精神而拒绝隔离，这二者都反映了隔离与儒学的冲突。随着时代的发展，隔离作为科学的的防治措施逐渐为世人接受，这与儒学与隔离之间的不断交融、渗透具有一定的联系。     

口蹄疫病毒P1 2A和3C基因重组逆转录病毒表达载体的构建

以A型口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)AV88(L)和XJ99株的P12X基因和AV88(L)3C基因的阳性克隆质粒为模板,用PCR扩增各基因片段,酶切后分步定向亚克隆至逆转录病毒表达载体pBABE-puro上经PCR、酶切鉴定及测序。结果表明,获得了2个含不同RGD基序的A型FMDV衣壳蛋白和蛋白酶基因的重组逆转录病毒表达载体pBABE-AV88(L)P1 2X3C和pBABE-XJ99 P1 2X3C,为研究安全、高效、低成本的FMDV空衣壳亚单位疫苗奠定了基础。     

新城疫病毒广西分离株F基因的克隆和序列分析

根据GenBank中登录的新城疫病毒(NDV)F基因序列设计了2 对引物,对从广西分离的10株NDV毒株的F基因进行了分段扩增和序列测定,其基因序列全长均为1 662 bp,编码553个氨基酸,均有6个潜在的糖基化位点。将其F基因的核苷酸序列及推导的氨基酸序列与已发表的10株NDV 参考株的F 基因序列进行了比较。结果表明,核苷酸序列的同源性为82.6% ~98.1%,氨基酸的同源性为87.7%~98.7%。这10株NDV广西分离株在裂解位点的氨基酸序列(112R R Q K/R R F117)与NDV强毒株特征相符合。系统发育树、酶切位点分析和基因分型结果表明,10 株NDV广西分离株中GX1/00、GX2/00、GX4/00、GX6/02、GX7/02、GX9/03、GX10/03和GX11/03为基因Ⅶd亚型,GX3/00和GX5/00为基因Ⅲ型。     

颅脑损伤、疾病与死亡56例尸检分析

本文报道５６例尸检案例，这些案例头部确实受过损伤，并且在鉴定时必须评定颅脑损伤、疾病与死亡之间的关系。我们将这些案例分为５类，分析它们的一般情况，颅脑损伤和相关疾病的特点，它们在死亡发生中的作用等。并讨论了法医病理尸检和鉴定中的有关问题。     

O型口蹄疫病毒VP1基因和牛集落刺激因子基因的融合表达

将O型口蹄疫病毒VP1基因和牛集落刺激因子(GMCSF)成熟肽基因共同克隆到原核表达载体pGEX6P1中,转化RS21后经IPTG诱导,实现了重组融合蛋白BoGMCSF/VP1在大肠埃希氏菌RS21中的高效表达,表达产物经SDSPAGE和Westernblotting分析,重组的蛋白质分子质量约为66ku,与预期大小相符。表达蛋白占菌体总蛋白的30%,表达产物以包涵体形式存在;包涵体提取物经变性复性,用透析方法提纯,得到高纯度的表达蛋白。     

氟对奶山羊体内抗氧化功能影响的研究

以奶山羊为试验动物 ,按体重灌服氟化钠 ,复制奶山羊氟病模型 ,研究氟对奶山羊体内抗氧化功能的影响。研究结果表明 ,氟在体内可降低机体的抗氧化功能 ,对机体造成一系列损伤 ;氟通过抑制谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH Px)、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、过氧化氢酶 (CAT)、葡萄糖 6 磷酸脱氢酶 (G6PD)活性 ,降低蛋白性抗氧化剂铜蓝蛋白 (CP)含量 ,破坏了机体清除自由基及抗氧化防御系统 ,使机体氧化应激反应强烈 ,产生一系列病理变化 ,表现出氟病的各种症状 ,构成了氟损伤机体的病理学基础。     

几种动物病毒的基因芯片检测技术

分别用水疱性口炎病毒、蓝舌病病毒、口蹄疫病毒、猪瘟病毒、牛病毒性腹泻病毒、鹿流行性出血热病毒和赤羽病病毒各一段高度保守的基因片段构建质粒 ,在此基础上制备了芯片探针。提取样品中的核酸 ,经反转录和荧光标记后滴加到芯片上进行特异性杂交 ,对杂交结果扫描检测 ,可同时对上述 7种动物传染病进行快速、准确的诊断 ,此方法敏感性高 ,特异性强 ,适合于大批动物高通量检疫。     

黄芪建中汤对慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期大鼠呼吸肌疲劳影响的实验研究

目的 研究黄芪建中汤对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD)稳定期模型大鼠呼吸肌疲劳的影响。方法 取SD大鼠120只，随机分为6组：空白对照组，模型组，黄芪建中汤高、中、低剂量组，金水宝组，每组20只。采用熏吸香烟并气管内注入脂多糖法复制大鼠COPD模型。连续治疗8周后观察各组大鼠膈肌超微结构，测定膈肌线粒体还原型尼克酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸氧化酶（reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidase, NOX)、琥珀酸脱氢酶（succinodehydrogenase, SDH）、细胞色素氧化酶（cytochrome oxidase, CCO）的活性。结果 模型组大鼠膈肌细胞线粒体肿胀变性，数量减少甚至消失形成空泡，肌原纤维走向紊乱，局部肌丝溶解消失。各治疗组膈肌组织超微结构改变均较模型组明显减轻，以黄芪建中汤高剂量组的作用为最优。模型组NOX、SDH、CCO活性显著低于空白对照组（P<0.01）；黄芪建中汤呈剂量依赖性地升高COPD大鼠膈肌线粒体NOX、SDH、CCO活性（P<0.05，或P<0.01）。结论 黄芪建中汤可明显修复COPD模型大鼠膈肌线粒体结构，剂量依赖性地升高膈肌线粒体NOX、SDH、CCO活性，从而延缓COPD的进程。